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An injectable,self-healable,and reusable PEDOT:PSS/PVA hydrogel patch electrode for epidermal electronics

Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5479-5490页

作者： Yang Li Yuzhe Gu Sheng Qian Shuwen Zheng Yuncong Pang Lele Wang Baoguang Liu Shujuan Liu Qiang Zhao College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(NJUPT)Nanjing 210023China State Key laboratory of Organic electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(NJUPT)Nanjing 210023China

Injectability empowers conductive hydrogels to transcend traditional limitations,unlocking a realm of possibilities for innovative medical,wearable,and therapeutic applications that can significantly enhance patient care and quality of ***,we report an injectable,self-healable,and reusable hydrogel obtained by mixing the concentrated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)doped with polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS)suspension(~2 wt.%solid content),polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),and *** the presence of reversible borax/hydroxyl bonds and multiple hydrogen bonds,this PEDOT:PSS/PVA hydrogel exhibits notable shear-thinning behavior and self-healing capabilities,enabling it to be injected as a gel fiber from a ***-prepared injectable hydrogel also demonstrates an ultra-low modulus(~2.5 MPa),reduced on-skin impedance(~45%of commercial electrodes),and high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)(~15-22 dB)in recording of electrocardiography(ECG),electromyography(EMG),and electroencephalogram(EEG)***,the injectable hydrogels can be remolded and reinjected as the reusable electrodes,maintaining nearly identical electrophysiological recording capabilities and brain-computer interface(BCI)performance compared to commercial wet *** their straightforward fabrication,excellent material properties and electronic performance,ease of cleaning,and remarkable reusability,our injectable PEDOT:PSS/PVA hydrogels hold promise for advancements in BCI based electronics and wearable bioelectronics.

关键词： epidermal hydrogel electrodes reusability injectability self-healing electrophysiological recording brain-computer interface

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Bioinspired 3D flexible devices and functional systems

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 271-295页

作者： Xu Cheng Zhangming Shen Yihui Zhang Applied Mechanics laboratory Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University laboratory of Flexible electronics Technology Tsinghua University

Flexible devices and functional systems with elaborated three-dimensional(3D) architectures can endow better mechanical/electrical performances, more design freedom, and unique functionalities, when compared to their two-dimensional(2D) counterparts. Such 3D flexible devices/systems are rapidly evolving in three primary directions, including the miniaturization, the increasingly merged physical/artificial intelligence and the enhanced adaptability and capabilities of heterogeneous *** challenges exist in this emerging research area, such as relatively poor controllability in the locomotion of soft robotic systems, mismatch of bioelectronic interfaces, and signal coupling in multi-parameter sensing. By virtue of long-time–optimized materials, structures and processes, natural organisms provide rich sources of inspiration to address these challenges, enabling the design and manufacture of many bioinspired 3D flexible devices/systems. In this Review, we focus on bioinspired 3D flexible devices and functional systems, and summarize their representative design concepts, manufacturing methods, principles of structure-function relationship and broad-ranging applications. Discussions on existing challenges, potential solutions and future opportunities are also provided to usher in further research efforts toward realizing bioinspired 3D flexible devices/systems with precisely programmed shapes,enhanced mechanical/electrical performances, and high-level physical/artificial intelligence.

关键词： bioinspired designs biomimetic 3D structures 3D flexible electronics 3D functional systems direct 3D manufacture 2D-to-3D assembly

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Road map for, and technical challenges of, carbon-nanotube integrated circuit technology

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 14-16页

作者： Jia Si Panpan Zhang Zhiyong Zhang Key laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based electronics School of Electronics Peking University State Key laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

The past decade has witnessed an explosion of research on carbon-nanotube(CNT) electronics due to their outstanding properties, including an ultrathin body, a high carrier mobility and a high saturation velocity.

关键词： TRANSISTORS

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Acousto-optic modulator-based bi-frequency interferometer for quantum technology

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 186-191页

作者：李文奇邓琦琦郭学石李小英 College of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information TechnologyMinistry of EducationTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

We demonstrate a high-performance acousto-optic modulator-based bi-frequency interferometer,which can realize either beating or beating free interference for a single-photon level quantum *** and optical efficiency of the interferometer are(99.5±0.2)%and(95±1)%,*** phase of the interferometer is actively stabilized by using a dithering phase-locking scheme,where the phase dithering is realized by directly driving the acousto-optic modulators with a specially designed electronic *** further demonstrate applications of the interferometer in quantum technology,including bi-frequency coherent combination,frequency tuning,and optical *** results show the interferometer is a versatile device for multiple quantum technologies.

