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Can simple songs express useful signals for mate choice?

Chinese Birds 2016年第2期7卷 110-115页

作者： Nan Lyu Jinlin Li Yue-Hua Sun Key laboratory of animal ecology and conservation biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Background:As one of the most elaborate and diverse sexual signals,bird songs are prominent among mate choice *** generally prefer mates with larger repertoire size,which promotes the evolution of song complex?***,there are also some songbirds that have far simpler and less diverse vocalizations,which have not been the focus of scientific *** Phylloscopus warblers are accomplished singers with complex *** contrast,Hume's Warbler(***) has extremely simple *** order to explore the song's function,its evolutionary sig?nificance and particularly to assess its possible relationship with parental investment,we studied mate choice of the subspecies *** in Lianhuashan National Nature Reserve,Gansu,***:We recorded body measurements and songs of breeding males and then explored their relationships with the date of clutch initiation,reasoning that the characteristics of males that are involved with early nesting activities reflect female mate *** also recorded egg size and body measurements of nestlings to assess the rela?tionship between parental investment and mate ***:We found that male wing and tail lengths were positively correlated with early clutch initiation as were songs characterized by short duration and rapid rise to maximum *** also found that early?breeding females did not lay large eggs,but produced more surviving young,which grew up ***:Female mate choice criteria in this bird include both visual signals and song *** study supports the hypothesis that females may judge male quality from quite subtle *** order to reduce the risk of predation,a preference for such inconspicuous male characteristics may be partially driven by high vulnerability of this warbler to predators as a ground?nesting species.

关键词： Bird song Sexual selection Mate choice Parental investment Hume's Warbler

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Effects of Pesticide Exposure on Embryonic Development and Hatchling Traits of Turtles

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Asian Herpetological Research 2016年第1期7卷 28-33页

作者： Baofeng WU Liang LIANG Liang MA Weiguo DU Key laboratory of animal ecology and conservation biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Deltamethrin is a widespread environmental hormone with endocrine-disrupting properties, but its effect on embryonic development of reptiles is largely unexplored. We investigated the effects of deltamethrin on embryonic development and offspring traits in two turtle species, one with parchment-shelled eggs and the other with rigidshelled eggs. Deltamethrin exposure during egg incubation did not affect hatching success and hatchling body size in either species. However, embryonic exposure to deltamethrin resulted in reduced hatchling locomotor performance in the red-eared slider turtle（Trachemys scripta） with parchment-shelled eggs, but not in the Chinese three-keeled pond turtle（Chinemys reevesii） with rigid-shelled eggs. These results suggest that parchment-shelled eggs are likely more vulnerable to deltamethrin than rigid-shelled eggs.

关键词： Parchment-shelled eggs Rigid-shelled eggs Red-eared slider turtle Trachemys scripta Chinese threekeeled pond turtle Chinemys reevesii Embryo Environmental hormone

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Inhibition effects of perfluoroalkyl acids on progesterone production in mLTC-1

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第6期29卷 272-280页

作者： Wei Zhao Ruina Cui Jianshe Wang Jiayin Dai Key laboratory of animal ecology and conservation biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Perfluoroalkyl substances （PFASs） are a class of fluorine substituted carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid and alcohol, structurally similar to their corresponding parent compounds. Previous study demonstrated the potential endocrine disruption and reproductive toxicity of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid, two dominant PFASs in animals and humans. We explored the relationship between eleven perfluoroalkyl acids （PFAAs） with different carbon chain length and their ability to inhibit progesterone production in mouse Leydig tumor cells （mLTC-1）. We found an obvious dose-response relationship between progesterone inhibition rate and PFAA exposure concentration in mLTC-1. The relative inhibition rate of progesterone by PFAAs was linearly related to the carbon chain length and molar refractivity of PFAAs. Mitochondrial membrane potential （MMP） decreased after PFAA exposure at the half-maximal inhibitory effect concentration （IC50） of progesterone production in mLTC-1, while the reactive oxygen species （ROS） content increased significantly. These results imply that the inhibition effect of PFAAs on progesterone production might be due, in part, to ROS damage and the decrease in MMP in mLTC-1.

