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Metabolome and RNA-seq reveal discrepant metabolism and secretory metabolism profile in skeletal muscle between obese and lean pigs at different ages

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Liu Guo Junfei Xu Wenyue Zhou Sisi Chen Hanjing Shi Mengmeng Han Zekun Yang Yehui Duan Weijun Pang Yulong Yin Fengna Li laboratory of animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences laboratory of animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F University College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Metabolites and metabolism-related gene expression profiles in skeletal muscle change dramatically under obesity, aging and metabolic disease. Since obese and lean pigs are ideal models for metabolic research. Here, we compared metabolome and transcriptome of Longissimus dorsi(LD) muscle between Taoyuan black(TB, obese) and Duroc(lean) pigs at different ages. We defined the “window phase” of intramuscular fat(IMF) deposition in TB pig, which has significantly higher IMF than Duroc pig. Our results displayed discrepant lipid composition and different expression genes(DEGs) enriched in lipid metabolism, and both metabolome and transcriptome analyses revealed stronger energy expenditure and more active amino acid and protein metabolism in Duroc pig. 10 up-and 51 down-regulated biomarker metabolites with age-and breed-specificity were identified. Potential secretory metabolites, including organic acid(fumaric acid, succinate,malic acid, and gamma-aminobutyric acid), amino acid(L-lysine, and L-glutamic acid), lipid(2-hydroxyisovaleric acid, and L-carnitine) were demonstrated a significant correlation with IMF deposition. Our research highlights the huge difference of metabolic spectrum in skeletal muscle between obese and lean model and muscle-derived secretory metabolites might act as an ambassador of intercellular communication to regulate systematic metabolism.

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Bacterial indole-3-propionic acid inhibits macrophage IL-1β production through targeting methionine metabolism

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Ziyi Han Jian Fu Aiyan Gong Wenkai Ren State Key laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding College of Animal Science South China Agricultural University animal Disease-resistant Nutrition Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural University China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control

The gut microbiota plays key roles in host health by shaping the host immune responses through their metabolites, like indole derivatives from tryptophan. However, the direct role of these indole derivatives in macrophage fate decision and the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we found that bacterial indole-3-propionic acid(IPA) downregulates interleukin-1beta(IL-1β) production in M1 macrophages through inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) signaling. Mechanistically, IPA binds specifically with methionine adenosyltransferase 2A(MAT2A) to promote S-adenosylmethionine(SAM) synthesis, which facilitates the DNA methylation of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 16(USP16, a deubiquitinase), and in turn promotes Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) ubiquitination and NF-κB inhibition. Furthermore,IPA administration attenuates sepsis in mouse models induced by lipopolysaccharides(LPS), showcasing its potential as a microbial-derived adjunct in alleviating inflammation. Collectively, our findings reveal a newly found microbial metabolite-immune system regulatory pathway mediated by IPA.

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Copper homeostasis and neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3124-3143页

作者： Yuanyuan Wang Daidi Li Kaifei Xu Guoqing Wang Feng Zhang International Research laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of EducationLaboratory Animal Center and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou ProvinceZunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Copper,one of the most prolific transition metals in the body,is required for normal brain physiological activity and allows various functions to work normally through its range of *** homeostasis is meticulously maintained through a complex network of copper-dependent proteins,including copper transporters(CTR1 and CTR2),the two copper ion transporters the Cu-transporting ATPase 1(ATP7A)and Cu-transporting beta(ATP7B),and the three copper chaperones ATOX1,CCS,and *** in copper homeostasis can lead to either the deficiency or accumulation of copper in brain *** evidence suggests that abnormal copper metabolism or copper binding to various proteins,including ceruloplasmin and metallothionein,is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative ***,the exact mechanisms underlying these processes are not *** is a potent oxidant that increases reactive oxygen species production and promotes oxidative *** reactive oxygen species levels may further compromise mitochondrial integrity and cause mitochondrial *** oxygen species serve as key signaling molecules in copper-induced neuroinflammation,with elevated levels activating several critical inflammatory ***,copper can bind aberrantly to several neuronal proteins,including alphasynuclein,tau,superoxide dismutase 1,and huntingtin,thereby inducing neurotoxicity and ultimately cell *** study focuses on the latest literature evaluating the role of copper in neurodegenerative diseases,with a particular focus on copper-containing metalloenzymes and copper-binding proteins in the regulation of copper homeostasis and their involvement in neurodegenerative disease *** synthesizing the current findings on the functions of copper in oxidative stress,neuroinflammation,mitochondrial dysfunction,and protein misfolding,we aim to elucidate the mechanisms by which copper contributes to a wide range of heredit

