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Insight study of rare earth elements in PM_(2.5)during five years in a Chinese inland city:Composition

Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第4期138卷 439-449页

作者： Yi-Wen Shen Chang-Xian Zhao Hao Zhao Shuo-Fei Dong Qi Guo Jiao-Jiao Xie Mei-Ling Lv Chun-Gang Yuan Hebei Key lab.of Power plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control Department ofEnvironmental Science&EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071000China MOE Key lab.ratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Agilent Technologies Co.Ltd.(China) Beijing 100102China

The booming development of rare earth industry and the extensive utilization of its products accompanied by urban development have led to the accelerated accumulation of rare earth elements(REEs)as emerging pollutants in atmospheric *** this study,the variation of REEs in PM_(2.5)with urban(a non-mining city)transformation was investigated through five consecutive years of sample *** compositional variability and provenance contribution of REEs in PM_(2.5)were characterized,and the REEs exposure risks of children and adults via inhalation,ingestion and dermal absorption were also *** results showed an increase in the total REEs concentration from 46.46±35.16 mg/kg(2017)to 81.22±38.98 mg/kg(2021)over the five-year period,with Ce and La making the largest *** actual increment of industrial and traffic emission source among the three pollution sources was 1.34 ng/m^(3).Coal combustion source displayed a downward *** was the main exposure pathway for REEs in PM_(2.5)for both children and *** contributed the most to the total intake of REEs in PM_(2.5)among the population,followed by La and *** exposure risks of REEs in PM_(2.5)in the region were relatively low,but the trend of change was of great *** was strongly recommended to strengthen the concern about traffic-related non-exhaust emissions of particulate matter.

关键词： Rare earth elements Exposure risks Pollution sources Traffic-related non-exhaust emissions

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Identification and characterization of FpRco1 in regulating vegetative growth and pathogenicity based on T-DNA insertion in Fusarium pseudograminearum

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 3055-3065页

作者： Haiyang Li Yuan Zhang Cancan Qin Zhifang Wang Lingjun Hao Panpan Zhang Yongqiang Yuan Chaopu Ding Mengxuan Wang Feifei Zan Jiaxing Meng Xunyu Zhuang Zheran Liu Limin Wang Haifeng Zhou Linlin Chen Min Wang Xiaoping Xing Hongxia Yuan Honglian Li Shengli Ding College of plant Protection Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China National Key lab.ratory of Wheat and Maize Crop science Zhengzhou 450046China Henan plant Health Protection Technology Engineering Research Center Zhenzhou 450046China

Fusarium pseudograminearum is a devastating pathogen that causes Fusarium crown rot(FCR)in wheat and poses a significant threat to wheat production in terms of grain yield and ***,the mechanism by which *** infects wheat remains *** this study,we aimed to elucidate these mechanisms by constructing a T-DNA insertion mutant library for the highly virulent strain WZ-8A of *** screening this mutant library,we identified nine independent mutants that displayed impaired pathogenesis in barley *** these mutants,one possessed a disruption in the gene FpRCO1 that is an ortholog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RCO1,encoding essential component of the Rpd3S histone deacetylase complex in *** further investigate the role of FpRCO1 in ***,we employed a split-marker approach to knock out FpRCO1 in *** ***1 deletion mutants exhibit reduced vegetative growth,conidium production,and virulence in wheat coleoptiles and barley leaves,whereas the complementary strain restores these ***,under stress conditions,the FpRCO1 deletion mutants exhibited increased sensitivity to NaCl,sorbitol,and SDS,but possessed reduced sensitivity to H_(2)O_(2)compared to these characteristics in the wild-type ***-seq analysis revealed that deletion of FpRCO1 affected gene expression(particularly the downregulation of TRI gene expression),thus resulting in significantly reduced deoxynivalenol(DON)*** summary,our findings highlight the pivotal role of FpRCO1 in regulating vegetative growth and development,asexual reproduction,DON production,and pathogenicity of *** study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying *** infection in wheat and may pave the way for the development of novel strategies to combat this devastating disease.

