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Integrated multi-scale approach combining global homogenization and local refinement for multi-field analysis of high-temperature superconducting composite magnets

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Applied Mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 747-762页

作者： Hanxiao GUO Peifeng GAO Xingzhe WANG Key laboratory of mechanics on Western Disaster and Environment of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of EducationCollege of Civil Engineering and MechanicsLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Second-generation high-temperature superconducting(HTS)conductors,specifically rare earth-barium-copper-oxide(REBCO)coated conductor(CC)tapes,are promising candidates for high-energy and high-field superconducting *** respect to epoxy-impregnated REBCO composite magnets that comprise multilayer components,the thermomechanical characteristics of each component differ considerably under extremely low temperatures and strong electromagnetic *** numerical models include homogenized orthotropic models,which simplify overall field calculation but miss detailed multi-physics aspects,and full refinement(FR)ones that are thorough but computationally ***,we propose an extended multi-scale approach for analyzing the multi-field characteristics of an epoxy-impregnated composite magnet assembled by HTS pancake *** approach combines a global homogenization(GH)scheme based on the homogenized electromagnetic T-A model,a method for solving Maxwell's equations for superconducting materials based on the current vector potential T and the magnetic field vector potential A,and a homogenized orthotropic thermoelastic model to assess the electromagnetic and thermoelastic properties at the macroscopic *** then identify“dangerous regions”at the macroscopic scale and obtain finer details using a local refinement(LR)scheme to capture the responses of each component material in the HTS composite tapes at the mesoscopic *** results of the present GH-LR multi-scale approach agree well with those of the FR scheme and the experimental data in the literature,indicating that the present approach is accurate and *** proposed GH-LR multi-scale approach can serve as a valuable tool for evaluating the risk of failure in large-scale HTS composite magnets.

关键词： epoxy-impregnated high-temperature superconducting(HTS)magnet multi-scale method global homogenization(GH) local refinement(LR) multi-field analysis

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A vibration isolator with a controllable quasi-zero stiffness region based on nonlinear force design

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Applied Mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第8期45卷 1279-1294页

作者： Xinyu LIAN Bing LIU Huaxia DENG Xinglong GONG CAS Key laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of materials Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of China State Key laboratory of Nonlinear mechanics Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of Sciences State Key laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of China

To achieve stability optimization in low-frequency vibration control for precision instruments, this paper presents a quasi-zero stiffness(QZS) vibration isolator with adjustable nonlinear stiffness. Additionally, the stress-magnetism coupling model is established through meticulous theoretical derivation. The controllable QZS interval is constructed via parameter design and magnetic control, effectively segregating the high static stiffness bearing section from the QZS vibration isolation section. Furthermore, a displacement control scheme utilizing a magnetic force is proposed to regulate entry into the QZS working range for the vibration isolation platform. Experimental results demonstrate that the operation within this QZS region reduces the peak-to-peak acceleration signal by approximately 66.7% compared with the operation outside this region, thereby significantly improving the low frequency performance of the QZS vibration isolator.

关键词： 70K20 low frequency nonlinear O328 quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) vibration isolator

Bioinspired 3D flexible devices and functional systems

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 271-295页

作者： Xu Cheng Zhangming Shen Yihui Zhang Applied mechanics laboratory Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University

Flexible devices and functional systems with elaborated three-dimensional(3D) architectures can endow better mechanical/electrical performances, more design freedom, and unique functionalities, when compared to their two-dimensional(2D) counterparts. Such 3D flexible devices/systems are rapidly evolving in three primary directions, including the miniaturization, the increasingly merged physical/artificial intelligence and the enhanced adaptability and capabilities of heterogeneous *** challenges exist in this emerging research area, such as relatively poor controllability in the locomotion of soft robotic systems, mismatch of bioelectronic interfaces, and signal coupling in multi-parameter sensing. By virtue of long-time–optimized materials, structures and processes, natural organisms provide rich sources of inspiration to address these challenges, enabling the design and manufacture of many bioinspired 3D flexible devices/systems. In this Review, we focus on bioinspired 3D flexible devices and functional systems, and summarize their representative design concepts, manufacturing methods, principles of structure-function relationship and broad-ranging applications. Discussions on existing challenges, potential solutions and future opportunities are also provided to usher in further research efforts toward realizing bioinspired 3D flexible devices/systems with precisely programmed shapes,enhanced mechanical/electrical performances, and high-level physical/artificial intelligence.

