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Breakthrough of Carbon-Ash Recalcitrance in Hydrochar via Molten Carbonate:engineering Mineral-Rich Biowaste Toward Sustainable Platform Carbon Materials

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engineering 2024年第5期36卷 167-177页

作者： Zihan Wang Leli Zhang Yuanhui Zhang Zhidan Liu laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy(E2E) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and EnvironmentMinistry of AgricultureCollege of Water Resources and Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of agricultural and Biological engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

The function-led design of porous hydrochar from mineral-rich biowaste for environmental applications inevitably suffers from carbon-ash ***,a method to alter the original carbon skeleton with ash remains elusive and hinders the availability of ***,we propose a facile strategy for breaking the rigid structure of carbon-ash coupled hydrochar using phase-tunable molten carbonates.A case system was designed in which livestock manure and NaHCO3 were used to prepare the activated hydrochar,and NH3 served as the target *** to the redox effect,we found that organic fractions significantly advanced the melting temperature of Na2CO3 below 800℃.The Na species steadily broke the carbon-ash interaction as the thermal intensity increased and transformed inorganic constituents to facilitate ash dissolution,rebuilding the hydrochar skeleton with abundant hierarchical channels and active defect *** surface polarity and mesopore distribution collectively governed the five cycles NH3 adsorption attenuation *** hydrochar delivered favorable potential for application with a maximum overall adsorption capacity of 100.49 mg·g^(-1).Integrated spectroscopic characterization and theoretical computations revealed that incorporating NH3 on the carbon surface could transfer electrons to chemisorbed oxygen,which promoted the oxidation of pyridine-N during *** work offers deep insight into the structure function correlation of hydrochar and inspires a more rational design of engineered hydrochar from high-ash biowaste.

关键词： Hydrochar Livestock manure Ammonia adsorption Deashing Oxygen activation

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engineering the future cereal crops with big biological data:toward intelligence-driven breeding by design

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第8期51卷 781-789页

作者： Lei Liu Jimin Zhan Jianbing Yan National Key laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China

How to feed 10 billion human populations is one of the challenges that need to be addressed in the following decades,especially under an unpredicted climate *** breeding,initiating from the phenotype-based selection by local farmers and developing into current biotechnology-based breeding,has played a critical role in securing the global food ***,regarding the changing environment and ever-increasing human population,can we breed outstanding crop varieties fast enough to achieve high productivity,good quality,and widespread adaptability?This review outlines the recent achievements in understanding cereal crop breeding,including the current knowledge about crop agronomic traits,newly developed techniques,crop big biological data research,and the possibility of integrating them for intelligence-driven breeding by design,which ushers in a new era of crop breeding practice and shapes the novel architecture of future *** review focuses on the major cereal crops,including rice,maize,and wheat,to explain how intelligence-driven breeding by design is becoming a reality.

关键词： Crop Big biological data Multi-omic Artificial intelligence Crop design breeding

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Bicarbonate used as a buffer for controlling nutrient solution pH value during the growth of hydroponic lettuce

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological engineering 2024年第3期17卷 59-67页

作者： Mengxue Zhang Wenxin Wang Luming Zhong Fang Ji Dongxian He Key laboratory of agricultural engineering in Structure and Environment of MARA College of Water Resources&Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Unstable pH of nutrient solution in hydroponic systems is a major obstacle to *** simplify the management of nutrient solution pH and attenuate negative effects of pH on plant growth,this study investigated the effect of different buffer salt additions on nutrient solution pH,ion uptake,growth and photosynthesis of Yamazaki lettuce,with the equivalent concentrations of macro-element *** results indicated that the pH of nutrient solution was buffered to varying degrees by the 2 mol/L HCO_(3)^(-),1 mol/L HCO_(3)^(-),and 0.33 mol/L HPO_(4)^(2-)The 0.33 mol/L HPO_(4)^(2-)treatment fluctuated most with a pH of 1.74 units,while the addition of HCO_(3)^(-)buffered nutrient solution pH was better,with higher pH values(7.2-7.7).The CK-pH control solution,1 mol/L HCO_(3)^(-)and 0.33 mol/L HPO_(4)^(2-)treatments all promoted the uptake of ion and then the growth of lettuce was better in comparison with the CK-pH no adjustment treatment,while the 2 mol/L HCO_(3)^(-)treatment inhibited K uptake and reduced the availability of Fe,the shoot and root fresh weight of lettuce decreased by 21.3%and 10.1%,*** addition,although the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate under 1 mol/L HCO_(3)^(-)and 0.33 mol/L HPO_(4)^(2-)treatments were significantly lower than the CK-pH control solution treatment,there were no significant differences in leaf length and leaf number of lettuce among them,and shoot fresh weight per plant was 83.09,82.95,and 78.92 g,*** conclusion,adding 1 mol/L HCO_(3)^(-)to the nutrient solution in a single dosage not only buffered the pH of nutrient solution better but also promoted ion uptake,it had no negative effects on the growth,photosynthesis and ion uptake of hydroponic lettuce in comparison with the CK-pH control solution ***,1 mol/L HCO_(3)^(-)can be used as a buffer during the growth of hydroponic lettuce and reduce frequent addition of acids or alkalis,and then simplify the management of nut