关键词： Fusarium pseudograminearum T-DNA insertion Rpd3S complex FpRCO1 pathogenicity DON production

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Structural insights into the Oryza sativa cation transporters HKTs in salt tolerance

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2024年第4期66卷 700-708页

作者： Ran Gao Yutian Jia Xia Xu Peng Fu Jiaqi Zhou Guanghui Yang State Key lab.ratory of plant Environmental Resilience Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design BreedingCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

The high-affinity potassium transporters(HKTs),selectively permeable to either Na^(+)alone or Na^(+)/K^(+),play pivotal roles in maintaining plant Na^(+)/K^(+)*** their involvement in salt tolerance is widely reported,the molecular underpinnings of Oryza sativa HKTs remain *** this study,we elucidate the structures of OsHKT1;1 and OsHKT2;1,representing two distinct classes of rice *** dimeric assembled OsHKTs can be structurally divided into four *** the dimer interface,a half-helix or a loop in the third domain is coordinated by the C-terminal region of the opposite ***,we present the structures of OsHKT1;5 salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive variants,a key quantitative trait locus associated with salt *** salt-tolerant variant of OsHKT1;5 exhibits enhanced Na^(+)transport capability and displays a more flexible *** findings shed light on the molecular basis of rice HKTs and provide insights into their role in salt tolerance.

关键词： HKT salt-tolerant structure

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Federated learning-outcome prediction with multi-layer privacy protection

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Frontiers of Computer science 2024年第6期18卷 186604-186604页

作者： ZHANG Yupei LI Yuxin WANG Yifei WEI Shuangshuang XU Yunan SHANG Xuequn School of Computer science Northwestern Polytechnical University MIIT lab.of Big Data Storage and Management

Learning-outcome prediction (LOP) is a long-standing and critical problem in educational routes. Many studies have contributed to developing effective models while often suffering from data shortage and low generalization to various institutions due to the privacy-protection issue. To this end, this study proposes a distributed grade prediction model, dubbed FecMap, by exploiting the federated learning (FL) framework that preserves the private data of local clients and communicates with others through a global generalized model. FecMap considers local subspace learning (LSL), which explicitly learns the local features against the global features, and multi-layer privacy protection (MPP), which hierarchically protects the private features, including model-shareable features and not-allowably shared features, to achieve client-specific classifiers of high performance on LOP per institution. FecMap is then achieved in an iteration manner with all datasets distributed on clients by training a local neural network composed of a global part, a local part, and a classification head in clients and averaging the global parts from clients on the server. To evaluate the FecMap model, we collected three higher-educational datasets of student academic records from engineering majors. Experiment results manifest that FecMap benefits from the proposed LSL and MPP and achieves steady performance on the task of LOP, compared with the state-of-the-art models. This study makes a fresh attempt at the use of federated learning in the learning-analytical task, potentially paving the way to facilitating personalized education with privacy protection.

关键词： federated learning local subspace learning hierarchical privacy protection learning outcome prediction privacy-protected representation learning

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Optimal site selection for geothermal heated greenhouses in cold climates:a fuzzy logic and geographic information system approach

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 8-26页

作者： Amirhossein Mirabadi Saeid Minaei Younes Noorollahi Morteza Almasi Department of Agricultural Systems Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran Biosystems Engineering Department Faculty of AgricultureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Energy Modelling and Sustainable Energy System(METSAP)Research lab. Faculty of New Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity of TehranIran

This paper presents a comprehensive model for selecting optimal sites for geothermal heated greenhouses in the agricultural *** research involves two main components:assessing the geothermal energy resource using geological,geochemical and geophysical indicators;and developing a siting model based on fuzzy logic that considers technical,environmental and socio-economic fac*** study focuses on East Azerbaijan province in Iran-a cold *** results indicate that~3.24%of the total area of the province is suitable for constructing geothermal greenhouses,resulting in potential savings of~148000 and 745978 m3 of natural gas in areas with high and very high suitability,respectively.

