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Heavy Charged Gauge Bosons with General CP Violating Couplings

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2010年第6期53卷 1137-1139页

作者： Mojtaba Mohammadi Najafabadi School of particles and Accelerators Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM)

Heavy gauge bosons such as W＇ are expected to exist in many extensions of the Standard Model. In this paper, the most general Lagrangian for the interaction of W＇ with top and bottom quarks is considered. This Lagrangian consists of V- A and V ＋ A structure with in general complex couplings. Such interactions produce an Electric Dipole Moment （EDM） for the top quark at one loop level. We predict the allowed ranges for the mass and couplings of W＇ by using the upper limit on the top quark EDM.

关键词： heavy gauge boson electric dipole moment

Phosphorus recovery from biogas fermentation liquid by Ca-Mg loaded biochar

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第3期27卷 106-114页

作者： Ci Fang Tao Zhang Ping Li Rongfeng Jiang Shubiao Wu Haiyu Nie Yingcai Wang Key laboratory of Plant–Soil interactions of Ministry of Education College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural University College of Engineering China Agricultural University College of Science China Agricultural University

Shortage in phosphorus （P） resources and P wastewater pollution is considered as a serious problem worldwide. The application of modified biochar for P recovery from wastewater and reuse of recovered P as agricultural fertilizer is a preferred process. This work aims to develop a calcium and magnesium loaded biochar （Ca-Mg/biochar） application for P recovery from biogas fermentation liquid. The physico-chemical characterization, adsorption efficiency, adsorption selectivity, and postsorption availability of Ca-Mg/biochar were investigated. The synthesized Ca-Mg/biochar was rich in organic functional groups and in CaO and MgO nanoparticles. With the increase in synthesis temperature, the yield decreased, C content increased, H content decreased, N content remained the same basically, and BET surface area increased. The P adsorption of Ca-Mg/biochar could be accelerated by nano-CaO and nano-MgO particles and reached equilibrium after 360min. The process was endothermic, spontaneous, and showed an increase in the disorder of the solid-liquid interface. Moreover, it could be fitted by the Freundlich model. The maximum P adsorption amounts were 294.22, 315.33, and 326.63 mg/g. The P adsorption selectivity of Ca-Mg/biochar could not be significantly influenced by the typical pH level of biogas fermentation liquid. The nano-CaO and nano-MgO particles of Ca-Mg/biochar could reduce the negative interaction effects of coexisting ions. The P releasing amounts of postsorption Ca-Mg/biochar were in the order of Ca-Mg/B600 〉 Ca-Mg/B4S0 〉 Ca-Mg/B300. Results revealed that postsorption Ca-Mg/biochar can continually release P and is more suitable for an acid environment.

关键词： Phosphorus Ca-Mg loaded biochar Biogas fermentation liquid Recovery

New approach for time-resolved and dynamic investigations on nanoparticles agglomeration

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Nano Research 2020年第10期13卷 2847-2856页

作者： Neda Iranpour Anaraki Amin Sadeghpour Kamran Iranshahi Claudio Toncelli Urszula Cendrowska Francesco Stellacci Alex Dommann Peter Wick Antonia Neels Center for X-ray Analytics EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology St.Gallen 9014Switzerland laboratory of particles biology interactions EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologySt.Gallen 9014Switzerland Department of Chemistry University of FribourgChemin du MuseeFribourg 1700Switzerland laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles EmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologySt.Gallen 9014Switzerland Department of Environmental Systems Science Swiss FPederal Institute of TechnologyETH-ZurichZurich 8092Switzerland Institute of Materials EPFLLausanne 1015Switzerland Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BernBern 3012Swizerland

Nanoparticle (NP) colloidal stability plays a crucial role in biomedical application not only for human and environmental safety but also for NP efficiency and functionality. NP agglomeration is considered as a possible process in monodispersed NP colloidal solutions, which drastically affects colloidal stability. This process is triggered by changes in the physicochemical properties of the surrounding media, such as ionic strength (IS), pH value, or presence of biomolecules. Despite different available characterization methods for nanoparticles (NPs), there is a lack of information about the underlying mechanisms at the early stage of dynamic behaviors, namely changing in NP size distribution and structure while placing them from a stable colloidal solution to a new media like biological fluids. In this study, an advanced in situ approach is presented that combines small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and microfluidics, allowing label-free, direct, time-resolved, and dynamic observations of the early stage of NP interaction/agglomeration initiated by environmental changes. It is shown for silica NPs that the presence of protein in the media enormously accelerates the NP agglomeration process compared to respective changes in IS and pH. High IS results in a staring agglomeration process after 40 min, though, in case of protein presence in media, this time decreased enormously to 48 s. These time scales show that this method is sensitive and precise in depicting the dynamics of fast and slow NP interactions in colloidal conditions and therefore supports understanding the colloidal stability of NPs in various media concluding in safe and efficient NP designing for various applications.

