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The DUF579 proteins GhIRX15s regulate cotton fiber development by interacting with proteins involved in xylan synthesis

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The Crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1112-1125页

作者： Mengyun Li Feng Chen Jingwen Luo Yanan Gao Jinglong Cai Wei Zeng Monika S.Doblin Gengqing Huang Wenliang Xu Hubei Key laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology School of Life SciencesCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079HubeiChina Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation School of Life SciencesTaizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000ZhejiangChina la trobe institute for Sustainable Agriculture&Food School of AgricultureBiomedicine and EnvironmentLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3086Australia

Cotton provides the most abundant natural fiber for the textile *** mature cotton fiber largely consists of secondary cell walls with the highest proportion of cellulose and a small amount of hemicellulose and *** dissect the roles of hemicellulosic polysaccharides during fiber development,four IRREGUlaR XYLEM 15(IRX15)genes,GhIRX15-1/-2/-3/-4,were functionally characterized in *** genes encode DUF579 domain-containing proteins,which are homologs of AtIRX15 involved in xylan *** four GhIRX15 genes were predominantly expressed during fiber secondary wall thickening,and the encoded proteins were localized to the Golgi *** GhIRX15 gene could restore the xylan deficient phenotype in the Arabidopsis irx15irx15l double *** of GhIRX15s in cotton resulted in shorter mature fibers with a thinner cell wall and reduced cellulose content as compared to the wild ***,GhIRX15-2 and GhIRX15-4 formed homodimers and *** addition,the GhIRX15s showed physical interaction with glycosyltransferases GhGT43C,GhGT47A and GhGT47B,which are responsible for synthesis of the xylan backbone and reducing end ***,the GhIRX15s can form heterocomplexes with enzymes involved in xylan modification and side chain synthesis,such as GhGUX1/2,GhGXM1/2 and *** findings suggest that GhIRX15s participate in fiber xylan biosynthesis and modulate fiber development via forming large multiprotein complexes.

关键词： Cotton fiber Xylan biosynthesis GhIRX15s Protein-protein interaction Protein complexes

Identific tion of quantitative trait loci and associated candidate genes for pregnancy success in Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 162-170页

作者： Quinn A.Hoorn Gabriel A.Zayas Eduardo E.Rodriguez laura M.Jensen Raluca G.Mateescu Peter J.Hansen Department of Animal sciences Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Programand the Genetics InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA School of Applied Systems Biology La Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3083Australia

Background In beef cattle, more than 50% of the energy input to produce a unit of beef is consumed by the female that produced the calf. Development of genomic tools to identify females with high genetic merit for reproductive function could increase the profitability and sustainability of beef *** Genome-wide association studies(GWAS) were performed using a single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction approach on pregnancy outcome traits from a population of Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers. Furthermore, a validation GWAS was performed using data from another farm. Heifers were genotyped with the Bovine GGP F250 array that contains 221,077 SNPs. In the discovery population, heifers were bred in winter breeding seasons involving a single round of timed artificial insemination(AI) followed by natural mating for 3 months. Two phenotypes were analyzed: pregnancy outcome to first-service AI(PAI;n = 1,481) and pregnancy status at the end of the breeding season(PEBS;n = 1,725). The heritability was estimated as 0.149 and 0.122 for PAI and PEBS, respectively. In the PAI model, one quantitative trait locus(QTL), located between 52.3 and 52.5 Mb on BTA7, explained about 3% of the genetic variation, in a region containing a cluster of γ-protocadherin genes and SLC25A2. Other QTLs explaining between 0.5% and 1% of the genetic variation were found on BTA12 and 25. In the PEBS model, a large QTL on BTA7 was synonymous with the QTL for PAI, with minor QTLs located on BTA5, 9, 10, 11, 19, and 20. The validation population for pregnancy status at the end of the breeding season were Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers bred by natural mating. In concordance with the discovery population, the large QTL on BTA7 and QTLs on BTA10 and 12 were *** In summary, QTLs and candidate SNPs identified were associated with pregnancy outcomes in beef heifers, including a large QTL associated with a group of protocadherin genes. Confirmation of these associations

关键词： Beef cattle Fertility GWAS QTL

Core level excitation spectra of la and Mn ions in laMnO3

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 327-332页

作者：李福建程新路张红 institute of Atomic and molecular Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065Chin

Manganese-based perovskite is popular for research on ferromagnetic materials,and its spectroscopic studies are essential for understanding its electronic structure,dielectric,electrical,and magnetic *** this paper,the M-edge spectra of la ions and the M-edge,L-edge,and K-edge spectra of Mn ions in laMnO3 are calculated by considering both the free-ion multiplet calculation and the crystal field *** analyze spectral shapes,identify peak origins,and estimate the oxidation states of la and Mn ions in laMnO3 *** is concluded that la ions in laMnO3 predominantly exist in the trivalent state,while Mn ions exist primarily in the trivalent state with a minor presence of tetravalent ***,the calculated spectra are in better conformity with the experimental spectra when the proportion of Mn3+is 90%and Mn4+is 10%.This article enhances our comprehension of the oxidation states of la and Mn within the crystal and also provides a valuable guidance for spectroscopic investigations of other manganates.

