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Insights into genetic diversity and phenotypic variations in domestic geese through comprehensive population and pan-genome analysis

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 88-107页

作者： Guangliang Gao Hongmei Zhang Jiangping Ni Xianzhi Zhao Keshan Zhang Jian Wang Xiangdong Kong Qigui Wang Chongqing Academy of animal Science Rongchang DistrictChongqing 402460China Livestock and Poultry Multi‑Omics Key laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs College of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Goose Genetic Improvement Rongchang DistrictChongqing 402460China Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Non‑Invasive Cardiology Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China Ultrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and biomechanics Key laboratory of Sichuan Province University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China JiguangGene Biotechnology Co. Ltd.Nanjing210032China Jiangsu Agri-animal Vocational College Taizhou225300China Poultry Science Institute Chongqing Academy of Animal ScienceNo.51 Changzhou AvenueRongchang DistrictChongqing 402460P.R.China

Background Domestic goose breeds are descended from either the Swan goose(Anser cygnoides)or the Greylag goose(Anser anser),exhibiting variations in body size,reproductive performance,egg production,feather color,and other phenotypic *** a pan-genome facilitates a thorough identification of genetic variations,thereby deepening our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying genetic diversity and phenotypic *** To comprehensively facilitate population genomic and pan-genomic analyses in geese,we embarked on the task of 659 geese whole genome resequencing data and compiling a database of 155 RNA-seq *** constructing the pan-genome for geese,we generated non-reference contigs totaling 612 Mb,unveiling a collection of 2,813 novel genes and pinpointing 15,567 core genes,1,324 softcore genes,2,734 shell genes,and 878 cloud genes in goose ***,we detected an 81.97 Mb genomic region showing signs of genome selection,encompassing the TGFBR2 gene correlated with variations in body weight among ***-wide association studies utilizing single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)and presence-absence variation revealed significant genomic associations with various goose meat quality,reproductive,and body composition *** instance,a gene encoding the SVEP1 protein was linked to carcass oblique length,and a distinct gene-CDS haplotype of the SVEP1 gene exhibited an association with carcass oblique ***,the pan-genome analysis revealed enrichment of variable genes in the“hair follicle maturation”Gene Ontology term,potentially linked to the selection of feather-related traits in geese.A gene presence-absence variation analysis suggested a reduced frequency of genes associated with“regulation of heart contraction”in domesticated geese compared to their wild *** study provided novel insights into gene expression features and functions by integrating gene expression patterns across multiple orga

关键词： Gene-CDS haplotype Goose GWAS Pan-genome Presence-absence variation Selection signal

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Mechanical sensor PDLIM5 promotes the osteogenesis of human adipose-derived stem cells through microfilament alterations

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 136-139页

作者： Yuchao Yang Shutong Wu Rongmei Qu Congrong Wang Jinyang Wang Asmat Ullah Khan You Pan Wenqing Liu Jinhui Zhu Muhammad Akram Khan Chujiang Xu Jingxing Dai Jun Ouyang Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Medical biomechanics&National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy Schoolof BasicMedical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China Department of laboratory Medicine Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China Department of Pathology Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 510080China Department of Breast Surgery Guangxi Medical University Cancer HospitalNanningGuangxi 530000China Department of Veterinary Pathology Faculty of Veterinary and Animal SciencesPMAS Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi 46300Pakistan Department of Orthopedics TCM-Integrated HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510000China

Bone regeneration is a multifaceted,abstract,and wellcoordinated physiological progression of bone formation that participates in continuous regeneration and remodeling throughout ***,when it comes to complex clinical situations requiring extensive bone regeneration,such as massive bone defects caused by injuries,infection,or tumor removal,traditional methods do not often yield good treatment strategies or protocols due to their limitations.

关键词： alterations injuries massive

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圆柱形肋支撑的薄翼在沉浮和挥拍运动中的空气动力响应

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2023年第9期39卷 52-65页

作者：朱博闻余永亮 laboratory for biomechanics of animal locomotion University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

本文提出了一种展向支撑肋的简化薄翼模型,用以研究蝙蝠膜翼中前肢和手指对空气动力学的影响.通过对肋增强的三维薄翼做沉浮运动和挥拍运动的数值研究,发现沉浮运动和挥拍运动产生的气动特性相似,展向安置的圆柱形肋只影响模型翼的弦向... 详细信息

本文提出了一种展向支撑肋的简化薄翼模型,用以研究蝙蝠膜翼中前肢和手指对空气动力学的影响.通过对肋增强的三维薄翼做沉浮运动和挥拍运动的数值研究,发现沉浮运动和挥拍运动产生的气动特性相似,展向安置的圆柱形肋只影响模型翼的弦向力,几乎不改变法向力.当前缘肋支撑的薄翼做中等或大幅度运动时,由于肋迎风面的大面积低压区域导致了推力的增加。当肋远离前缘放置时,影响迅速减小。在研究不同的来流条件后,发现当雷诺数大于1000时,展向肋对薄翼推力系数的增强与雷诺数无关。本研究将有助于仿生扑翼飞行器的薄翼的加强肋设计.