关键词： geothermal energy site selection GIS fuzzy logic resource assessment

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Pre-mating nitenpyram exposure in male mice leads to depression-like behavior in offspring by affecting tryptophan metabolism in gut microbiota

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第3期137卷 120-130页

作者： Sen Yan Wei Sun Sinuo Tian Zhiyuan Meng Jinling Diao Zhiqiang Zhou Li Li Wentao Zhu Innovation Center of Pesticide Research Department of Applied ChemistryCollege of ScienceChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of plant Protection/Joint International Research lab.ratory of Agriculture&Agri-Product Safety Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China College of plant Protection Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuan 030031China

Several studies have confirmed that the health status of the paternal affects the health of the offspring,however,it remains unknown whether paternal exposure to pesticides affect the offspring ***,we used untargeted metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing technology,combined with tail suspension test and RT-qPCR to explore the effects of paternal exposure to nitenpyram on the neurotoxicity of *** results found that the paternal exposure to nitenpyram led to the offspring’s depressive-like behaviors,accompanied by the reduction of tryptophan content and the disorder of microbial abundance in the gut of the ***,we determined the expression of tryptophan metabolism-related genes tryptophanase(tnaA)and tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TpH1)in gut bacteria and colonic *** found that tryptophan is metabolized to indoles rather than being absorbed into colonocytes,which coursed the reduce of tryptophan availab.lity after nitenpyram *** conclusion,our study deepens our understanding of the intergenerational toxic effects of pesticides.

关键词： Nitenpyram Depressive-like behaviors Gut microbiota Tryptophan metabolism

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The biosynthetic pathway of the hallucinogen mescaline and its heterologous reconstruction

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Molecular plant 2024年第7期17卷 1129-1150页

作者： Paula Berman Luis Alejandro de Haro Ana-Rita Cavaco Sayantan Panda Younghui Dong Nikolay Kuzmich Gabriel Lichtenstein Yoav Peleg Hila Harat Adam Jozwiaki Jianghua Cai Uwe Heinig Sagit Meir Ilana Rogachev Asaph Aharoni Department of plant and Environmental sciences Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Life sciences Core Facilities Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel The Maurice and Vivienne Wohl Institute for Drug Discovery Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Present address:Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryWeinberg 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany Department of Molecular&Cellular Pharmacology University of Miami Miler School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136USA Department of Botany and plant sciences University of California RiversideRiversideCA 92521USA lab.ratory of plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China

Mescaline,among the earliest identified natural hallucinogens,holds great potential in psychotherapy ***,despite the existence of a postulated biosynthetic pathway for more than half a century,the specific enzymes involved in this process are yet to be *** this study,we investigated the cactus Lophophora williamsii(Peyote),the largest known natural producer of the phenethylamine *** employed a multi-faceted approach,combining de novo whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing with comprehensive chemical profiling,enzymatic assays,molecular modeling,and pathway engineering for pathway *** identified four groups of enzymes responsible for the six catalytic steps in the mescaline biosynthetic pathway,and an N-methyltransferase enzyme that N-methylates all phenethylamine intermediates,likely modulating mescaline levels in ***,we reconstructed the mescaline biosynthetic pathway in both Nicotiana benthamiana plants and yeast cells,providing novel insights into several challenges hindering complete heterologous mescaline *** together,our study opens up avenues for exploration of sustainable production approaches and responsible utilization of mescaline,safeguarding this valuable natural resource for future generations.

关键词： mescaline Lophophora williamsi Peyote biosynthetic pathway de novo genome sequencing mo-lecular modeling

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Silencing transformer and transformer-2 in Zeugodacus cucurbitae causes defective sex determination with inviability of most pseudomales