关键词： lanthanum manganate the core level excitation spectra free-ion multiplet calculation oxidation state

Biothiol-specific fluorescent probes with aggregation-induced emission characteristics

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science China Chemistry 2018年第8期61卷 882-891页

作者： Siyang Ding Mengjie Liu Yuning Hong Department of Chemistry and Physics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe University

Biothiols are important species in physiological processes such as regulating protein structures, redox homeostasis and cell signalling. Alternation in the biothiol levels is associated with various pathological processes, therefore non-invasive fluorescent probes with high specificity to biothiols are highly desirable research utilities. Meanwhile, fluorescent probes with aggregationinduced emission properties(AIEgens) possess unique photophysical properties that allow modulation of the sensing process through controlling the aggregation-disaggregation or the intramolecular rotational motions of the fluorophores. Herein we review the recent progress in the development of biothiol-specific AIEgens. In particular, the molecular design principles to target different types of biothiols and the corresponding sensing mechanisms are discussed, along with the potential of the future design and development of multi-functional bioprobes.

关键词： biothiols detection aggregation-induced emission fluorescent probes bioimaging biosensing

latest developments on the mechanism of action of membrane disrupting peptides

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Biophysics Reports 2021年第3期7卷 173-184页

作者： Sara Pandidan Adam Mechler la trobe institute for molecular science La Trobe University

Antimicrobial peptides(AMPs) are integral components of the innate immune defence system of all complex organisms including plants, insects, and mammals. They have wide range of antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and even anticancer activities, therefore AMPs are attractive candidates for developing novel therapeutic approaches. Cationic α-helical membrane disrupting peptides are perhaps the most widely studied subclass of AMPs due to their common fundamental characteristics that allow for detailed structure-function analysis and therefore offer a promising solution to the threat of multidrug resistant strains of bacteria. The majority of the studies of AMP activity focused on the biological and biophysical aspects of membrane disruption; the understanding of the molecular mechanism of action from the physicochemical point of view forms a relatively small subfield. This review will provide an overview of these works, focusing on the empirical and thermodynamic models of AMP action.

关键词： Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) Membrane disrupting peptides Empirical models Thermodynamic models

Click chemistry in the design of AIEgens for biosensing and bioimaging

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聚集体(英文)

聚集体(英文) 2023年第4期4卷 71-92页

作者： Marie-Claire Giel Yuning Hong Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry La Trobe Institute for Molecular ScienceLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia

The development of rapid,selective,and sensitivefluorescent sensors is essential for visualizing and quantifying biological molecules and processes in vitro,ex vitro,and in vivo,which is important for not only fundamental biological studies but the accurate diagnosis of *** emergingfield of activity-based sensing(ABS),a sensing method that utilizes molecular reactivity for analyte detection possesses many advantages including high specificity,sensitivity and *** aggrega-tion caused quenching phenomenon which occurs in most conventionalfluorophores results in reduced labeling efficiency of the target analytes and low photobleaching resistance,therefore limiting the applications of the ABS *** contrast,aggre-gation induced emission(AIE)active luminogens(AIEgens)provide exceptional molecular frameworks for *** the many reaction classes utilized in the AIEgen ABS approach,click chemistry has become increasing *** this review,the sensing concepts of the ABS approach with AIEgens and the principles of click chemistry are discussed,followed by a systematic summary of the application of specific click chemistry reactions in AIEgen ABS protocols for the detection of an array of target ***,the utility of click chemistry in the construction of AIEgens for bioimaging will also be showcased throughout the review.

关键词： activity-based sensing aggregation induced emission bioconjugation chemistry click chemistry

Shedding light on electrodeposition dynamics tracked in situ via soft X-ray coherent diffraction imaging

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Nano Research 2016年第7期9卷 2046-2056页

作者： George Kourousias Benedetto Bozzini Alessandra Gianoncelli Michael W. M. Jones Mark Junker Grant van Riessen Maya Kiskinova Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste ScpA SS 14-km 163.5 in Area Science Park 34149 Trieste ltaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'lnnovazione Universita del Salento via Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy Australian Synchrotron Clayton 3168 Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced molecular Imaging La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science La Trobe University Bundoora 3089 Australia Department of Chemistry and Physics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe University Bundoora 3086 Australia

The in situ physicochemical analysis of nanostructured functional materials is crucial for advances in their design and production. X-ray coherent diffraction imaging （CDI） methods have recently demonstrated impressive potential for characterizing such materials with a high spatial resolution and elemental sensitivity; however, moving from the current ex situ static regime to the in situ dynamic one remains a challenge. By combining soft X-ray ptychography and single-shot keyhole CDI, we performed the first in situ spatiotemporal study on an electrodeposition process in a sealed wet environment, employed for the fabrication of oxygen-reduction catalysts, which are key components for alkaline fuel cells and metal-air batteries. The results provide the first experimental demonstration of theoretically predicted Turing-Hopf electrochemical pattern formation resulting from morphochemical coupling, adding a new dimension for the in-depth in situ characterization of electrodeposition processes in space and time.