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disease copper homeostasis copper toxicity Huntington's disease Menkes'disease multiple sclerosis neurodegenerative disease Parkinson's disease Wilson's disease

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Vocal repertoire of Azure-winged Magpies(Cyanopica cyanus):A context-associated communication system

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Avian Research 2023年第1期14卷 45-53页

作者： Xu Wang Fan Yu Haozhong Si Zhongqiu Li laboratory of animal behaviour and conservation School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNarying 20023Chine

Signals within animals’vocal communication are considered functional referential and *** in the absence of the context,receivers are expected to acquire the information of calls and respond specificallyWhereas the framework was supported by plenty of evidence,its exhaustivity in describing all animal vocalisations has been ***,we investigated the vocal repertoire of a cooperatively breeding species,Azure-winged Magpie(Cyanopica cyanus),to present evidence for referential *** results showed that Azure-winged Magpies had a relatively large vocal repertoire,consisting of twelve distinct *** calls were associated with the context including movement,begging for food,contact,vigilance against predators,***,even the predator-specific alarm calls would induce various responses of *** implies that multiple pieces of information are involved in the vocalisation,which could be utilised by the receiver to select an appropriate response based on the *** study gives a detailed description of the context and function of the vocal repertoire in Azure-winged Magpies,laying the foundation for further investigation on the developmental mechanisms of bird *** study also suggests that the referential signals of animal vocalisations may not be limited to the context-specific responses of receivers and need to be discussed from a broader perspective.

关键词： Amure wingeod Magpies behavioural ontext Reerential sigmals Vocal ammumication Vocal repertoire

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Effects of age, sex and manual task on hand preference in wild Rhinopithecus roxellana

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Zoological Research 2019年第2期40卷 129-138页

作者： Wei-Wei Fu Xiao-Wei Wang Cheng-Liang Wang Hai-Tao Zhao Yi Ren Bao-Guo Li Shaanxi Key laboratory for animal conservation Shaanxi Institute of Zoology Shaanxi Key laboratory for animal conservation College of Life Sciences Northwest University Center for Excellence in animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Golden snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus roxellana),as typical arboreal group-living Old World monkeys,provide an appropriate animal model to research manual laterality and explore the factors affecting hand preference in non-human primates(NHP).This study investigated hand preference based on63 subjects and four spontaneous manual tasks(including unimanual and bimanual feeding and grooming), and assessed the effects of age, gender and type of task on handedness in R. roxellana.A population-level left-handedness was found not only in the bimanual coordinated tasks(bimanual feeding and grooming), but also in one unimanual reaching task(unimanual feeding). There were no significant differences between the sexes in either direction or strength of hand preference among any task. However, a significant difference between adults and juveniles was found in the unimanual feeding task. This is the first report on handedness in unimanual and bimanual feeding tasks that require bipedal posture in wild R. roxellana. Furthermore,this study demonstrated spontaneous feeding tasks reported previously only in the quadrupedal posture in this species, supporting the importance of factors such as posture and task complexity in the evolution of primate manual lateralization.

关键词： Handedness Unimanual reaching Bimanual coordination Sex Age

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Oligodendroglial heterogeneity in health,disease,and recovery:deeper insights into myelin dynamics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3179-3192页

作者： Pieter-Jan Serneels Julie D.De Schutter Lies De Groef Lieve Moons Steven Bergmans KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionNeural Circuit Development&Regeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionCellular Communication&Neurodegeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium

Decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and ***,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing *** forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature *** new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological *** this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across ***,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating ***,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination ***,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.

关键词： animal models demyelination fish mammals multiple sclerosis myelin neurodegeneration oligodendrocytes oligodendroglial lineage remyelination

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animal models to study Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV co-infection

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Zoological Research 2014年第3期35卷 163-169页

作者： Ming GUO Wen-Zhe HO Center for animal Experiment/animal Biosafety Level Ⅲ laboratory Wuhan University

Mycobacterium tuberculosis(***) and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) co-infection has become a public health issue worldwide. Up to now, there have been many unresolved issues either in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of ***/HIV coinfection or in the basic understanding of the mechanisms for the impairments to the immune system by interactions of these two pathogens. One important reason for these unsolved issues is the lack of appropriate animal models for the study of ***/HIV coinfection. This paper reviews the recent development of research on the animal models of ***/HIV co-infection, with a focus on the non-human primate models.

