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An Overview of BCC Climate System Model development and Application for Climate Change Studies

Journal of Meteorological Research 2014年第1期28卷 34-56页

作者：吴统文宋连春李伟平王在志张华辛晓歌张艳武张莉李江龙吴方华刘一鸣张芳史学丽储敏张洁房永杰汪方路屹雄刘向文魏敏刘茜霞周文艳董敏赵其庚季劲钧 Laurent LI 周明煜 National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration(CMA) National Meteorological Information Center CMA laboratoire de meteorologie dynamique National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center

This paper reviews recent progress in the development of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model （BCC_CSM） and its four component models （atmosphere, land surface, ocean, and sea ice）. Two recent versions are described： BCC_CSMI.1 with coarse resolution （approximately 2.8125°× 2.8125°） and BCC_CSMI.I（m） with moderate resolution （approximately 1.125°×1.125°）. Both versions are fully cou- pled climate-carbon cycle models that simulate the global terrestrial and oceanic carbon cycles and include dynamic vegetation. Both models well simulate the concentration and temporal evolution of atmospheric CO2 during the 20th century with anthropogenic CO2 emissions prescribed. Simulations using these two versions of the BCC_CSM model have been contributed to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase five （CMIP5） in support of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change （1PCC） Fifth Assessment Report （AR5）. These simulations are available for use by both national and international communities for investigating global climate change and for future climate projections. Simulations of the 20th century climate using BCC-CSMI.1 and BCC_CSMI.I（m） are presented and validated, with particular focus on the spatial pattern and seasonal evolution of precipitation and surface air temperature on global and continental scales. Simulations of climate during the last millennium and projections of climate change during the next century are also presented and discussed. Both BCC_CSMI.1 and BCC_CSMI.I（m） perform well when compared with other CMIP5 models. Preliminary analyses in- dicate that the higher resolution in BCC CSMI.I（m） improves the simulation of mean climate relative to BCC_CSMI.1, particularly on regional scales.

关键词： Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model (BCC_ CSM) atmospheric general circulationmodel land surface model oceanic general circulation model sea ice model

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Features of aerosol optical depth and its relation to extreme temperatures in China during 1980–2001

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2011年第2期30卷 33-45页

作者： HU Ting SUN Zhaobo LI Zhaoxin Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Nanjing University of Information Scienceand Technology Nanjing 210044 China The department of Atmospheric Science Nanjing University of Information Science andTechnology Nanjing 210044 China laboratoire de meteorologie dynamique CNRS France

Based on Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer （TOMS） monthly aerosol optical thickness （AOT） measurements in 1980–2001 a study is made of space/time patterns and difference between land and sea of AOT 0.50 μm thick over China,which are put into correlation analysis with synchronous extreme temperature indices （warm/cold day and night）.Results suggest that 1） the long-term mean AOT over China is characterized by typical geography,with pronounced land-sea *** AOT has significant seasonality and its seasonal difference is diminished as a function of latitude.2） On the whole,the AOT displays an appreciably increasing trend,with the distinct increase in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and SW China,North China,the mid-lower Changjiang （MiLY） valley as well as the South China Sea,but marginal decrease over western/northern Xinjiang and part of South China.3） The AOT over land and sea is marked by conspicuous intra-seasonal and -yearly oscillations,with remarkable periods at one-,two-yr and more （as interannual periods）.4） Land AOT change is well correlated with extremely temperature ***,the correlations of AOT to the extreme temperature indices are more significant in Eastern China with 110 ° E as the *** high-correlation regions are along the Southern China coastline,the Loess Plateau and the Sichuan Basin,and even higher in North China Plain and the mid-lower Changjiang River reaches.5） Simulations of LMDZ-regional model indicate that aerosol effects may result in cooling all over China,particularly in Eastern *** contribution of aerosol change may result in more decrease in the maximum temperature than the minimum,with decrease of 0.11/0.08 K for zonal average,respectively.

