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Assessment of the Rural Water Supply Potential by Mechanical Wind Pumping Around the Floodplains of Lake Chad

Energy Engineering 2021年第4期118卷 931-945页

作者： DieudonnéKaoga Kidmo Bachirou Bogno Kodji Deli Michel Aillerie University of Maroua MarouaCameroon Universitéde Lorraine LMOPS-EA 4423Metz57070France CentraleSupélec LMOPSMetz57070France

In the present work,an assessment of the rural water supply potential by mechanical wind pumping around the floodplains of Lake Chad has been considered.Inside the floodplains around Lake Chad,available surface water is largely contaminated and represents health hazards to populations.Access to underground and clean water has increasingly become rare.Moreover,clean water scarcity has led to conflict and territorial pressures,which are contributing factors to poverty in the considered area.Four localities,Baga,Baga-Sola,Makari and Nguigmi,respectively,in Nigeria,Chad,Cameroon and Niger have been selected inside the floodplains around Lake Chad,to evaluate the potential of wind power and prospects of windmills development to provide safe drinking-water supply,livestock watering and small-scale irrigation.Long-term satellite-derived data,obtained through the Prediction of Worldwide renewable Energy Resources have been considered suitable and viable alternative to missing site-specific data from ground stations.Windmill of Multi-blade driven piston pump is the preferred water pumping option for this study because of its higher overall system efficiency.The results of this study indicate that mean wind speeds,at 10 m height above ground level,are 4.64 m/s for Baga,4.76 m/s for Baga-Sola,4.32 m/s for Makari and 4.44 m/s for Nguigmi.In addition,wind speeds for Baga,for instance,are in the range of 2.5–10 m(working range of a wind pump),at 10,15,20 and 25 m height agl,for 79.64,82.80,84.79,and 86.19 per cent of the time.Corresponding values for Baga-Sola,Makari and Nguigmi are in the range of 80.50–87.76 per cent,76.86–85,58 per cent,77.92–86.21 per cent,respectively.For a Windmill with a 2 m-blade,a 25 m-height tower and considering a total dynamic head of 30 m,average monthly discharges for the dry season are 1,330,1,374,1,200 and 1,199 m3,respectively for Baga,Baga-Sola,Makari and Nguigmi.Furthermore,corresponding costs of water are 9.53,9.23,10.56 and 10.57 XAF/m3,for Baga,Baga-Sola,Makari and Nguigmi,in that order.

关键词： Wind energy windmill water pumping lake chad

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A simulation of doping and trap effects on the spectral response of AlGaN ultraviolet detectors

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Journal of Semiconductors 2012年第3期33卷 20-23页

作者： Sidi Ould Saad Hamady lmops University Paul Verlaine-Metz and SUPELEC-2 Rue Edouard Belin57070 MetzFrance

We study,by means of numerical simulation,the impact of doping and traps on the performance of the＂solar blind＂ultraviolet Schottky detector based on AlGaN.We implemented physical models and AlGaN material properties taken from the literature,or from the interpolation between the binary materials（GaN and AlN） weighted by the mole fractions.We found that doping and traps highly impact the spectral response of the device,and in particular a compromise in the doping concentration must be reached in order to optimize the spectral response of the detector.These results give us a powerful tool to quantitatively understand the impact of elaboration and processing conditions on photodetector characteristics,and thus identify the key issues for the development of the technology.

关键词： simulation AlGaN ultraviolet detector spectral response

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Waste Recovery and Sustainable Development. A Case Study of Material Development from Used Tires in Africa

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2023年第6期14卷 107-129页

作者： Bachirou Bogno Paul-Salomon Ngohe Ekam Mohammadou Sali Dieudonné Kidmo Kaoga Abderrezak Guenounou Michel Aillerie Higher Teachers’ Training College University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques Photonique et Systèmes (LMOPS) University of Lorraine Centrale Supélec Metz France National Advanced School of Engineering of Yaounde University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Faculty of Technology Department of Renewable Energies University of Blida Blida Algeria

