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Maximizing biomass utilization: An integrated strategy for coproducing multiple chemicals

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 180-191页

作者： Byeongchan Ahn Sua Jo Jonggeol Na J.Jay Liu Young-Ju Kim Wangyun Won Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated process) Kyung Hee University Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ewha Womans University Department of Chemical Engineering Pukyong National University Resources Engineering Plant Research Department Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the viable solutions to alleviate the global warming. However, the limited utilization of biomass majorly focused on cellulose and hemicellulose restricts the economic and environmental feasibilities. To cope with this issue, we proposed an integrated process of co-producing 1,6-hexanediol（1,6-HDO） with tetrahydrofuran and adipic acid from biomass, referred to as Strategy A. To compare the impacts of lignin upgrading and feedstock, Strategy B, which co-produces tetrahydrofuran alone, and Strategy C, which is the traditional route to produce 1,6-HDO from fossil fuels, were used. Heat networks are also designed to reduce operating costs and indirect carbon emissions due to energy consumption, saving 87% and 83% of the heat and cooling requirements, respectively, in Strategy A. The market competitiveness of Strategy A was evaluated by determining the minimum selling price through techno-economic analysis, and sustainability was thoroughly investigated by quantifying the environmental impacts through both midpoint and endpoint life-cycle assessments（LCAs）.Strategy A was found to be the most favorable both economically（USRDSCHARDOLLAR3,402/ton） and environmentally（-26.9 kg CO2eq.）. This indicates that lignin valorization is not only economically but also environmentally preferred. Finally, changes in economic and environmental feasibilities depending on economic, process, and environmental parameters were investigated using sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. The results of these analyses provide valuable insight into bio-based chemical production.

关键词： Biorefinery Carbon mitigation Climate change Global warming Lignin utilization Bioeconomy

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DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF THE DYNAMICS OF PARTICLES WITH ARBITRARY SHAPES IN SHEAR FLOWS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2010年第4期22卷 456-465页

作者： CHOI Choeng Ryul KIM Chang Nyung Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyung Hee University College of Engineering Kyung Hee University Industrial Liaison Research Institute Kyung Hee University

A fluid-structure interaction method based on the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method and a dynamic mesh method was developed to simulate the dynamics of a rigid particle in shear *** the method,the governing equations for the fluid flow and particle motion were sequentially solved in a two-way coupling *** mesh system was deformed or re-meshed by the dynamic mesh *** method was employed to simulate the dynamics of a single particle suspended in a flow channel and the dynamics of the particle were *** simulation results show that the angular velocity is not only a function of the inclination angle,is but also influenced by the aspect ratio yielding a hysteresis,while the angular velocity obtained from the Keller-Scalak model is a function only of the inclination angle and does not show a *** present simulations clearly demonstrate that the Fluid-Structure Interaction（FSI） module is very stable,accurate and robust.

关键词： particle suspension Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) fluid-particle interaction particulate flow

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Properties of ZnO Thin Films Grown on Si (100) Substrates by Pulsed Laser Deposition

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2010年第11期26卷 973-976页

作者： Young Rae Jang Keon-Ho Yoo Seung Min Park Department of Physics Kyung Hee University Department of Chemistry Kyung Hee University

ZnO thin films were grown on Si （100） substrates by pulsed laser deposition using a ZnO *** substrate temperature was varied in the range of room temperature to 800 ℃,and the oxygen partial pressure of 0.1333 Pa （1 m Torr） to 1333 Pa （10 Torr）.The properties of the resulting films were investigated by photoluminescence （PL）,grazing incidence X-ray diffraction （GIXRD）,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）,and field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM）.Based on the ultraviolet （UV,～380 nm） to visible emission ratio in the PL spectrum,the optimum growth conditions were determined to be 600 ℃ and 133.3 Pa （1 Torr）,*** oxygen 1s peak in the XPS spectrum was decomposed into two *** peak at lower binding energy increased in intensity with the oxygen partial pressure from 0.1333 Pa （1 m Torr） to 133.3 Pa （1 Torr） while the other peak *** GIXRD curve at the optimum condition showed strong two peaks （002） and （103）.A strong correlation between the （103） peak intensity and the UV emission intensity was found.