关键词： pH buffer nutrient solution hydroponic lettuce growth ion uptake

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Plastid engineering with an efficient RNAi delivery system based on bacteriophage MS2 virus-like particles enhances plant resistance to cotton bollworm

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 987-989页

作者： Chunmei Jiang Jinqiu Fu Fujun Li Kai Xia Shengchun Li Ling Chang Ralph Bock Jiang Zhang State Key laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme engineering School of Life SciencesHubei Hongshan LaboratoryHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureKey Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen518000China Max-Planck-Institut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Muhlenberg 114476Potsdam-GolmGermany

Dear Editor,RNA-based pesticides are approaching the market,offering great potential to control agricultural pests such as the coleopteran insect Diabrotica virgifera virgifera(Head et al.,2017).However,application to lepidopteran pests has been hampered by their inconsistent response to RNA interference(RNAi).As a notorious lepidoptera pest,Helicoverpa armigera feeds on over 300 species of host plants(Fu et al.,2022).Although transgenicplants expressingdouble-stranded RNAs or microRNAs that target essential insect genes can inhibit the growth of larvae,complete protection of the plants and efficient killing of this insect have not been achieved(Bally et al.,2020;Chung et al.,2021;Li et al.,2023).The relatively low RNAi efficiency in lepidopterans is mainly attributable to the degradation and intracellular sequestration of double-stranded RNA(Shukla et al.,2016;Zhu and Palli,2020).To overcome these obstacles and improve RNAi efficiency in ***,we attempted to deliver RNAi molecules using a bacteriophage MS2 virus-like particle(VLP)-based delivery system(Wang et al.,2016).

关键词： overcome offering approaching

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Revealing the Structure-Property Difference of Natural Rubber Prepared by Different Methods: Protein and Gel Content are Key Factors

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 457-467页

作者： Shao-Qi Huang Jun-Qi Zhang Yong Zhu Ling-Min Kong Lu-Sheng Liao Fu-Quan Zhang Zheng-Tian Xie Jin-Rong Wu State Key laboratory of Polymer Materials engineering College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China Hainan Provincial Key laboratory of Natural Rubber Processing Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesZhanjiang524001China

Natural rubber (NR) is widely used in various fields including aerospace, military industry and transportation due to its superior elasticity and comprehensive mechanical properties. Nonetheless, the commercial NR prepared by different methods usually exhibits different mechanical properties, primarily due to variations in processing conditions during the conversion from latex to bulk rubber material. Consequently, this poses challenges in scientific research and industrial production of NR. In order to assess the properties of various commercially available NR and identify key structural and compositional components, this study systematically compares and analyzes four representative NR raw materials: air dried sheet (ADS), ribbed smoked sheets (RSS), constant viscidity NR (CV), and whole field latex rubber (WF). The investigation focuses on evaluating their static mechanical behavior, SIC behavior, wear resistance, and fatigue resistance. The findings indicate that protein and gel content exhibit a crucial influence on the NR properties. These constituents contribute to the formation of a high-crosslinking density region, generating a heterogeneous network structure within the rubber. This structure amplifies strains during deformation, leading to earlier and stronger strain-induced crystallization (SIC). Among the four commercial NR brands, RSS demonstrates superior overall mechanical and dynamic properties owing to its high protein and gel content. This study serves as a valuable reference for comprehending the differences in properties among various commercial NR, thereby offering guidance for the actual processing and selection of NR.

关键词： Natural rubber Processingmethod Protein Gel content Property

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Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9 may be vertically transmitted from mother to infant during lactation based on faeces metagenomics

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 721-728页

作者： Lan Yang Lai-Yu Kwok Zhihong Sun Heping Zhang Key laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and engineering Ministry of EducationInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China Key laboratory of Dairy Products Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China Inner Mongolia Key laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China

Probiotics exert beneficial effects on the *** study aimed to investigate whether maternally ingested Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9 during pregnancy could access and colonize the infant *** study recruited one pregnant woman,who ingested Probio-M9 daily from 35 weeks of gestation to *** of the mother-infant pair were regularly collected from one month before delivery to 6 months of infant's age for metagenomic ***-M9 genomes were mappable to all infant fecal samples,suggesting the ingested probiotics could be vertically transmitted from mother to ***-or mother-specific differential metabolic pathways were found between the maternal and infant's gut microbiome,implicating apparent differences in the intestinal metagenomic potential/function between the mother and the *** conclusion,maternal ingestion of Probio-M9 during the final weeks of gestation could deliver to the infant *** findings provided novel insights into shaping infant's gut microbiota.