关键词： microfluidic small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS) in situ dynamic measurements nanoparticle agglomeration biological environment label-free

Theoretical study of interactions between striated cylindrical particles and membrane

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第8期24卷 624-631页

作者：王晶晶冯佳伟任春来 National laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics Nanjing University

The interaction of nanoparticles with cell membranes is of great importance because of their potential biomedical applications. In this paper, we investigate the adhesion of stripe-patterned cylinders to a fluid membrane with a full consideration of the Helfrich free energy. Three situations are considered: one striated cylindrical particle, two pure cylindrical particles, and two Janus cylindrical particles. It is found that, with the adhesion of a single sparse striated cylinder, there are a variety of steady-states with energy barriers and the stable state is determined by the pattern of the cylinder. However,when the particle is densely striped, it has no effect on the stable state. By comparing the wrapping degree of two cylindrical particles with that of a single cylindrical particle, we find that two pure cylindrical particles can promote or suppress their interaction with the membrane under different situations. However, two Janus cylindrical particles can only inhibit their interaction with the membrane. Besides, this interaction is related to a first-order transition which is a shallow-to-deep wrapping transition for two pure cylinders while it is a shallow-to-half wrapping transition for two Janus cylinders. Furthermore, the position where the transition happens as a function of adhesion energy is given for fixed membrane tension and the precondition of the transition is presented.

关键词： Helfrich free energy striated particles membrane wrapping

U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein is essential for early larval development in silkworm, Bombyx mori

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Insect Science 2022年第2期29卷 379-387页

作者： Xiaoqian Zhang Dehong Yang Xu Yang Xinran Zhang Yong Zhang Yongping Huang Shengxiang Zhang Zulian Liu College Forestry Shangdong Agriculture UniversityShangdong ProvinceTaianChina Key laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Soochow University SuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina

U1 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins(U1 snRNP)associates with 5ʹsplice sites in the form of ribonucleoprotein particles and is highly conserved among *** physiological functions of U1 snRNP in a lepidopteran model insect Bombyx mori is mostly ***,we showed that U1 snRNP plays an important role in the development of *** of U1 snRNP in silkworm showed either delayed or stationary 1st instar larva development compared with the wild-type group.U1 snRNP deletion mutants exhibited abnormal cellular phenotypes with enlarged cell nucleus,scant cytoplasm and enlarged ***-seq analysis revealed that genes involved in metabolic pathway,biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and steroid hormone biosynthesis were significantly affected by U1 snRNP *** together,our study suggests that U1 snRNP homeostasis plays an important role in silkworm development.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 development ecdysone silkworm U1 snRNP

Histo-blood group antigens in Crassostrea gigas and binding profiles with GⅡ.4 Norovirus

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第4期36卷 1383-1391页

作者： MA Liping LIU Hui SU Laij in ZHAO Feng ZHOU Deqing DUAN Delin Key laboratory of Experimental Marine biology Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Key laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources Ministry of AgricultureYellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesQingdao 266071China laboratory for Marine biology and Biotechnology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China

Noroviruses(NoVs) are the main cause of viral gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide, and oysters are the most common carriers of NoV contamination and transmission. NoVs bind specifically to oyster tissues through histo-blood group antigens(HBGAs), and this facilitates virus accumulation and increases virus persistence in oysters. To investigate the interaction of HBGAs in Pacific oysters with GⅡ.4 NoV, we examined HBGAs with ELISAs and investigated binding patterns with oligosaccharide-binding assays using P particles as a model of five GⅡ.4 NoV capsids. The HBGAs in the gut and gills exhibited polymorphisms. In the gut, type A was detected(100%), whereas type Leb(91.67%) and type A(61.11%) were both observed in the gills. Moreover, we found that seasonal NoV gastroenteritis outbreaks were not significantly associated with the specific HBGAs detected in the oyster gut and gills. In the gut, we found that strain-2006 b and strain-96/96 US bound to type A and H1 but only weakly bound to type Leb; in contrast, the Camberwell and Hunter strains exhibited weak binding to types H1 and Ley, and strain-Sakai exhibited no binding to any HBGA type. In the gills, strain-96/96 US and strain-2006 b bound to type Leb but only weakly bound to type H1; strains Camberwell, Hunter, and Sakai did not bind to oyster HBGAs. Assays for oligosaccharide binding to GⅡ.4 NoV P particles showed that strain-95/96 US and strain-2006 b strongly bound to type A, B, H1, Leb, and Ley oligosaccharides, while strains Camberwell and Hunter showed weak binding ability to type H1 and Ley oligosaccharides and strain-Sakai showed weak binding ability to type Leb and Ley oligosaccharides. Our study presents new information and enhances understanding about the mechanism for NoV accumulation in oysters. Further studies of multiple NoV-tissue interactions might assist in identifying new or improved strategies for minimizing contamination, including HBGA-based attachment inhibition or depuration.