关键词： Perfluoroalkyl substancesProgesteroneMitochondrial membrane potentialReactive oxygen species

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Toxic effects of perfluorononanoic acid on the development of Zebrafish(Danio rerio) embryos

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第6期27卷 26-34页

作者： Hui Liu Nan Sheng Wei Zhang Jiayin Dai Key laboratory of animal ecology and conservation biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Perfluorononanoic acid（PFNA） is a nine-carbon perfluoroalkyl acid widely used in industrial and domestic products. It is a persistent organic pollutant found in the environment as well as in the tissues of humans and wildlife. There is a concern that this chemical might be a developmental toxicant and teratogen in various ecosystems. In the present study,the toxic effects of PFNA were evaluated in zebrafish（Danio rerio） embryos. One hour post-fertilization embryos were treated with 0, 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 350, and 400 μmol/L PFNA for 96 hr in 6-well plates. Developmental phenotypes and hatching rates were observed and recorded. Nineteen genes related to oxidative stress and lipid metabolism were examined using Quantitative RT-PCR and confirmed by whole mount in situ hybridization（WISH）. Results showed that PFNA delayed the development of zebrafish embryos, reduced the hatching rate, and caused ventricular edema and malformation of the spine. In addition, the amount of reactive oxygen species in the embryo bodies increased significantly after exposure to PFNA compared with that of the control group. The Quantitative RT-PCR and WISH experiments demonstrated that m RNA expression of the lfabp and ucp2 genes increased significantly while that of sod1 and mt-nd1 decreased significantly after PFNA exposure. The m RNA expression levels of gpx1 and mt-atp6 decreased significantly in the high concentration group. However, the m RNA expression levels of both ppara and pparg did not show any significant variation after exposure. These findings suggest that PFNA affected the development of zebrafish embryos at relatively low concentrations.

关键词： Perfluorononanoic acid Zebrafish embryo Danio rerio Developmental toxicity

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Effect of China's rapid development on its iconic giant panda

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第17期58卷 2134-2139页

作者： ZHU LiFeng HU YiBo ZHANG ZeJun WEI FuWen Key laboratory of animal ecology and conservation biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Anthropogenic factors affect biodiversity and have led to the contraction or extinction of animal populations ***,we use historical demographic data,spanning the past 300 years,to show that a rapid distributional contraction of giant pandas took place during the 18th and 19th centuries alongside the increase in human ***-use also underwent a significant change across the areas where giant pandas were found because of government agricultural policy and the introduction of new *** impact of social development on giant pandas includes habitat loss and fragmentation,and range *** findings would facilitate the design of effective conservation strategies that seek to conserve and increase current habitats of this iconic species,especially in areas that our analysis has identified as places where pandas have suffered from high human pressure.

关键词：大熊猫栖息地标志性中国经济保护策略生物多样性种群灭绝人为因素统计数据

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Behavioral plasticity is not significantly associated with head volume in a wild Chestnut Thrush(Turdus rubrocanus) population

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Chinese Birds 2016年第3期7卷 155-160页

作者： Qingshan Zhao Yuehua Sun Key laboratory of animal ecology and conservation biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

Background: The drivers of intraspecific variation in behavioral plasticity are poorly known. A widely held hypothesis is that brain size is positively correlated with behavioral ***: A total of 71 Chestnut Thrushes(Turdus rubrocanus) were caught in the wild population. We quantified behavior plasticity of activity of individuals measured in the same cage across two contexts(common and with a novel object stimulation), using a random regression analysis. We then investigated whether head volume(a proxy for brain size) was associated with behavioral plasticity in activity level using Spearman rank-order ***: We found no significant evidence that activity plasticity was associated with relative head volume. There was no sex difference in head volume or in variance in head ***: We speculate that the absence of an association between brain volume and activity behavior plasticity may result from the inaccuracy of using external skull measurements to estimate brain size, or from a particular part of the brain being responsible for plasticity in activity level.