关键词： aerosol optical thickness extreme temperature index space/time pattern trend correlation

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ITF in a coupled GCM and its interannual variability related to ENSO and IOD

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2006年第1期25卷 32-47页

作者： LI Wei LI Zhaoxin LIU Hailong State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China laboratoire de meteorologie dynamique CNRS Universite Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France

The interannual variability of the mass transport of the Indonesian Throughflow （ITF） is very possible to be connected with the E1 Nino-Southem Oscillation （ENSO） in the Pacific Ocean and/or the Indian Ocean Dipole （IOD）. The IPSL （Institute Pierre-Simon Laplace） coupled general circulation model （CGCM） was employed to examine the interannual variability of the ITF and understand its relationship with the climatic variation in both the basins. A 1 000 a integration was conducted and an annual mean model output was utilized. The pathways of the simulated ITF are reasonable within the Indonesian seas. The major transport occurs in the upper 300 m, with an annual mean transport of 15.68×106 m^3/s, among which the 13.83×1^6 m^3/s through the Makassar Strait is the principal component. The interannual variability of the ITF transport is significant in a 2～4 a period. The relationship between sea level differences across the Indonesian seas （sites in the western Pacific north of the equator and south coast of Java, respectively） and the ITF transport is straightforward on the interannual time-scale with a simultaneous correlation of 0.82. Further investigation indicates that the preceding climatic variation in the tropical Pacific is related to the ITF transport anomaly. The ENSO-like pattem leads the extreme of ITF transport by 1 a, with the correlation between a Nifio 3 SST index and the ITF transport of 0.37. It means that there tends to be an E1 Nino anomaly in the Pacific 1 a before a large ITF transport. The simultaneous correlation between the Nino 3 SST index and the ITF transport is -0.34. The patterns of sea surface temperature and sea surface height are, however, not the typical ENSO anomaly. The ITF transport is more related to the concurrent interannual variability over the Indian Ocean. The simultaneous correlation between the ITF transport and the dipole mode index is 0.46 and the pattem of upper layer anomaly is much like that of the IOD.

关键词： Indonesian Throughflow ENSO interannual variability

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Paleoclimate and Paleoenvironment of Gonghe Basin, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, During the Lastdeglacial: Weathering, Erosion and Vegetation Cover Affect Clay Mineral Formation

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第2期88卷 647-660页

作者： SUN Qingfeng Christophe COLIN Faculty of Geography Northwest Normal University laboratoire des Interactions et dynamique des Environnements de Surface (IdeS) UMR 8148CNRS Université de Paris-Sud

With the analysis of the sources and formation mechanism of the clay minerals in the sediment core from the Dalianhai lake in the Gonghe Basin,northeastern Tibet-Qinghai Plateau,clay mineral composition proxies,grain-size and carbonate contents have been employed for high-resolution study in order to reconstruct East Asian Summer Monsoon （EASM） over the northeastern Tibet-Qinghai Plateau during the *** study also extended to establish a relationship between vegetation cover changes and erosion during the last 14.5 ka with pollen record and clay mineral ***/kaolinite and smectite/（illite＋chlorite） ratios allow us to assess hydrolysis conditions in lowlands and/or physical erosion process in highlands of the Gonghe *** 12.9 Cal ka BP,both mineralogical ratios show low values indicative of strong physical erosion in the basin with a dominant cold and dry *** 12.9 Cal ka BP,an increase in both mineralogical ratios indicates enhanced chemical weathering in the basin associated with a warm and humid *** beginning of Holocene is characterized by high smectite/（illite＋chlorite） and smectite/kaolinite ratios that is synchronous as with deposition of many peat laminae,implying the best warm and humid conditions specifically between 8.0 to 5.5 Cal ka *** time interval after 5.0 Cai ka BP is characterized by a return to high physical erosion and low chemical weathering with dry climate conditions in the *** variations of clay mineral assemblages with previous pollen results,we observe a rapid response in terms of chemical weathering and physical erosion intensity to a modification of the vegetation cover in the basin.

关键词： clay minerals vegetation Gonghe Basin Tibet-Qinghai Plateau Asian monsoon Holocene

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Professor Liu definitively Stays in My Pantheon

Professor Liu Definitively Stays in My Pantheon

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作者： denis-Didier Rousseau INSU-CNRS and Ecole Normale Superieure Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique and ERTI-CERES

Learning about Professor Liu’s death has been a tremendous earthquake,which shocked my brain!I received so numerous aftermaths after this sad news because he was a colleague,a great scientist,but also a *** terrible ...