关键词：薄翼推力系数加强肋圆柱形空气动力学法向力迎风面雷诺数

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Bioinspiration review of Aquatic Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(AquaUAV)

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Biomimetic Intelligence & Robotics 2024年第2期4卷 1-11页

作者： Xinyang Wang Jjiawei Zhao Xuan Pei Tianmiao Wang Taogang Hou Xingbang Yang School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Department of Bioengineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Bejing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical EngineeringKey Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of EducationBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

The performance of Aquatic Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(AquaUAV)has always been limited so far and far from practical applications,due to insufficient propulsion,large-resistance structure ***-aquatic amphibians in nature may facilitate the development of AquaUAV since their excellent amphibious locomotion capabilities evolved under long-term natural *** article will take four typical aerial-aquatic amphibians as representatives,i.e.,gannet,cormorant,flying fish and flying *** summarized the multi-mode locomotion process of common aerial-aquatic amphibians and the evolutionary trade-offs they have made to adapt to amphibious *** four typical propulsion mechanisms were investigated,which may further inspire the propulsion design of the *** their morphological models could guide the layout ***,we reviewed the state of art in AquaUAV to validate the potential value of our bioinspiration,and discussed the futureprospects.

关键词： Aerial-aquatic amphibians Multi-mode locomotion trade-offs Propulsion mechanism Morphological design

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Hydrodynamic scaling law in undulatory braking locomotion

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2021年第7期64卷 108-119页

作者： QiangQiang Hu YongLiang Yu Lab of biomechanics for animal locomotion University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

Flow over a fish-like airfoil is numerically investigated to elaborate the hydrodynamics of the undulatory braking locomotion for an elongated eel-like body or long-based fin. For undulation with low frequency, we find that boundary layer separation occurs in a parameter region with wakes in which two vortex pairs are formed per undulatory period. The physical mechanism of separation is governed by the slip(the ratio of swimming-to-body-wave speed), and the critical value of the slip in an inertial flow regime is approximately 4/3 rather than 1, which is independent of steepness(or amplitude). The relationship between pressure drag and relative velocity(between phase speed and free stream velocity) changes from linear to quadratic, corresponding to two different flow structures;this happens due to boundary layer separation, and the piecewise scaling relationship between pressure drag and relative velocity is explicitly clarified. Considering the viscosity effects, the separation criterion and the scaling relationship in the case of an undulatory brake are both synthetically modified using the Reynolds number, with all the required parameters clearly expressed. The results of this study provide physical insight into understanding the flow structures and hydrodynamics of the undulatory braking locomotion, which has instructional significance to brake design.

关键词： fish swimming undulatory braking scaling law boundary layer separation resistance enhancement

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Aerodynamics and mechanisms of elementary morphing models for flapping wing in forward flight of bat

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2015年第5期36卷 669-680页

作者： Ziwu GUAN Yongliang YU The laboratory for biomechanics of animal locomotion University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of China

Large active wing deformation is a significant way to generate high aerodynamic forces required in bat＇s flapping flight. Besides the twisting, elementary morphing models of a bat wing are proposed, including wing-bending in the spanwise direction,wing-cambering in the chordwise direction, and wing area-changing. A plate of aspect ratio 3 is used to model a bat wing, and a three-dimensional unsteady panel method is used to predict the aerodynamic forces. It is found that the cambering model has great positive influence on the lift, followed by the area-changing model and then the bending model. Further study indicates that the vortex control is a main mechanism to produce high aerodynamic forces. The mechanisms of aerodynamic force enhancement are asymmetry of the cambered wing and amplification effects of wing area-changing and wing bending. Lift and thrust are generated mainly during downstroke, and they are almost negligible during upstroke by the integrated morphing model-wing.

关键词： elementary bending aerodynamic purely unsteady negligible vortex chord captured rectangular

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Aerodynamic mechanism of forces generated by twisting model-wing in bat flapping flight

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2014年第12期35卷 1607-1618页

作者：管子武余永亮 Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of China The laboratory for biomechanics of animal locomotion University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The aerodynamic mechanism of the bat wing membrane Mong the lateral border of its body is studied. The twist-morphing that alters the angle of attack （AOA） along the span-wise direction is observed widely during bat flapping flight. An assumption is made that the linearly distributed AOA is along the span-wise direction. The plate with the aspect ratio of 3 is used to model a bat wing. A three-dimensional （3D） unsteady panel method is used to predict the aerodynamic forces generated by the flapping plate with leading edge separation. It is found that, relative to the rigid wing flapping, twisting motion can increase the averaged lift by as much as 25% and produce thrust instead of drag. Furthermore, the aerodynamic forces （lift/drag） generated by a twisting plate-wing are similar to those of a pitching rigid-wing, meaning that the twisting in bat flight has the same function as the supination/pronation motion in insect flight.