关键词： Metagenomic analysis Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Gut microbiome Mother Infant

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Cost-Sensitive Dual-Stream Residual Networks for Imbalanced Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 4243-4261页

作者： Congcong Ma Jiaqi Mi Wanlin Gao Sha Tao College of Information and Electrical engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China Key laboratory of agricultural Informatization Standardization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China

Imbalanced data classification is the task of classifying datasets where there is a significant disparity in the number of samples between different *** task is prevalent in practical scenarios such as industrial fault diagnosis,network intrusion detection,cancer detection,*** imbalanced classification tasks,the focus is typically on achieving high recognition accuracy for the minority ***,due to the challenges presented by imbalanced multi-class datasets,such as the scarcity of samples in minority classes and complex inter-class relationships with overlapping boundaries,existing methods often do not perform well in multi-class imbalanced data classification tasks,particularly in terms of recognizing minority classes with high ***,this paper proposes a multi-class imbalanced data classification method called CSDSResNet,which is based on a cost-sensitive dualstream residual ***,to address the issue of limited samples in the minority class within imbalanced datasets,a dual-stream residual network backbone structure is designed to enhance the model’s feature extraction ***,considering the complexities arising fromimbalanced inter-class sample quantities and imbalanced inter-class overlapping boundaries in multi-class imbalanced datasets,a unique cost-sensitive loss function is *** loss function places more emphasis on the minority class and the challenging classes with high interclass similarity,thereby improving the model’s classification ***,the effectiveness and generalization of the proposed method,CSDSResNet,are evaluated on two datasets:‘DryBeans’and‘Electric Motor Defects’.The experimental results demonstrate that CSDSResNet achieves the best performance on imbalanced datasets,with macro_F1-score values improving by 2.9%and 1.9%on the two datasets compared to current state-of-the-art classification methods,***,it achieves the highest precision in single-class r

关键词： Deep learning imbalanced data classification fault diagnosis cost-sensitivity

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A near-complete genome sequence of einkorn wheat provides insight into the evolution of wheat A subgenomes

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Plant Communications 2024年第5期5卷 5-8页

作者： Xiangfeng Wang Hongna Li Tao Shen Xinrui Wang Shu Yi Tan Meng Jie Sun Xiaoliang Wang Xiaojian Qu Shisheng Chen Li Guo National Key laboratory of Wheat Improvement Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural SciencesShandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in WeifangShandong 261325China China agricultural University College of Information and Electrical EngineeringBeijing 100083China

Dear Editor,Triticum monococcum ***(2n=2x=14,AmAm),commonly known as einkorn wheat,is one of the oldest cereal crops and was domesticated in southeastern Turkey about 12000 years ago(Heun et al.,1997).This species played a significant role in the development of agriculture and was widely cultivated for centuries in the Middle East,Europe,Central Asia,and Africa before being replaced by free-threshing polyploid *** monococcum is closely related to ***(genome Au Au),the donor of the A genome in durum and bread wheat(Dvorak et al.,1988).

关键词： Triticum crops cultivated

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Neural partially linear additive model

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第6期18卷 186334-186334页

作者： ZHU Liangxuan LI Han ZHANG Xuelin WU Lingjuan CHEN Hong College of Informatics Huazhong agricultural University engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Agriculture (Ministry of Education) Huazhong agricultural University Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health Huazhong agricultural University Shenzhen Branch Guangdong laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Genome Analysis laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of agricultural Sciences

Interpretability has drawn increasing attention in machine learning. Most works focus on post-hoc explanations rather than building a self-explaining model. So, we propose a Neural Partially Linear Additive Model (NPLAM), which automatically distinguishes insignificant, linear, and nonlinear features in neural networks. On the one hand, neural network construction fits data better than spline function under the same parameter amount; on the other hand, learnable gate design and sparsity regular-term maintain the ability of feature selection and structure discovery. We theoretically establish the generalization error bounds of the proposed method with Rademacher complexity. Experiments based on both simulations and real-world datasets verify its good performance and interpretability.

关键词： feature selection structure discovery partially linear additive model neural network

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Antibonding orbital tailor and stress relief engineering for FeS2 complex toward superior sodium storage

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Rare Metals 2024年第10期43卷 5048-5059页

作者： You-Bin Zhang Zhen-Guo Qi Fu-Sheng Liu Guo-Hui Qin State Key laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical engineering College of Chemical EngineeringQingdao University of Science and Technology Shandong Synergetic Innovation Center of Ecological and Chemical engineering

The sluggish kinetics behaviors and vast volume variations of Na+hosts to FeS2anode involved intercalation,and conversion reactions plague its applicability of sodium-ion batteries （SIBs）.Here,a significantly expedited kinetics via cation intercalation and considerably relieved stress accumulation by constructing the concave scaffold protector are approached for *** Mn2+intercalation into FeS2,a new stable Mn–FeS2was generated with distorted coordination;elevated antibonding orbital occupancy and lowed d band center to the release of more free Na+were achieved,which was further encapsulated by hollow bowl-like carbon spheres （BC）This cation intercalation and concave morphology strategies confer Mn–FeS2@BC significantly enhanced electron ion transport kinetics via reversed electron transfer to FeS2fast desolvation kinetics,and evidently depressed structural deformation during Na+insertion and ***,Mn–FeS2@BC delivers the longevity and stable Na+storage capacity in both half and full cell ***,Mn–FeS2@BC also displays excellen adaptability in a wider temperature *** work proposes new views into the deep regulation of electrochemical performance of transition metal anodes via intercalation chemistry and concave engineering.

关键词： Concave engineering FeS2 Intercalation chemistry Sodium capture

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