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Intellectual Capacity of Children Exposed to Environmental Pollution in the Extreme South of Brazil

Journal of Health Science 2015年第4期3卷 183-195页

作者： Marcela Dupont-Soares Ana L. Muccillo-Baisch Paulo Roberto Martins Baisch Maria C. F. Soares Programa de Pos Graduacao em Ciencias da Saude Universidade Federal do Rio Grande--FURG Rio Grande Rio Grande doSul 96203-900 Brazil Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande--FURG Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96203-900 Brazil Instituto de oceanografia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande--FURG Rio Grande Rio Grande do Su196203-900 Brazil

Objective： The study evaluated the intellectual capacity of children who live in areas that were E （exposed） or NE （not exposed） to environmental pollution. Method： 246 students between the ages of 8 and 11 years and 8 months were evaluated. Data were collected between May and June 2010 using a semi-structured questionnaire to examine factors that were related to compromised intellectual capacity. Intellectual capacity was evaluated with Raven＇s Colored Progressive Matrices Scale. The intellectual capacity of children who live in areas that were exposed or not exposed was compared using chi-squared tests and raw and adjusted analyses were conducted using Poisson regression. Results： The general occurrence of intellectual impairment was 28.9%, with 22.0% in the non-exposed area and 36.1% in the exposed area （p = 0.01）. The outcome was associated with the following： a lack of companionship （RP = 2.77; p 〈 0.00）, maternal education of less than five years （RP = 2.13; p 〈 0.00）, the mother not being Caucasian （RP = 1.57;p 〈 0.00）, residing in an exposed area （RP = 1.88;p 〈 0.00）, and nutritional risk/malnutrition （RP = 2.83; p 〈 0.00）. Conclusions： The results showed a high occurrence of intellectual impairment and a significant difference between the environmental areas. Additional research is needed to improve the understanding of several results. The town＇s priorities should include efforts related to environmental health.

关键词： Children's intellectual capacity environmental pollution determining factors Raven.

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Effect of Element Distortion on the Numerical Dispersion of Spectral Element Methods

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第4期9卷 937-958页

作者： S.P.Oliveira G.Seriani departamento de Matematica Universidade Federal do ParanaCuritiba-PR81531-980Brazil Istituto Nazionale di oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale Borgo Grotta Gigante42/cSgonico(TS)34010Italy

Spectral element methods are well established in the field of wave propagation,in particular because they inherit the flexibility of finite element methods and have low numerical dispersion *** latter is experimentally acknowledged,but has been theoretically shown only in limited cases,such as Cartesian *** is well known that a finite element mesh can contain distorted elements that generate numerical errors for very large *** the present work,we study the effect of element distortion on the numerical dispersion error and determine the distortion range in which an accurate solution is obtained for a given error *** also discuss a double-grid calculation of the spectral element matrices that preserves accuracy in deformed geometries.

关键词： Spectral element method dispersion analysis slivering

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Additional Records of the American Elephantfish <i>Callorhinchus callorynchus</i>(Chondrichthyes, Holocephali, Chimaeriformes) in Southeastern Brazil

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Natural Resources 2020年第10期11卷 439-445页

作者： Salvatore Siciliano Ana Rita O. Palmeira-Nunes Getulio Rincon Jorge Luiz Silva Nunes Sérgio C. Moreira Márcio L. V. Barbosa-Filho laboratório de Biodiversidade Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil Grupo de Estudos de Mamíferos Marinhos da Regiã o dos Lagos (GEMM-Lagos) Araruama RJ Brazil Universidade Federal do Maranhã o (UFMA) Laboratório de Organismos Aquáticos Departamento de Oceanografia e Limnologia S&#227 o Luís MA Brazil Universidade Federal do Maranhã o (UFMA) Curso de Engenharia de Pesca Pinheiro MA Brazil Setor de Mamíferos Departamento de Vertebrados Museu Nacional/UFRJ Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil departamento de Ciências Biológicas Programa de Pós-gradua&#231 o em Etnobiologia e Conservaç o da Natureza Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRuPE) Campus Dois Irm&#227 os Recife PE Brazil

Chimaeras, fish in the order Chimaeriformes, are among the rarest and least studied fish in the class Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish). Previous records have indicated that a species of chimaera known as the elephantfish, or cockfish, Callorhinchus callorynchus, may be found in marine waters off southeastern Brazil, as far north as the state of São Paulo. Here we report that C. callorynchus, caught with bottom gillnet, was found in an urban fish market in the city of Rio de Janeiro (~23˚S). This and other records from a variety of places call into question the distribution limits of the American elephantfish in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean and whether, at least seasonally, this species may often be found as far north as the state of rio de Janeiro. Because of scientific and conservation interests in the poorly known Chimaeriformes, we recommend long-term monitoring of the fish catch in ports along the southern Brazilian coast, to better understand the natural history of the intriguing chimeras.