关键词： HIV Mycobacterium tuberculosis Co-infection animal model

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Matrix metalloproteinase 2 contributes to adult eclosion and immune response in the small hive beetle,Aethina tumida

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 733-747页

作者： Lixian Wu Yajing Xu Liangbin Li Dainan Cao Fang Liu Hongxia Zhao Guangdong Key Laboratssory of animal conservation and Resource Utilization Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and UtilizationInstitute of ZoologyGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina

During the pupal-adult eclosion process of holometabolous insects,the old cuticle is shed and replaced by a completely different new cuticle that requires tanning and expansion,along with extensive extracellular matrix(ECM)*** vertebrates,matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs),a class of zinc-dependent endopeptidases,play key roles in regulating the ECM that surrounds ***,little is known about these extracellular proteinases available in *** small hive beetle(SHB),Aethina tumida,is a widespread invasive parasite of honey *** this study,6 MMP homologs were identified in the SHB *** interference experiments showed that all 6 AtMmps are not required for the larval-pupal transition,only AtMmp2 was essential for pupal-adult eclosion in *** of AtMmp2 resulted in eclosion defects and wing expansion failure,as well as mortality within 3 d of adult *** analysis revealed that knockdown of AtMmp2 significantly increased expression of the Toll and Imd pathways,chitin metabolism,and cross-linking(such as the pro-phenoloxidase activating cascade pathway and the tyrosine-mediated cuticle sclerotization and pigmentation pathway).These data revealed evolutionarily conserved functions of Mmp2 in controlling adult eclosion and wing expansion,also provided a preliminary exploration of the novel function of regulating Toll and Imd pathways,as well as new insights into how MMPs regulate insect development and defense barriers.

关键词： Aethina tumida adult eclosion immune response matrix metalloproteinase RNAinterference

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Using unmanned aerial vehicles with thermal-image acquisition cameras for animal surveys:a case study on the Sichuan snub-nosed monkey in the Qinling Mountains

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第1期15卷 79-86页

作者： Gang HE Haitao YANG Ruliang PAN Yewen SUN Pengbin ZHENG Jinghua WANG Xuelin JIN Jingjie ZHANG Baoguo LI Songtao GUO Shaanxi Key laboratory for animal conservation College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi’anChina Shaanxi Institute of Zoology Shaanxi Academy of SciencesXi’anChina Key laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina Qinghai Provincial Key laboratory of animal Ecological Genomics XiningChina Center for Excellence in animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina

Following significant developments in technology,alternative devices have been applied in fieldwork for animal and plant ***-image acquisition cameras installed on unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have been used in animal surveys in the *** article demonstrates an example of how UAVs can be used in high mountainous regions,presenting a case study on the Sichuan snub-nosed monkey with a detection rate of 65.19%for positive individual *** also presents a model that can prospectively predict population size for a given animal species,which is based on combined initial work using UAVs and traditional surveys on the ground.A great potential advantage of UAVs is significantly shortening survey procedures,particularly for areas with high mountains and plateaus,such as the Himalayas,the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,Hengduan Mountains,the Yunnan-Gui Plateau and Qinling Mountains in China,where carrying out a traditional survey is extremely difficult,so that species and population surveys,particularly for critically endangered animals,are largely *** lack of data has impacted the management of endangered animals as well as the formulation and amendment of conservation strategies.

关键词： arboreal primates mountainous regions population size assessment thermal image unmanned aerial vehicles

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Can simple songs express useful signals for mate choice?

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Chinese Birds 2016年第2期7卷 110-115页

作者： Nan Lyu Jinlin Li Yue-Hua Sun Key laboratory of animal Ecology and conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Background:As one of the most elaborate and diverse sexual signals,bird songs are prominent among mate choice *** generally prefer mates with larger repertoire size,which promotes the evolution of song complex?***,there are also some songbirds that have far simpler and less diverse vocalizations,which have not been the focus of scientific *** Phylloscopus warblers are accomplished singers with complex *** contrast,Hume's Warbler(***) has extremely simple *** order to explore the song's function,its evolutionary sig?nificance and particularly to assess its possible relationship with parental investment,we studied mate choice of the subspecies *** in Lianhuashan National Nature Reserve,Gansu,***:We recorded body measurements and songs of breeding males and then explored their relationships with the date of clutch initiation,reasoning that the characteristics of males that are involved with early nesting activities reflect female mate *** also recorded egg size and body measurements of nestlings to assess the rela?tionship between parental investment and mate ***:We found that male wing and tail lengths were positively correlated with early clutch initiation as were songs characterized by short duration and rapid rise to maximum *** also found that early?breeding females did not lay large eggs,but produced more surviving young,which grew up ***:Female mate choice criteria in this bird include both visual signals and song *** study supports the hypothesis that females may judge male quality from quite subtle *** order to reduce the risk of predation,a preference for such inconspicuous male characteristics may be partially driven by high vulnerability of this warbler to predators as a ground?nesting species.

关键词： Bird song Sexual selection Mate choice Parental investment Hume's Warbler

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