关键词： bioinspired designs biomimetic 3D structures 3D flexible electronics 3D functional systems direct 3D manufacture 2D-to-3D assembly

Quasi-plastic deformation mechanisms and inverse Hall-Petch relationship in nanocrystalline boron carbide under compression

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 405-413页

作者：岳珍李君刘立胜梅海 Hubei Key laboratory of Theory and Application of Advanced materials mechanics Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Grain boundaries(GBs)play a significant role in the deformation behaviors of nanocrystalline ***,we investigate the compression behaviors of nanocrystalline boron carbide(nB_(4)C)with varying grain sizes using molecular dynamics simulations with a machine-learning force *** results reveal quasi-plastic deformation mechanisms in nB_(4)C:GB sliding,intergranular amorphization and intragranular *** sliding arises from the presence of soft GBs,leading to intergranular *** amorphization arises from the interaction between grains with unfavorable orientations and the softened amorphous GBs,and finally causes structural ***,nB_(4)C models with varying grain sizes from 4.07 nm to 10.86 nm display an inverse Hall-Petch relationship due to the GB sliding mechanism.A higher strain rate in nB_(4)C often leads to a higher yield strength,following a 2/3 power *** deformation mechanisms are critical for the design of ceramics with superior mechanical properties.

关键词： nanocrystalline boron carbide compression grain boundary sliding amorphization inverse Hall–Petch behavior

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Ultra-wide band gap and wave attenuation mechanism of a novel star-shaped chiral metamaterial

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Applied Mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第7期45卷 1261-1278页

作者： Shuo WANG Anshuai WANG Yansen WU Xiaofeng LI Yongtao SUN Zhaozhan ZHANG Qian DING G.D.AYALEW Yunxiang MA Qingyu LIN Department of mechanics Tianjin University Tianjin Key laboratory of Nonlinear Dynamics and Control Tianjin University State Key laboratory of Metastable materials Science and Technology Yanshan University

A novel hollow star-shaped chiral metamaterial(SCM) is proposed by incorporating chiral structural properties into the standard hollow star-shaped metamaterial, exhibiting a wide band gap over 1 500 Hz. To broaden the band gap,solid single-phase and two-phase SCMs are designed and simulated, which produce two ultra-wide band gaps(approximately 5 116 Hz and 6 027 Hz, respectively). The main reason for the formation of the ultra-wide band gap is that the rotational vibration of the concave star of two novel SCMs drains the energy of an elastic wave. The impacts of the concave angle of a single-phase SCM and the resonator radius of a two-phase SCM on the band gaps are studied. Decreasing the concave angle leads to an increase in the width of the widest band gap, and the width of the widest band gap increases as the resonator radius of the two-phase SCM increases. Additionally,the study on elastic wave propagation characteristics involves analyzing frequency dispersion surfaces, wave propagation directions, group velocities, and phase velocities. Ultimately, the analysis focuses on the transmission properties of finite periodic structures. The solid single-phase SCM achieves a maximum vibration attenuation over 800, while the width of the band gap is smaller than that of the two-phase SCM. Both metamaterials exhibit high vibration attenuation capabilities, which can be used in wideband vibration reduction to satisfy the requirement of ultra-wide frequencies.

关键词： metamaterial ultra-wide band gap wave propagation vibration suppression O421 + .5 74H45

Macro Meso Response and Stress Wave Propagation Characteristics of MCT High-Voltage Switch Under Shock load

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 317-335页

作者： Yuyang Guo Chuang Chen Ruizhi Wang Enling Tang Key laboratory of Transient Physical mechanics and Energy Conversion materials of Liaoning Province Shenyang Ligong UniversityShenyang110159LiaoningChina

In order to study the dynamic and electrical coupling response characteristics of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Controlled Thyristor(MCT)high-voltage switch under the synergic action of mechanical load and high voltage,the separated Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)test system was used to simulate different impact load environments,and combined with the multi-layer high-voltage ceramic capacitor charging and discharging system,the instantaneous electrical signals of MCT high-voltage switch were *** with numerical simulation and theoretical analysis,the failure mode and stress wave propagation characteristics of MCT high voltage switch were *** mechanical and electrical coupling response characteristics and failure mechanism of MCT high voltage switch under dynamic load were revealed from macroscopic and microscopic *** results show that the damage modes of MCT high-voltage switches can be divided into non-functional damage,recoverable functional damage,non-recoverable damage and structural *** to the gap between the metal gate and the oxide layer,the insulating oxide layer was *** placing for a period of time,the elastic deformation of the metal gate partially recovered and the accumulated charge disappeared,which induced the recoverable functional damage failure of the *** addition,obvious cracks appeared on both sides of the monocrystalline silicon inside the MCT high-voltage switch,leading to unrecoverable damage of the device.