关键词： Callorhinchus Callorynchus American Elephantfish Holocephali Chimaera Bycatch Southwest Atlantic Ocean

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Evolution of sexual size dimorphism and its relationship with sex ratio in carabid beetles of Genus Ceroglossus Solier

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Current Zoology 2013年第6期59卷 769-777页

作者： Hugo A. BENITEZ Jorge AVARIA-LLAUTUREO Cristian B.CANALES-AGUIRRE Viviane JEREZ Luis E. PARRA Cristifin E.HERNANdeZ Faculty of Life Sciences University of Manchester Michael Smith Building Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT UK Instituto de Alta Investigaci6n Universidad de Tarapaca Casilla 7-D Arica Chile departamento de Zoologia Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas Universidad de Concepcion Casilla 160-C Concepcion Chile departamento de oceanografia Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas Universidad de Concepci6n Casilla 160-C Concepcion Chile

Although the degree of mate competition, given extreme differences in sex ratio, explains much of the pattern of male-biased size dimorphism among diverse taxa, it fails for some species which have potential for intense male competition for mates and yet exhibit little or no sexual size dimorphism （SSD）. This fact suggest that species with low SSD should be express the effect of evolutionary pressure in non-obvious geometrical shape promoted by sex ratio in an evolutionary time scale. To evaluate this hypothesis we used phylogenetic comparative method in a Bayesian framework to investigate the evolution of SSD and the role of sex ratio at inter-specific level in the species of Ceroglossus （Coleoptera： Carabidae）. In our results the proportion farthest from 1：1 is associated with more disparate body shape, even though the entire group has minimum variation in sex ratio, which is an intrinsic life history character of this group considering its phylogenetic conservatism or phylogenetic signal. We suggest that the sex ratio has determined the dimorphism degree during evolution of this group, since both traits have increased or decreased together during the species divergence （i.e. positive phylogenetic correlation： r2=0.85）. We suggest that morphological studies of SSD will benefit from using comparative method with Bayesian approaches to assess the effect of phylogenetic history and its uncertainty. Finally, this will be allow to researchers to quantify the uncertainty of specific evolutionary hypotheses accounting for observed sexual dimorphism patterns.

关键词： Macroevolution Geometric Morphometrics Bayesian approach Sexual Dimorphism Sex Ratio Ceroglossus

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Oceanic Indices for Forecasting Seasonal Rainfall over the Northern Part of Brazilian Northeast

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American Journal of Climate Change 2016年第2期5卷 261-274页

作者： Gbèkpo Aubains Hounsou-Gbo Jacques Servain Moacyr Araujo Eduardo Sávio Martins Bernard Bourlès Guy Caniaux laboratório de oceanografia Física Estuarina e Costeira (LOFEC) Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (DOCEAN-UFPE) Recife Brazil Rede Brasileira de Pesquisas sobre Mudancas Climáticas Globais (Rede Clima) Sao José dos Campos Brazil International Chair in Mathematical Physics and Applications (ICMPA) UNESCO Chair Cotonou Benin Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) LOCEAN Paris France departamento de oceanografia UFPE Recife Brazil Fundacao Cearense de Meteorologia e Recursos Hidricos (FUNCEME) Fortaleza Brazil Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) LEGOS Brest France CNRM UMR 3589 Météo-France/CNRS Toulouse France

