Evolution of sexual size dimorphism and its relationship with sex ratio in carabid beetles of Genus Ceroglossus Solier

作     者：Hugo A. BENITEZ Jorge AVARIA-LLAUTUREO Cristian B.CANALES-AGUIRRE Viviane JEREZ Luis E. PARRA Cristifin E.HERNANDEZ 

作者机构：Faculty of Life Sciences University of Manchester Michael Smith Building Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT UK Instituto de Alta Investigaci6n Universidad de Tarapaca Casilla 7-D Arica Chile Departamento de Zoologia Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas Universidad de Concepcion Casilla 160-C Concepcion Chile Departamento de Oceanografia Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas Universidad de Concepci6n Casilla 160-C Concepcion Chile 

出 版 物：《Current Zoology》 (动物学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2013年第59卷第6期

页      面：769-777页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 07[理学] 09[农学] 071002[理学-动物学] 

基　　金：supported by Doctoral Fellowships for the "Programa de Doctorado en Sistematica y Biodiversidad", from the Graduate Direction of Universidad de Concepcion DIUC – 207.113.098-1.0 project FONDECYT-11080110 supported by a CONICYT Doctoral Fellowship 

主　　题：Macroevolution Geometric Morphometrics Bayesian approach Sexual Dimorphism Sex Ratio Ceroglossus 

摘      要：Although the degree of mate competition, given extreme differences in sex ratio, explains much of the pattern of male-biased size dimorphism among diverse taxa, it fails for some species which have potential for intense male competition for mates and yet exhibit little or no sexual size dimorphism （SSD）. This fact suggest that species with low SSD should be express the effect of evolutionary pressure in non-obvious geometrical shape promoted by sex ratio in an evolutionary time scale. To evaluate this hypothesis we used phylogenetic comparative method in a Bayesian framework to investigate the evolution of SSD and the role of sex ratio at inter-specific level in the species of Ceroglossus （Coleoptera： Carabidae）. In our results the proportion farthest from 1：1 is associated with more disparate body shape, even though the entire group has minimum variation in sex ratio, which is an intrinsic life history character of this group considering its phylogenetic conservatism or phylogenetic signal. We suggest that the sex ratio has determined the dimorphism degree during evolution of this group, since both traits have increased or decreased together during the species divergence （i.e. positive phylogenetic correlation： r2=0.85）. We suggest that morphological studies of SSD will benefit from using comparative method with Bayesian approaches to assess the effect of phylogenetic history and its uncertainty. Finally, this will be allow to researchers to quantify the uncertainty of specific evolutionary hypotheses accounting for observed sexual dimorphism patterns.