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 938-947页

作者： Qin Ma Zizhen Fan Ping Wang Siya Ma Jian Wen Fengqin Cao Xianwu Lin Rihui Yan Key lab.ratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical plant Diseases and Pests of Ministry of Education School of Plant ProtectionHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Life sciences HainanUniversityHaikou 570228China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed lab Sanya 572000China

transformer is a switch gene for sex determination in many insects, which cooperates with transformer-2 that is expressed in both sexes to regulate female differentiation, particularly in dipterans. Zeugodacus cucurbitae(Coquillett) is a very destructive pest worldwide, however, its sex determination pathway remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we show that the female sex ratio is sharply reduced with knockdown of either transformer or transformer-2 by RNA interference in early embryos of Z. cucurbitae. Most of the males grown from the embryos with transient transformer and transformer-2 suppression mated with wild-type females and produced mixed sex progeny, with one exception that produced only female progeny, and all of the few remaining males failed to mate with wild-type females and produced no progeny. The exceptional male and those males with mating failure were XX pseudomales as determined by the detection of Y chromosome-linked Maleness-on-the-Y, indicating that most XX pseudomales are not viable. The phenotypes of transformer and transformer-2 suggest that they play a key role in regulating sex determination and are required for female sexual development of Z. cucurbitae. Our results will be beneficial to the understanding of sex determination in Z. cucurbitae and can facilitate the development of genetic sexing strains for its biological control.

关键词： Zeugodacus cucurbitae transformer transformer-2 sex determination RNA interference biological control

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Single-atom alloys prepared by two-step thermal evaporation

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2808-2813页

作者： Honglin Wang Jing Li Meirong Huang Jizhe Cui Zhiying Cheng Rong Yu Hongwei Zhu State Key lab.of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key lab.of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials Beijing Building Materials Academy of Science ResearchBeijing 100041China

Single-atom alloys(SAAs)have gained significant attention due to their remarkable atomic utilization efficiency,interactions between single atoms(SAs)and metal supports,and free-atom-like electronic structure of dopant *** this work,we observed the formation of SAs in pre-deposited metal particles by a two-step thermal evaporation technique,thereby establishing the first instance of discovering SAAs by thermal *** discovery of SAAs by thermal evaporation extends the range of SAAs preparation methods to include this traditional synthetic technique,which offers convenience,cost-efficiency,and *** formation mechanism of SAAs prepared using this technique was elucidated by density functional theory *** was demonstrated that thermal evaporation can be utilized to prepare SAAs with multiple SAs,further highlighting its universal applicability.

关键词： single-atom alloys thermal evaporation density functional theory

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Identification,characterization,and verification of miR399 target gene in grape

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Horticultural plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 91-102页

作者： Maosong Pei Hainan Liu Tonglu Wei Huiying Jin Yihe Yu Mengting Ma Xiaomeng Song Rundong Dai Dalong Guo Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation and Controlling of Horticultural plants College of Horticulture and Plant ProtectionHenan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyangHenan 471023China

The microRNA miR399 plays an important role in phosphorus signal transduction pathways in ***,miR399 was shown to be closely associated with berry ripening in grape(Vitis vinifera).The objective of the present study was to elucidate the evolutionary characteristics of the miR399 gene family in grape and to verify the cleavage effect on the target *** miR399s were identified by miRNA sequencing and retrieval from the miRBase *** mature sequences and precursor sequences were subjected to phylogenetic analysis to reconstruct evolutionary trees,as well as secondary structure analysis of the precursor sequence,and prediction of target *** cisacting elements in the miR399 promoter were predicted and the cleavage effect of grape miR399b on its target genes was *** grape miR399 family comprised nine precursor sequences and nine mature *** precursor sequences formed a typical and stable stem—loop *** minimum folding free energy ranged from-55.70 kcal·mol^(-1)to-37.40 kcal·mol^(-1).Multiple sequence alignment revealed that the miR399 family was highly *** grape miR399 family was phylogenetically closely related to peach,apple,and citrus *** miR399s were predicted to target inorganic phosphate transporter 1—3,phospholipase D delta-like,and *** cleavage effect of grape miR399b on the target genes was verified by means of a dual-luciferase assay and 5’*** GUS staining showed that the promoter activity of miR399b was promoted by GA3treatment.

关键词： Grape miR399 Phosphorus metabolism Early ripening

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