A relationship between oceanic conditions in the northwestern equatorial Atlantic (NWEA) and the seasonal rainfall over the northern part of Brazilian Northeast (NNEB) allows large climate events to be forecasted with a delay of a few months. Observed sea surface variables (sea surface temperature, wind stress and latent heat flux) and reanalyzed temperature and salinity profiles at depths of 0 - 150 m are used during 1974-2008. Perturbations in the Wind-Evaporation-SST mechanism over the NWEA during the last months of the year and the first months of the following year are of primary importance in evaluating the risk that strong climate events will affect the subsequent seasonal rainfall (in March-April) over the NNEB. Especially interesting are the Barrier Layer Thickness (BLT) and Ocean Heat Content (OHC) in the NWEA region from August-September through the subsequent months, during which a slow and steady evolution is apparent, with the highest signal occurring in October-November. Through their relationship with the local surface dynamic conditions, such BLT and OHC perturbations during the last months of the year can be used as a valuable indicator for forecasting wet or dry events over the NNEB during the subsequent rainfall season. A proposal is discussed to deploy additional temperature/conductivity sensors down to a depth of 140 m at three PIRATA moorings located in the NWEA region. That will be necessary if the BLT and other parameters of energy exchange between the ocean and atmosphere are to be estimated in real time and with a sufficiently high vertical resolution.

关键词： Brazilian Northeast Seasonal Rainfall Barrier Layer Thickness Oceanic Heat Content

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Seismic Velocity Field to Quantify Hydrate and Free Gas:the South Shetland Margin Case History

Seismic Velocity Field to Quantify Hydrate and Free Gas:the ...

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第二届大陆边缘构造和资源国际学术研讨会

作者： Accaino F. Tinivella U. Loreto M.F. Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale（OGS） Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale（OGS） Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale（OGS）

＜正＞The presence of gas hydrate and free gas within marine sediments deposited along the South Shetland margin,offshore the Antarctic Peninsula,was confirmed by low and high resolution geophysical data,and acquired ...

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A System for Managing Oceanographic Metadata Using XML and XQuery

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2014年第1期2卷 6-12页

作者： Elena Partescano Alberto Brosich Alessandra Giorgetti Istituto Nazionale di oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS) Sgonico Italy

Metadata, by definition, is information associated with data, covering where, how, when and by whom the data were acquired. The chance to take part in European projects such as the EU-SeaDataNet (the Pan-European infrastructure for ocean and marine data management) made it necessary to use XML (Extensible Markup Language) as a standard file format for sharing data and metadata. At present, the Italian National Oceanographic Data Centre (OGS/NODC) has all its data and metadata contained in an Oracle relational database, and the metadata is managed using XML formats and schema (XSD;XML Schema definition), giving common vocabularies for parameters, instruments, ships, etc. in agreement with European project standards. One problem with XML is the dynamic change in metadata schemas (XSD), necessitating development of a system which is flexible and capable of managing the changes. This paper describes a system for managing oceanographic metadata using XML files and the functionalities provided by the Oracle database. To better manage the XML format, we chose to load into the OGS/NODC database the whole XML file, using a dedicated field. The database Oracle gives us the flexibility to manage the XML format locally, within the OGS/NODC information system, using the XML DB (XML DataBase) Oracle features. This, through the use of XMLType, allows the inclusion of the XML into the database. Furthermore, through the use of the XQuery functions it is possible to create a set of views through which information contained in the XML can be viewed more immediately in a relational form. Using the XML and the XQuery functions, it is possible to store, extract and manage different kinds of information that might be exchanged at the European level. Moreover, with a RESTful (Representational State Transfer) Web Service, we have a simple and standard interface for rapidly and easily creating, modifying and deleting records containing XML files inside the database. Finally, through the use

关键词： Database XML Web Service XQuery

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A Model for Managing geological and Geophysical Data in Eastern Sicily (Italy) and Possible Applications

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2014年第14期2卷 67-77页

作者： Elena Partescano OGS (Istituto Nazionale di oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale) Sgonico (Trieste) Italy

The main aim of this work is to describe in detail how to develop an instrument, with the goal of collecting and managing a great deal of both geological and geophysical data acquired using different survey typologies in Eastern Sicily (Italy). The opportunity to manage different categories of data, at the same time, allows us to have a complete view of the complex area studied. This paper discusses a software package that has been designed to enhance the efficiency of applying a range of geological and geophysical data. More than 12000 records are archived: boreholes represent 81% of the data and 19% is geophysical data. In this paper it is illustrated how both kinds of data, thanks to the functionalities of the database and the possibility of connecting to a Geographical Information System (GIS), can be used in a variety of different geological studies. We present four studies where is relevant the use of the database, in detail, we show a morpho-structural study, an examination of the spectral analysis of the noise data, an update of the geological and geotechnical maps, and a classification of the areas on the basis of the distribution of the shear wave velocity in the firsts 30 meters (Vs30). They are just some examples of the potentialities of a relational database.