关键词： MCT Impact load Failure analysis Stress wave Numerical simulation

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Crack identification in concrete, using digital image correlation and neural network

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 536-550页

作者： Jingyi WANG Dong LEI Kaiyang ZHOU Jintao HE Feipeng ZHU Pengxiang BAI College of mechanics and materials Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China

In engineering applications,concrete crack monitoring is very *** methods are of low efficiency,low accuracy,have poor timeliness,and are applicable in only a limited number of ***,more comprehensive detection of concrete damage under different scenarios is of high value for practical engineering *** image correlation(DIC)technology can provide a large amount of experimental data,and neural network(NN)can process very rich ***,NN,including convolutional neural networks(CNN)and back propagation neural networks(BP),can be combined with DIC technology to analyze experimental data of three-point bending of plain concrete and four-point bending of reinforced *** addition,strain parameters can be used for training,and displacement parameters can be added for comprehensive *** data obtained by DIC technology are grouped for training,and the recognition results of NN show that the combination of strain and displacement parameters,i.e.,the response of specimen surface and whole body,can make results more objective and *** identification results obtained by CNN and BP show that these technologies can accurately identify *** identification results for reinforced concrete specimens are less affected by noise than those of plain concrete *** is more convenient because it can identify some features directly from images,recognizing the cracks formed by macro *** can issue early warning of the microscopic cracks,but it requires a large amount of data and *** can be seen that CNN is more intuitive and efficient in image processing,and is suitable when low accuracy is adequate,while BP is suitable for occasions with greater accuracy *** two tools have advantages in different situations,and together they can play an important role in engineering monitoring.

关键词： digital image correlation convolutional neural network back propagation neural neural network damage detection concrete

Numerical Analysis of Permeability of Functionally Graded Scaffolds

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Fluid Dynamics & materials Processing 2024年第7期20卷 1463-1479页

作者： Dmitry Bratsun Natalia Elenskaya Ramil Siraev Mikhail Tashkinov laboratory of mechanics of Biocompatible materials and Devices Perm National Research Polytechnic UniversityPerm614990Russia

In this work,we numerically study the hydrodynamic permeability of new-generation artificial porous materials used as scaffolds for cell growth in a perfusion *** consider two popular solid matrix designs based on triply periodic minimal surfaces,the Schwarz P(primitive)and D(diamond)surfaces,which enable the creation of materials with controlled porosity *** latter property is crucial for regulating the shear stress field in the pores of the scaffold,which makes it possible to control the intensity of cell *** permeability of functionally graded materials is studied within the framework of both a microscopic approach based on the Navier-Stokes equation and an averaged description of the liquid filtration through a porous medium based on the equations of the Darcy or Forchheimer *** calculate the permeability coefficients for both types of solid matrices formed by Schwarz surfaces,study their properties concerning forward and reverse fluid flows,and determine the ranges of Reynolds number for which the description within the Darcy or Forchheimer model is ***,we obtain a shear stress field that varies along the sample,demonstrating the ability to tune spatially the rate of tissue growth.

关键词： Porous media ﬁltration models scaffolds functionally graded materials

Improving the mechanical properties and inhibiting strain softening behavior of the biodegradable Zn-0.06Mg alloy via ECAP plus rolling processing

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Progress in Natural Science:materials International 2024年第1期34卷 45-55页

作者： Chengwei Ji Aibin Ma Jinghua Jiang Dan Song Huan Liu Liwen Zhao Xuefei Fang College of mechanics and materials Hohai University Suqian Institute Hohai University

The practical application of micro-alloying Zn–Mg alloys is limited due to their poor mechanical properties and evident strain softening behavior. Therefore, this paper proposed the utilization of ECAP plus rolling processing as an innovative approach to potentially address these limitations. Herein, effects of ECAP and rolling processing on the microstructures, mechanical properties and strain softening behavior were investigated. It was found that the grain refinement achieved through 1-pass ECAP and 8-pass ECAP processing differed significantly, and subsequent rolling processing can further regulate grain size and dislocation distribution. The 1-pass ECAP plus cold rolling(1p-CR), 1-pass ECAP plus hot-cold rolling(1p-HC), and 8-pass ECAP plus hot-cold rolling(8p-HC) processed alloys exhibited heterostructure characterized by fine grains encircling coarse grains. Additionally, regions with high density dislocations were uniformly distributed alongside regions with low density dislocations. This unique microstructure promoted the accumulation and interaction of dislocation during deformation, resulting in the inhibition of strain softening behavior while maintaining high strength and high elongation. Therefore, the 1p-CR, 1p-HC, and 8p-HC alloys demonstrated excellent formability and mechanical stability while meeting the required mechanical properties for implant materials, which highlight their significant potential for practical applications.

关键词： Zn-Mg alloys ECAP Rolling Mechanical properties Strain softening behavior