关键词： bi-frequency interferometer acousto-optic modulator quantum optics quantum manipulation

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Alignment of inertialess spheroidal particles in flow-structure-dominated regions of turbulent channel flow:shape effect

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第8期40卷 45-66页

作者： Zhiwen Cui Lihao Zhao Applied Mechanics laboratory Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China laboratory of Flexible electronics Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

The alignment of elongated fibers and thin disks is known to be significantly influenced by the presence of fluid coherent structures in near-wall turbulence(Cui et al.2021).However,this earlier study is confined to the spheroids with infinitely large or small aspect ratio,and the shape effect of finite aspect ratio on the alignment is not *** current study investigates the shape-dependent alignment of inertialess spheroids in structure-dominated regions of channel *** utilizing an ensemble-averaged approach for identifying the structure-dominated regions,we analyze the eigensystem of the linear term matrix in the Jeffery equation,which is governed by both particle shape and local fluid velocity *** contrast to earlier conventional analysis based on local vorticity and strain rate,our findings demonstrate that the eigensystem of the Jeffery equation offers a convenient,effective,and universal framework for predicting the alignment behavior of inertialess spheroids in turbulent *** leveraging the eigensystem of the Jeffery equation,we uncover a diverse effect of fluid coherent structures on spheroid alignment with different particle ***,we provide explanations for both shape-independent alignments observed in vortical-core regions and shape-dependent alignments around near-wall streamwise vortices.

关键词： Non-spherical particle Direct numerical simulation Wall turbulence Particle-laden flow

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Atomic transport dynamics in crossed optical dipole trap

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 293-301页

作者：彭鹏张正熙樊耀塬殷国玲毛德凯陈徐宗熊炜周小计 State Key laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication System and Network School of ElectronicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Carbon-based Thin Film electronics Peking UniversityTaiyuan 030012China State Key laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices Institute of Opto-ElectronicsShanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

We study the dynamical evolution of cold atoms in crossed optical dipole trap theoretically and experimentally. The atomic transport process is accompanied by two competitive kinds of physical mechanics, atomic loading and atomic *** loading process normally is negligible in the evaporative cooling experiment on the ground, while it is significant in preparation of ultra-cold atoms in the space station. Normally, the atomic loading process is much weaker than the atomic loss process, and the atomic number in the central region of the trap decreases monotonically, as reported in previous research. However, when the atomic loading process is comparable to the atomic loss process, the atomic number in the central region of the trap will initially increase to a maximum value and then slowly decrease, and we have observed the phenomenon first. The increase of atomic number in the central region of the trap shows the presence of the loading process, and this will be significant especially under microgravity conditions. We build a theoretical model to analyze the competitive relationship, which coincides with the experimental results well. Furthermore, we have also given the predicted evolutionary behaviors under different conditions. This research provides a solid foundation for further understanding of the atomic transport process in traps. The analysis of loading process is of significant importance for preparation of ultra-cold atoms in a crossed optical dipole trap under microgravity conditions.

关键词： cold atom crossed optical dipole trap transport process

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Achieving highly efficient long-wavelength phosphorescence emission of large singlet-triplet energy gap materials by host-guest doping

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 1922-1928页

作者： Shasha Zhang Wei Yao Anqi Lv Kun Liu Yusheng Zhang Chifeng Zhou Huili Ma Huifang Shi Zhongfu An Key laboratory of Flexible electronics(KLOFE)&Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing211816China

High-efficiency long-wavelength phosphorescence emissions of large singlet-triplet energy gap(ΔE_(ST))materials are essential for applications in biology and ***,few long-wavelength phosphorescence emissions of largeΔE_(ST)materials have been reported due to the weak spin-orbit coupling(SOC)and strong non-radiative ***,we develop a strategy to achieve highly efficient long-wavelength room temperature phosphorescence(RTP)emission of largeΔE_(ST)materials,which display bright red RTP emission with above 400μs lifetime and 6.5%phosphorescent quantum *** experiments and theoretical calculations reveal that the fishbone-like packing and the zig-zag interactions provide favorable conditions for suppressing the non-radiative transitions of triplet state excitons,and heavy atoms effectively promote the intersystem crossing(ISC)process for highly efficient long-wavelength phosphorescence *** universality of the method for highly efficient long-wavelength RTP emission of largeΔE_(ST)materials was further investigated in various ***,these materials with largeΔE_(ST)manifest the advantages of large color contrast on the display and utilization potentiality in information *** strategy paves the way for the high contrast display and development of information encryption with RTP emission.