关键词： Relational Database GIS Morpho-Structural Noise geological Map

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Nutrient Input and CO<sub>2</sub>Flux of a Tropical Coastal Fluvial System with High Population density in the Northeast Region of Brazil

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013年第3期5卷 362-375页

作者： Moacyr Araujo Carlos Noriega Dóris Veleda Nathalie Lefèvre departamento de oceanografia Centro de Estudos e Ensaios em Riscos e Modelagem Ambiental Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife Brazil laboratoire d’Océanographie et du Climat: Expérimentation et Approches Numériques Université Pierre et Marie Curie. 4 Paris France

The carbon dioxide flux through the air-water interface of coastal freshwater ecosystems must be quantified to understand the regional balances of carbon and its transport through coastal and estuarine regions. The variations in air-sea CO2 fluxes in nearshore ecosystems can be caused by the variable influence of rivers. In the present study, the amount of carbon emitted from a tropical coastal river was estimated using climatological and biogeochemical measurements (2002-2010) obtained from the basin of the Capibaribe River, which is located in the most populous and industrialized area of the northeast region of Brazil. The results showed a mean CO2 flux of +225 mmol·m-2·d-1, mainly from organic material from the untreated domestic and industrial wastewaters that are released into the river. This organic material increased the dissolved CO2 concentration in the river waters, leading to a partial pressure of CO2 inthe aquatic environment that reached 31,000 μatm. The months of April, February and december (the dry period) showed the largest monthly means for the variables associated with the carbonate system (, DIC, CO2(aq), CO32-, TA, temperature and pH). This status reflects the state of permanent pollution in the basin of the Capibaribe River, due, in particular, to the discharge of untreated domestic wastewater, which results in the continuous mineralization of organic material. This mineralization significantly increases the dissolved CO2 content in the estuarine and coastal waters, which is later released to the atmosphere.

关键词： Tropical River Nutrient Load CO2 Flux Anthropogenic Pollution Freshwater Ecosystem Impact

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Mesocosm Hatcheries Using Semi-intensive Methodologies and Species Diversification in Aquaculture

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2012年第4期2卷 428-437页

作者： Carlos Andrade Natacha Nogueira Paula Silva Maria Teresa Dinis Luis Narciso Centro de Marieultura da Calheta Direccao Regional de Pescas Calheta 9370-133 Madeira Portugal CCMAR Universidade do Algarve Campus de Gambelas Faro 8005-139 Portugal Centro de oceanografia Laboratorio Maritimo da Guia FCUL Avenida N. S. do Cabo 939 Caseais 2750-642 Portugal

Mesocosm hatcheries using semi-intensive culture methodologies are characterized by large tanks （40 m3） for fish larvae production at low densities （2-8 larvae/L）, with live prey production within the tank supplemented by exogenous sources of feed. Due to the high biological quality of larvae produced and low level of technological input, these methodologies are regarded as an interesting option to meet the increasing fry demand from the aquaculture industry. This study aimed to describe the experience at Centro de Maricultura da Calheta, Madeira Island, Portugal, with the establishment of a mesocosm hatchery for the production of marine fish larvae. Production trials were initiated with gilthead seabream Sparus aurata. This larval species presented faster growth in total body length （TL） per day （TL = 3.7516e~ ~293day, R2 = 0.9404）, higher survival rate （SR = 31.9%） and comparable swimbladder inflation rates （SB = 90%） to those of larvae reared with intensive methodologies. High larval performance was obtained with two candidate species for aquaculture： the red porgy Pagruspagrus （TL = 3.212e~~39day, R2 = 0.995; SR = 15.3%; SB = 95.7%） and the white seabream Diplodus sargus （TL = 3.6355e~~413day, R2= 0.9824; SR = 25%; SB --- 100%）. Testing ofa 110 m3 mesocosm rearing tank with white seabream larvae revealed limitations associated to larger tanks namely, the amount and quality of live feed required daily. First trials with striped jack （Pseudocararoc dentex） larvae resulted in low larval survival （0.04%）, but the use of a white tank avoided culture management constraints related to positive phototropism. The present results suggest that a mesocosm using semi-intensive methodologies may contribute to species diversification and consequently, to the sustainable development of aquaculture.

关键词： Mesocosm hatchery fish larvae performance Sparus aurata Pagrus pagrus Diplodus sargus Pseudocarartx dentex.

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