关键词： ZnO Pulsed laser deposition Photoluminescence

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Flow imbalance in MHD flows in splitting ducts with locally different electric conductivities of the walls

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第5期30卷 920-927页

作者： Yang Luo Mengqi Zhu C.N.Kim Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School Kyung Hee University Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Kyung Hee University

In this study, three-dimensional liquid-metal magnetohydrodynamic splitting flows in a duct with one inflow channel and two outflow channels with locally different wall electric conductivities（different conductance ratios） are computationally examined. The numerical calculation is achieved with the use of CFX code, with a structured grid system chosen after a series of mesh independence tests. The detailed features of the MHD flows are depicted in a case where the electric conductivities of the two outflow ducts are quite different. Also, the interdependency among the current, fluid velocity, pressure and electric potential is elucidated in order to describe the electromagnetic characteristics of the liquid-metal flows. The result shows that the imbalance of the mass flow rate in the two outflow channels strongly depends on the wall conductivity（i.e., conductance ratio） of each outflow channel.

关键词： Liquid metal flow splitting duct flow imbalance numerical examination conductance ratio

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A numerical study on dispersion of particles from the surface of a circular cylinder placed in a gas flow using discrete vortex method

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2014年第3期26卷 384-393页

作者：黄远东何文荣吴文权 KIM Chang-Nyung School of Environment and Architecture University of Shanghai for Science and Technology College of Engineering Kyung Hee University College of Engineering Kyung Hee University Yongin 449-701 Korea Industrial Liaison Research Institute Kyung Hee University

The dispersion of particles emitted from the surface of a circular cylinder placed in a gas flow at the Reynolds number of 200 000 is numerically investigated using the discrete vortex method coupled with a Lagrangian approach for solid particle tracking. The wake vortex patterns, the temporal-spatial distributions and trajectories as well as the dispersion functions for particles with various Stokes numbers（St） ranging from 0.001 to 1.0 are obtained. The numerical results reveal that：（1） Solid particles on the cylinder surface are picked up and then transported away from the cylinder by the wake vortex flow.（2） Solid particles emitted from the cylinder surface always follow the vortices in the cylinder wake, and the response of particles to wake vortices is directly related to their Stokes numbers（particles with St= 0.001, 0.0038, 0.01 can distribute both in the vortex core and around the vortex periphery, whereas those with St= 0.1, 1.0 can not enter the vortex core and congregate mainly around the vortex periphery）.（3） The particles move in rolling state in the wake region, and the dispersion intensity of particles in the lateral direction decreases remarkably as the Stokes number of particles is increased from 0.001 to 1.0.

关键词： particle dispersion circular cylinder gas flow wake vortex discrete vortex method(DVM)

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Optimal follow-up duration for evaluating objective response to radiotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma:to radiotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma:a retrospective study

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2015年第2期34卷 79-85页

作者： Moonkyoo Kong Seong Eon Hong Department of Radiation Oncology Kyung Hee University Medical Center kyung hee university School of Medicine

The time to complete or partial(objective) response to radiotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is variable; thus, the reported frequency of these responses depends on the length of follow-up. However, the optimum follow-up duration is unknown. We sought to determine the optimal follow-up duration by analyzing the medical records of 25 patients with 39 HCC lesions who received definitive helical tomotherapy at a daily dose of 2 to 4 Gy at 5 fractions per week, for a total dose of 40 to 60 Gy, between January 2008 and January 2013. We determined the time to objective treatment response and local recurrence after radiotherapy and assessed several predictors of delayed treatment response. The median follow-up duration was 15.2 months(range, 7.8 to 52.1 months). Among all 39 lesions, objective responses were observed for 36(92.3%). The median time to objective response was 3.9 months(range, 1.5 to 9.8 months). The objective response rates increased over time from 15.4% at 3 months to 71.8% at 6 months and 87.2% at 9 months. Age 60 years old or older and post-radiotherapy α-fetoprotein concentrations higher than pre-radiotherapy concentrations predicted delayed treatment response. The objective response rate continued to increase over 9 months. Therefore, to fully evaluate the treatment response of HCC, we recommend continuous observation for at least 9 months after radiotherapy.