关键词： Activity Behavioral plasticity Chestnut Thrush Head volume

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Oxygen Availability Affects Behavioural Thermoregulation of Turtle Embryos

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Asian Herpetological Research 2023年第4期14卷 257-260页

作者： Liang LIANG Weiguo DU Key laboratory of animal ecology and conservation biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Extending recent findings that reptile embryos seek optimal temperatures inside eggs for thermoregulation,our study demonstrates that this thermoregulatory behaviour can be affected by the amount of oxygen available to an *** exposed embryos of a freshwater turtle(Mauremys reevesii)to two heat sources(an optimal temperature of 30°C and a high temperature of 33°C)under three different oxygen levels–hypoxia(12%O2),normoxia(21%O2)and hyperoxia(30%O2)–and quantified the interactive effects of temperature and oxygen availability on embryonic thermoregulatory *** results demonstrated that,in both thermal treatments,embryos exposed to hypoxia did not move as close to the heat source and therefore selected lower temperatures than those exposed to normoxia or *** may select low temperatures under hypoxic conditions to decrease oxygen consumption and therefore alleviate the negative impact of hypoxic stress.

关键词： behavioural thermoregulation embryonic development heat tolerance hypoxia reptile

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A multi-omics integrated study deciphers biology of the rumen and lipid metabolism

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2014年第9期57卷 951-953页

作者： YANG Ji LI Meng-Hua CAS Key laboratory of animal ecology and conservation biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Sheep （Ovis aries）, as one of the earliest domesticated ru- minant livestock, can effectively make use of plant fibers via the rumen, and provide multiple products such as meat, milk and wool for human. However, molecular mechanism of the digestion and lipid metabolism for ruminants has been largely unexplored. The publishing of the complete genomes of cattle （Bos taurus） in 2009 [1] and later two other ruminant livestock, i.e., yak [2] and goat [3], have opened a new window to the biology and evolution of ru- minants. Quite recently, Science published a high-quality sheep reference genome assembly and its comparisons with those of goat and cattle. The findings identified two sets of genes that are associated with rumen evolution and lipid metabolism, respectively [4].

关键词：脂质代谢生物学瘤胃解密多组全基因组反刍家畜植物纤维

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Genome-scale analysis of demographic history and adaptive selection

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Protein & Cell 2014年第2期5卷 99-112页

作者： Qi Wu Pingping Zheng Yibu Hu Fuwen Wei Key Lab of animal ecology and conservation biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences

One of the main topics in population genetics is identification of adaptive selection among populations. For this purpose, population history should be correctly inferred to evaluate the effect of random drift and exclude it in selection identification. With the rapid progress in genomics in the past decade, vast genomescale variations are available for population genetic analysis, which however requires more sophisticated models to infer species' demographic history and robust methods to detect local adaptation. Here we aim to review what have been achieved in the fields of demographic modeling and selection detection. We summarize their rationales, implementations, and some classical applications. We also propose that some widely-used methods can be improved in both theoretical and practical aspects in near future.

关键词： genomics demographic history local adaptation natural selection

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Variations in diet composition of sympatric Trachypithecus francoisi and Macaca assamensis in the limestone habitats of Nonggang, China

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Zoological Research 2018年第4期39卷 284-290页

作者： Qi-Hai Zhou Zhong-Hao Huang Hua Wei Cheng-Ming Huang Key laboratory of ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection Ministry of Education Guangxi Key laboratory of Rare and Endangered animal ecology Guangxi Normal University Key laboratory of animal ecology and conservation biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Comparative studies of sympatric species are essential for understanding behavioral and ecological adaptation as well as the mechanisms that can reduce resource competition to allow coexistence. Francois＇ langurs （Trachypithecus francoisi） and Assamese macaques （Macaca assamensis） are sympatric primate species found in the limestone seasonal rainforests of Nonggang Nature Reserve, southwestern Guangxi, China. To explore their different adaptation strategies, we collected data on diet using scan sampling at 15-min intervals. Our results revealed that Francois＇ langurs showed a more flexible diet composition than Assamese macaques Francois＇ langurs increased dietary diversity and mature leaf consumption in response to seasonal scarcity of preferred young leaves and fruits, whereas Assamese macaques relied heavily on young bamboo leaves （Indocalamus calcicolus） in most months These variations reflect the differences in digestive physiology, morphology, and the temporal and spatial distribution of food resources.

关键词： Francois' iangurs Assamese macaques Diet composition Limestone habitat

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