关键词： room temperature phosphorescence singlet-triplet energy gap host-guest doping heavy atom effect red phosphorescence

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Elliptical encirclement control capable of reinforcing performances for UAVs around a dynamic target

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 104-119页

作者： Fei Zhang Xingling Shao Yi Xia Wendong Zhang National Key laboratory for Electronic Measurement Technology School of Instrument and ElectronicsNorth University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China

Most researches associated with target encircling control are focused on moving along a circular orbit under an ideal environment free from external ***,elliptical encirclement with a time-varying observation radius,may permit a more flexible and high-efficacy enclosing solution,whilst the non-orthogonal property between axial and tangential speed components,non-ignorable environmental perturbations,and strict assignment requirements empower elliptical encircling control to be more challenging,and the relevant investigations are still *** this line,an appointed-time elliptical encircling control rule capable of reinforcing circumnavigation performances is developed to enable Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)to move along a specified elliptical path within a predetermined reaching *** remarkable merits of the designed strategy are that the relative distance controlling error can be guaranteed to evolve within specified regions with a designer-specified convergence ***,wind perturbations can be online counteracted based on an unknown system dynamics estimator(USDE)with only one regulating parameter and high computational *** tool demonstrates that all involved error variables are ultimately limited,and simulations are implemented to confirm the usability of the suggested control algorithm.

关键词： Elliptical encirclement Reinforced performances Wind perturbations UAVs

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A breathable, designable and flexible leather–heater used in wearable thermotherapy

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 2125-2132页

作者： ZHU JingYu LIU YaDong XIE RuiJie ZHAO YuHan WANG Feng LIU YunQing ZHA BaoLi WU JianSheng HUO FengWei Key laboratory of Flexible electronics(KLOFE) School of Flexible Electronics(Future Technologies)Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China The Institute of Flexible electronics(IFE Future Technologies)Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Tan Kah Kee Innovation laboratory Xiamen 361102China

Flexible heaters with personal thermal management capabilities have great potential in thermal therapy applications due to their excellent flexibility, low power consumption, and portability. However, manufacturing wearable heating devices that are breathable, wear resistant and conformal for long-term use is still challenging. To address these issues, we designed a leather heater using breathable, biocompatible, and tailorable leather as the substrate through a simple in-situ polymerization polypyrrole strategy. This heater exhibits excellent heating and mechanical properties(reaching 64℃ at a voltage of 5 V with efficient Joule heat generation of 2286 W/m^(2)and uniform temperature distribution, and functioning properly after 1000 cycles of bendability tests). In addition, this heater displays better wear resistance and water vapor permeability rate(38.04 g/(m^(2)h)). The cuttable and sewable of leather gives the strategy ability to be flexibly designed to mold the heater to the specific requirements of different body parts, providing a new approach to wearable thermal therapy.

关键词： flexible electronics leather thermotherapy

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Power-efficient programmable integrated multiport photonic interferometer in CMOS-compatible silicon nitride

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 I0011-I0020页

作者： SHUQING LIN YANFENG ZHANG ZHAOYANG WU SHIHAO ZENG QING GAO JIAQI LI XIAOQUN YU SIYUAN YU State Key laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Electronics and Information TechnologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Hefei National laboratory Hefei 230088China

Silicon nitride(SiNx)is an appealing waveguide material choice for large-scale,high-performance photonic integrated circuits(PICs)due to its low optical ***,SiNx PICs require high electric power to realize optical reconfiguration via the weak thermo-optic effect,which limits their scalability in terms of device density and chip power *** report a 6-mode programmable interferometer PIC operating at the wavelength of 1550 nm on a CMOS-compatible low-temperature inductance coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition(ICP-CVD)silicon nitride *** employing suspended thermo-optic phase shifters,the PIC achieves 2×improvement in compactness and 10×enhancement in power efficiency compared to conventional *** 6-dimensional linear transformations are demonstrated including cyclic transformations and arbitrary unitary *** work demonstrates the feasibility of fabricating power-efficient large-scale reconfigurable PICs on the low-temperature ICP-CVD silicon nitride platform.

关键词： unitary arbitrary figuration

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