This paper outlines a mechanical transformation process for rubber recycling, demonstrating the development of a new material from used tires. With the crumbs obtained using a crusher-compactor, a novel material for the manufacture of O-rings has been developed, with properties close to those found on the market. The process includes an experimental methodology of a sulfur vulcanization system choice and the quantification of ingredients, as well as the experimental determination of cure parameters. Mechanical tests on the samples completed the work by providing the mechanical characteristics of both unaged and aged (thermo-oxidative ageing) novel material. This process has a high potential for sustainable development and industrialization, making it a valuable contribution to the recycling of rubber in African developing countries.

关键词： Sustainable Development Circular Economy Used Tires Elastomers Recycling Vulcanization Parameters

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POTENTIAL OF Al2O3/GaN/SAPPHIRE LAYERED STRUCTURE FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE SAW SENSORS

POTENTIAL OF Al2O3/GaN/SAPPHIRE LAYERED STRUCTURE FOR HIGH T...

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2015全国压电和声波理论及器件技术研讨会

作者： Sergei ZHGOON Ouarda LEGRANI OmarELMAZRIA Thierry AUBERT Meriem ELHOSNI Hamza MERSNI Laetitia LEFEVRE Sami HAGE-ALI National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute Centrale Supélec LMOPS Université de Lorraine LMOPS Laboratoire SYMME Université Savoie Mont Blanc

This paper describes the investigation of the potential of packageless structures for acoustic wave sensor applications based on AlO/IDT/GaN/Sapphire structure.The finite elements modeling predicts the possibility of acoustically isolated waveguiding layer acoustic wave(WLAW)to propagate inside this structure with very low displacement at the top surface of the topmost AlO layer.This layer serves as a protecting layer against oxidation of internal layers as well as an acoustically isolating layer,providing a mean for packageless packaging of this structure.The modeling results get confirmation in experiments with the precursor IDT/GaN/Sapphire structure thus supporting hopes on the predicted correct operation of the final AlO/IDT/GaN/Sapphire structure.

关键词： Layered structure High temperature SAW Sensor

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Green CoNi_(2)S_(4)/porphyrin decorated carbon-based nanocomposites for genetic materials detection

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2021年第3期6卷 215-222页

作者： Mohammad Reza Saeb Navid Rabiee Farzad Seidi Bahareh Farasati Far Mojtaba Bagherzadeh Eder C.Lima Mohammad Rabiee Universitéde Lorraine CentraleSupélecLMOPSF57000 MetzFrance Department of Chemistry Sharif University of TechnologyTehranIran Provincial Key Lab of Pulp&Paper Sci and Tech and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional MaterialsNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Department of Chemistry Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul(UFRGS)Av.Bento Goncalves 9500Postal Box15003ZIP91501-970 Brazil Biomaterial Group Department of Biomedical EngineeringAmirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran

A one-pot synthesis method was conceptualized and implemented to develop green carbon-based nanocomposites working as biosensors.Porphyrin was synthesized to adorn the surface of nanocomposites making them highly sensitive for giving rise to π-π interactions between the genetic materials,proteins and porphyrin rings.The hydrogen bond formed between the proteins(analytes)and the nitrogen in the porphyrin structure as well as the surface hydroxyl groups was equally probable.In this context,different forms of porphyrins were incorporated to explore the interrelationship between the surface morphology and the ability of detection of genetic material and/or proteins by the aid of the synthesized structures.This phenomenon was conceptualized to optimize the interactions between the biomolecules and the substrate by reaching significant biosensor application in the presence of Anti-cas9 protein and sgRNA(concentration changed between 10 and 500 n mol/L).Almost full quenching of fluorescence emission was observed after addition of 300 n mol/L of Anti-cas9 protein and 250 n mol/L of sgRNA.Surprisingly,CoNi_(2)S_(4)provided 12%-29%cytotoxicity in both HEK-293 and PC12 cell lines.

关键词： Biosensor Biomedicine Anti-cas9 Green nanocomposite sgRNA

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