关键词： in situ electrodeposition X-ray coherent diffractionimaging keyhole coherentdiffraction imaging (CDI) X-ray ptychography

The interactive effect of temperature and fertilizer types determines the dominant microbes in nitrous oxide emissions and the dicyandiamide efﬁcacy in a vegetable soil

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第3期6卷 121-133页

作者： Xiaoya Xu Haiyang Liu Yaowei Liu Didier Lesueur laetitia Herrmann Hongjie Di Caixian Tang Jianming Xu Yong Li Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China College of Geography and Environment Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement(CIRAD) UMR Eco&SolsHanoiVietnam Eco&Sols Universitéde Montpellier(UMR)CIRADInstitut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculturel’Alimentation et l’Environnement(INRAE)Institut de Recherche pour le Développement(IRD)Montpellier SupAgro34060 MontpellierFrance Alliance of Biodiversity International and International Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT) Asia hubCommon Microbial Biotechnology Platform(CMBP)HanoiVietnam School of Life and Environmental sciences Faculty of ScienceEngineering and Built Environment–Deakin UniversityMelbourneVIC 3125Australia Rubber Research institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571737China la trobe institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Department of AnimalPlant&Soil SciencesLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVic 3086Australia

Heat waves associated with global warming and extreme climates would arouse serious consequences on nitrogen(N)***,the responses of the functional guilds to different temperatures,especially high temperature and the cascading effect on N_(2)O emissions remain *** incubation study was conducted to examine the effect of different temperatures(20°C,30°C,and 40°C)and fertilizer types(urea and manure)on N_(2)O-producers and N_(2)O-reducers,as well as the efficacy of dicyandiamide(DCD)on N_(2)O emissions in a vegetable *** showed that ammonia oxidizers and nirS-type denitrifiers were well adapted to high temperature(40°C)with manure application,while the fungal nirK-denitrifiers had better tolerance with urea *** nosZ clade I microbes had a strong adaptability to various temperatures regardless of fertilization type,while the growth of nosZ clade II group microbes in non-fertilized soil(control)were significantly inhibited at higher *** N_(2)O emissions were significantly decreased with increasing temperature and DCD application(up to 60%,even at 40°C).Under high temperature conditions,fungal denitrifiers play a significant role in N-limited soils(non-fertilized)while nirS-type denitrifiers was more important in fertilized soils in N_(2)O emissions,which should be specially targeted when mitigating N_(2)O emissions under global warming climate.

关键词： nitrogen fertilizer microorganisms nitrification inhibitor bacteria archaea fungi

Redox dysregulation as a driver for DNA damage and its relationship to neurodegenerative diseases

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 604-637页

作者： Sina Shadfar Sonam Parakh Md Shafi Jamali Julie D.Atkin Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research Macquarie Medical SchoolMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSW 2109Australia la trobe institute for molecular science La Trobe UniversityBundooraMelbourneVIC 3086Australia

Redox homeostasis refers to the balance between the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)as well as reactive nitrogen species(RNS),and their elimination by *** is linked to all important cellular activities and oxidative stress is a result of imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidant *** stress perturbs many cellular activities,including processes that maintain the integrity of *** acids are highly reactive and therefore particularly susceptible to *** DNA damage response detects and repairs these DNA *** DNA repair processes are therefore essential for maintaining cellular viability,but they decline considerably during *** damage and deficiencies in DNA repair are increasingly described in age-related neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington’s ***,oxidative stress has long been associated with these ***,both redox dysregulation and DNA damage increase significantly during aging,which is the biggest risk factor for neurodegenerative ***,the links between redox dysfunction and DNA damage,and their joint contributions to pathophysiology in these conditions,are only just *** review will discuss these associations and address the increasing evidence for redox dysregulation as an important and major source of DNA damage in neurodegenerative *** these connections may facilitate a better understanding of disease mechanisms,and ultimately lead to the design of better therapeutic strategies based on preventing both redox dysregulation and DNA damage.

关键词： Redox dysregulation DNA damage Neurodegeneration Reactive oxygen species Oxidative stress