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Dynamic characteristics of a cyclic-periodic structure with a piezoelectric network

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2015年第5期28卷 1426-1437页

作者： Li Lin deng Pengcheng Fan Yu School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang University Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Aero-Engine laboratoire de Tribologie et dynamique des Systemes Ecole Centrale de Lyon – 36Avenue Guy de Collongues Ecully 69134 France

This paper deals with a cyclic-periodic structure with a piezoelectric network. In such a system, there is not only mechanical connection but also electrical connection between adjacent periodic sectors. The objective is to learn whether the presence of a piezoelectric network would change the dynamic characteristics of the system. The background of the research is about vibration reduction of a bladed disk in an aero-engine, and the system is simulated by a lumped parameter model. The dynamic equations of the system are derived, and then the analytical solution corresponding to the eigenvalue problem is given. The vibration responses to single traveling wave excitations （EO excitations） and multiple traveling wave excitations （NEO excitations） are studied. The results show that the presence of a piezoelectric network would change the natural frequencies of the system compared with those of the system with the piezoelectric shunt circuit. The forced response is sensitive to the connection type and the elements of the network. An energy analysis of the electro-mechanical coupling system has been performed to understand its dynamic behavior, and the following conclusion is obtained： a vibration reduction to excitations whose primary har- monic component is not zero can be achieved by a parallel piezoelectric network, while a reduction to other excitations should be based on a series piezoelectric network.

关键词： Cyclic-periodic structures Electro-mechanical dynamicbehavior Energy analysis Piezoelectric networks Vibration reduction

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Hysteresis and the nonlinear equivalent piezoelectric coefficient of MFCs for actuation

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2017年第1期30卷 88-98页

作者： Xue Zheng Li Lin M.N.Ichchou Li Chao School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Aero-Engine Beijing China laboratoire de Tribologie et dynamique des Systemes (LTDS) UMR 5513 Ecole Centrale de Lyon Ecully France

The hysteretic behavior and nonlinearity of the equivalent material coefficient of macro fiber composites（MFC） under staircase input conditions are investigated using the Preisach *** on a database of first order reversal curves, formulas are derived to predict the hysteresis of strain output and nonlinearity of the equivalent piezoelectric coefficient of MFCs. Formulae are verified by comparing the predicted strains with the measured strains of three MFC specimens,which are driven by a random sequence of staircase voltage inputs. The coefficients obtained by the formulae and experimentation coincide. Further results indicate that the equivalent piezoelectric strain coefficient depends greatly on the value of drive voltage across the entire input range, and the coefficient is asymmetric across the negative and positive input ranges. deflection testing of an MFC composite cantilever demonstrates the importance of taking the nonlinearity of the equivalent piezoelectric coefficient into consideration in the application of actuation.

关键词： Hysteresis Macro fiber composite Nonlinear piezoelectric coef-ficients Piezoelectric materials Preisach model

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Effects of seed type and bruchid genotype on the performance and oviposition behavior of Zabrotes subfasciatus （Coleoptera： Bruchidae）

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Insect Science 2006年第4期13卷 309-318页

作者： ERICK D. M. CAMPAN BETTY BENREY Labomtory of Evolutionary Entomology Institute of Zoology University of Neuchatel Neuchatel Switzerland laboratoire dynamique de la Biodiversité Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse France

The effect of different bean varieties on the performance of the bruchid beetle Zabrotes subfasciatus Boheman （Coleoptera： Bruchidae）, was determined by using wild and cultivated seeds of the genus Phaseolus. Results showed that the quality of the host plant affected the performance and the oviposition behavior of female beetles. Overall, bruchid performance was higher on cultivated seeds than on wild seeds. It was also found that the oviposition behavior and the performance of their offspring differed between females that originated from wild versus cultivated seeds. We also demonstrated the importance of a genetic component in bruchid performance： longevity, fecundity, larval development, adult size, and the sex ratio of the progeny varied according to their matemal lineage （‘family＇）. For example, on the same host type, some females laid twice as many eggs as females from other‘families＇, and the sex ratio among the offspring correlated with that of their mother. Thus, the performance and behavior of Z. subfasciatus are not only affected by environmental factors such as the quality of the seeds on which they develop, but also have a genetic basis which can counterbalance a less suitable quality of the host plant. For a crop pest such as Z. subfasciatus, its ability to survive and adapt on host plants of differing quality may be an important attribute to consider for pest management.