关键词： Crassostrea gigas norovirus histo-blood group antigen binding

ON THE ROLE OF QUANTUM TRANSITION RATE IN AN ENTROPY DECREASING PROCESS

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1981年第11期26卷 984-987页

作者：黄惠慈 Institute of Biophysics Academia Sinicaet us consider a system of mixed particles and photons. We assume that the interactions between the particles are weak and can be neglected. We also assume that the particles are mutually distinguishable. Since the transition of a particle between two quantum energy levels is always accompanied by the emission or absorption of a photon it is necessary to consider particles and photons together.

Let us consider a system of mixed particles and photons. We assume that the interactions between the particles are weak and can be neglected. We also assume that the particles are mutually distinguishable. Since the transition of a particle between two quantum energy levels is always accompanied by the emission or absorption of a photon, it is necessary to consider particles and photons together.

关键词： neglected assume mutually RATE accompanied ordering relaxation photon 气升 constraints

A general analysis of Wtb anomalous couplings

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Chinese Physics C 2017年第6期41卷 11-32页

作者：曹庆宏岩斌于江浩张宸 Department of Physics and State Key laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Center for High Energy Physics Peking University Amherst Center for Fundamental interactions Department of Physics University of Massachusetts-Amherst

We investigate new physics effects on the Wtb effective couplings in a model-independent framework. The new physics effects can be parametrized by four independent couplings, f1^L, f1^R, f2^L and f2^R. We further introduce a set of parameters x0, xm, xp and x5 which exhibit a linear relation to the single top production cross sections. Using recent data for the t-channel single top production cross section at, tW associated production cross section crtw, s-channel single top production cross section δs, and W-helicity fractions F0, FL and FR collected at the 8 TeV LHC and Tevatron, we perform a global fit to impose constraints on the top quark effective couplings. Our globM fitting results show that the top quark effective couplings are strongly correlated. We show that （i） improving the measurements of δt and δtw is important in constraining the correlation of （f1^R, f2^R） and （f2^L,f2^R）; （ii） f1^L and f2^R are anti-correlated, and are sensitive to all the four experiments; （iii） f1^R and f2^L are also anti-correlated, and are sensitive to the F0 and FL measurements; （iv） the correlation between f2^L and f2^R is sensitive to the precision of the δt, δtw and F0 measurements. The effective Wtb couplings are studied in three kinds of new physics models： the G（221） = SU（2）1 SU（2）2 U（1）x models, the vector-like quark models and the Littlest Higgs model with and without T-parity. We show that the Wtb couplings in the left-right model and the un-unified model are sensitive to the ratio of gauge couplings when the new heavy gauge boson＇s mass （Mw,） is less than several hundred GeV, but the constraint is loose if Mw^t 〉 1 TeV. Fhrthermore, the Wtb couplings in vector-like quark models and the Littlest Higgs models are sensitive to the mixing angles of new heavy particles and SM particles.

关键词： top quark TeV physics anomalous coupling

Cellular and humoral immune interactions between Drosophila and its parasitoids

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Insect Science 2021年第5期28卷 1208-1227页

作者： Lei Yang Li-Ming Qiu Qi Fang David W.Stanley Gong-Yin Ye State Key laboratory of Rice biology&Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Institute of Insect SciencesZhejiang University.HangzhouChina USD A Agricultural Research Service Biological Control of Insects Research LaboratoryColumbiaMissouriUnited States

The immune interactions occurring between parasitoids and their host insects,especially in Drosophila-wasp models,have long been the research focus of insect immunology and *** infestation in Drosophila is counteracted by its multiple natural immune defense systems,which include cellular and humoral immunity,Occurring in the hemocoel,cellular immune responses involve the proliferation,differentiation,migration and spreading of host hemocytes and parasitoid encapsulation by ***,humoral immune responses rely more heavily on melanization and on the Toll,Imd and Jak/Stat immune pathways associated w ith antimicrobial peptides along with stress *** the wasps'side,successful development is achieved by introducing various virulence factors to counteract immune responses of *** or all of these factors manipulate the host's immunity for successful *** we review current knowledge of the cellular and humoral immune interactions between Drosophila and its parasitoids,focusing on the defense mechanisms used by Drosophila and the strategies evolved by parasitic wasps to outwit it.

关键词： Drosophilas immunity parasitoid venom virus-like particles