关键词： bat wing twisting panel method aerodynamic mechanism

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A NUMERICAL STUDY ON MECHANISM OF S-STARTS OF NORTHERN PIKE (ESOX LUCIUS)

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2007年第2期19卷 135-142页

作者： HU Wen-rong TONG Bing-gang LIU Hao Department of Engineering Mechanics Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China laboratory for biomechanics of animal locomotion Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China laboratory for biomechanics of animal locomotion Graduate University of the Chinese Academy otSciences Beijing 100039 China Department of Electronics and Mechanical Engineering Chiba University Japan

Northern pike is regarded as a specialist in swimming acceleration. The force production mechanism of northern pike, Esox lucius, during its predation S-starts was numerically studied in this article. The problem was reasonably simplified to a loose-coupling problem of fish swimming dynamics and hydrodynamics just in the swimming direction. The approach involved the simulation of the flow by solving the two-dimensional unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and decribing the fish motion dynamics based on Newton＇s Second Law. Visualizations of flow fields and vortex structures were performed. The results show that the large acceleration is obtained mainly in the first undulatory cycle in which the amplitude increases. In the second cycle, a couple of vortices are generated and induce a jet. In the third cycle, the jet is strengthened by the mergence of the vortices in the same direction. Through discussing the effects of various controllable factors on the swimming performance, it is found that the actual locomotion mode of the northern pike in nature is just the best choice.

关键词： S-starts of fish swimming Navier-Stokesequations mechanism of force production

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Longitudinal bending stiffness does not affect running economy in Nike Vaporfly Shoes

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第3期11卷 285-292页

作者： Laura A.Healey Wouter Hoogkamer Integrative locomotion laboratory Department of KinesiologyUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003-9258USA

Purpose This study aimed to determine the independent effect of the curved carbon-fiber plate in the Nike Vaporfly 4%shoe on running economy and running *** Fifteen healthy male runners completed a metabolic protocol and a biomechanics *** both protocols participants wore 2 different shoes,an intact Nike Vaporfly 4%(VF_(intact))and a cut Nike Vaporfly 4%(VF_(cut)).The VF_(cut) had 6 medio-lateral cuts through the carbon-fiber plate in the forefoot to reduce the effectiveness of the *** the metabolic protocol,participants ran at 14 km/h for 5 min,twice with each shoe,on a force-measuring treadmill while we measured metabolic *** the biomechanics protocol,participants ran across a runway with embedded force plates at 14 km/*** calculated running economy,kinetics,and lower limb joint *** Running economy did not significantly differ between shoe conditions(on average,0.55%±1.77%(mean±SD))worse in the VF_(cut) compared to the VF_(intact);95%confidence interval(-1.44%to 0.40%).Biomechanical differences were only found in the metatarsophalangeal(MTP)joint with increased MTP dorsiflexion angle,angular velocity,and negative power in the VF_(cut).Contact time was 1%longer in the VF_(intact).Conclusion Cutting the carbon-fiber plate and reducing the longitudinal bending stiffness did not have a significant effect on the energy savings in the Nike Vaporfly 4%.This suggests that the plate's stiffening effect on the MTP joint plays a limited role in the reported energy savings,and instead savings are likely from a combination and interaction of the foam,geometry,and plate.

关键词： biomechanics Footwear Mechanical doping Metabolic rate Performance

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A NUMERICAL STUDY ON A SIMPLIFIED TAIL MODEL FOR TURNING FISH IN C-START

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2006年第2期18卷 135-142页

作者： YANG Yan TONG Bing-gang The laboratory for biomechanics of animal locomotion Graduate University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 China Department of Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China

Most freshwater fish are good at turning manoeuvres. A simulated fish tail model was numerically investigated and discussed in detail. This study deals with unsteady forces and moment exerted on the fish tail-fin in an initial sideways stroke and a subsequent return stroke motion, and visualizes the flow fields and vortex structures, in order to explore the flow control mechanism of the typical turning motion of fish. Further discussion on fluid dynamic consequences corresponding to two different bending forms of fish tail-fins in its C-start is given. The two-dimensional unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved with a developed pseudo-compressibility method to simulate the flow around the fish tail-fin. The computed results and the comparison with experiments indicate that （1） fish performs a turning motion of its body using the impulsive moment produced by the to-and-fro stroke, and each stage of the process exhibits its specific hydrodynamic characteristic, （2） fishes adopt two forms of tail-tip bend （single bend and double bend） to accomplish a C-start turning manoeuvre, in dependence of their physical situations and natural environments, （3） fish can control its turning motion by modulating some key kinematic parameters.

关键词： fish swimming turning manoeuvre C-start,tail fin locomotion 2D Navier-Stokes equations CFD physical mechanism optimal control

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