关键词： bean beetles domestication host plant quality larval performance oviposition behavior

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Variation of Surface Temperature during the Last Millennium in a Simulation with the FGOALS-gl Climate System Model

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2013年第3期30卷 699-712页

作者：张洁 Laurent LI 周天军辛晓歌 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences laboratoire de Météorologie dynamique/CNRS Université Paris 6 National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration

A reasonable past millennial climate simulation relies heavily on the specified external forcings, including both natural and anthropogenic forcing agents. In this paper, we examine the surface temperature responses to specified external forcing agents in a millennium-scale transient climate simulation with the fast version of LASG IAP Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System model （FGOALS-gl） developed in the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics （LASG/IAP）. The model presents a reasonable performance in comparison with reconstructions of surface temperature. Differentiated from significant changes in the 20th century at the global scale, changes during the natural-forcing-dominant period are mainly manifested in the Northern Hemisphere. Seasonally, modeled significant changes are more pronounced during the wintertime at higher latitudes. This may be a manifestation of polar amplification associated with sea-ice-temperature positive feedback. The climate responses to total external forcings can explain about half of the climate variance during the whole millennium period, especially at decadal timescales. Surface temperature in the Antarctic shows heterogeneous and insignificant changes during the preindustrial period and the climate response to external forcings is undetectable due to the strong internal variability. The model response to specified external forcings is modulated by cloud radiative forcing （CRF）. The CRF acts against the fluctuations of external forcings. Effects of clouds are manifested in shortwave radiation by changes in cloud water during the natural-forcing-dominant period, but mainly in longwave radiation by a decrease in cloud amount in the ant hropogenic- forcing-dominant period.

关键词： last millennium external forcing surface temperature cloud radiative forcing climate system model

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Evaluation of Spring Persistent Rainfall over East Asia in CMIP3/CMIP5 AGCM Simulations

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2013年第6期30卷 1587-1600页

作者：张洁 Laurent LI 周天军辛晓歌 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences laboratoire de M'et'eorologie dynamique/The Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Universit'e Paris 6France National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration

The progress made fi＇om Phase 3 to Phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project （CMIP3 to CMIP5） in simulating spring persistent rainfall （SPR） over East Asia was examined from the outputs of nine atmospheric general circulation models （AGCMs）. The majority of the models overestimated the precipitation over the SPR domain, with the mean latitude of the SPR belt shifting to the north. The overestimation was about 1mm d-1 in the CMIP3 ensemble, and the northward displacement was about 3°, while in the CMIP5 ensemble the overestimation was suppressed to 0.7 mm d-i and the northward shift decreased to 2.5°. The SPR features a northeast-southwest extended rain belt with a slope of 0.4°N/°E. The CMIP5 ensemble yielded a smaller slope （0.2°N/°E）, whereas the CMIP3 ensemble featured an unre- alistic zonally-distributed slope. The CMIP5 models also showed better skill in simulating the interannual variability of SPR. Previous studies have suggested that the zonal land-sea thermal contrast and sensible heat flux over the southeastern Tibetan Plateau are important for the existence of SPR. These two ther- mal factors were captured well in the CMIP5 ensemble, but underestimated in the CMIP3 ensemble. The variability of zonal land-sea thermal contrast is positively correlated with the rainfall amount over the main SPR center, but it was found that an overestimated thermal contrast between East Asia and South China Sea is a common problem in most of the CMIP3 and CMIP5 models. Simulation of the meridional thermal contrast is therefore important for the future improvement of current AGCMs.

关键词： model comparison CMIP3 CMIP5 spring persistent rainfall (SPR) atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM)

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