关键词：持续时间后评估反应放疗随访患者肝癌放射治疗

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Mixing of two different electrolyte solutions in electromagnetic rectangular mixers

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2016年第1期28卷 114-124页

作者： Meimei WEN Chang Nyung KIM Yue YAN Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School Kyung Hee University Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Kyung Hee University

This study proposes a new electromagnetic rectangular mixer, and numerically examines the mixing characteristics of two different electrolyte solutions in the device under a uniform magnetic field. The mixer consists of a conduit with electrodes equipped on its top and bottom walls. The difference in the electric potentials applied to the sets of electrodes induces the current. The combination of the induced current and magnetic field yields Lorentz force, resulting in the fluid motion for pumping and mixing of the two different fluids. The numerical simulation is carried out with the use of commercial software CFX. The present numerical model is validated by an existing numerical work. The effect of different variables on mixing efficiency is investigated in many different cases with two different heights of the duct and various input voltages of the electrodes. The current simulation results indicate that the mixing performance can be enhanced by using multiple sets of electrodes and applying higher input voltages（absolute values） to the electrodes.

关键词： CFX electrolyte solution Lorentz force mixer mixing efficiency

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Mixing features in an electromagnetic rectangular micromixer for electrolyte solutions

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2017年第4期29卷 668-678页

作者： M.M.Wen C.N.Kim Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School Kyung Hee University Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Kyung Hee University

In this study, a new magnetohydrodynamic（MHD） mixer for electrolyte solutions with pumping function is reported, and the mixing performance of the device for two different electrolyte solutions is numerically examined in a uniform magnetic field. Application of different potentials to different electrodes allows the current to be induced. The combination of the induced current and magnetic field yields Lorentz force, resulting in the fluid motion. The numerical simulation for the flows in the device is carried out with commercial software CFX. The validity of CFX code for the present numerical model is presented. The mixing performance of the fluids is investigated in many different cases with different combinations of input voltage of the electrode. This study shows that the mixing performance can be enhanced by applying spatially alternating positive and negative voltages to the electrodes. The present simulation results show that with a magnetic field intensity lower than 0.5 T, a voltage difference smaller than 2.0 V, and an electric conductivity of electrolyte solution of 1.5 S/m the pumping capabilities ranging 1.6×10^（-7）-3.6×10^（-6） kg/s and the mixing indexes higher than 0.90 can be obtained with sophisticated designs of the micromixer.

关键词： Mixer electrolyte solution Lorentz force CFX

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Aortic arch calcification on chest X-ray combined with coronary calcium score show additional benefit for diagnosis and outcome in patients with angina

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第3期13卷 218-225页

作者： Jong Shin Woo Weon Kim Se Hwan Kwon Hyo Chul Youn Hyun Soo Kim Jin Bae Kim Soo Joong Kim Woo-Shik Kim Kwon Sam Kim Cardiovascular Division Department of Internal Medicine Kyung Hee University Hospital Kyung Hee University Seoul South Korea Department of Radiology Kyung Hee University Hospital Kyung Hee University Seoul South Korea Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Kyung Hee University Hospital Kyung Hee University Seoul South Korea

Background The coronary artery calcium （CAC） and aortic arch calcification （AoAC） are individually associated with cardiovascular disease and outcome. This study investigated the predictive value of AoAC combined with CAC for cardiovascular diagnosis and outcome in patients with angina. Methods A total of 2018 stable angina patients who underwent chest X-ray and cardiac multi-detector computed tomography were followed up for four years to assess adverse events, which were categorized as cardiac death, stroke, myocardial infarction, or repeated revascularization. The extent of AoAC on chest X-ray was graded on a scale from 0 to 3. Results During the four years of fol- low-up, 620 patients were treated by coronary stenting and 153 （7%） adverse events occurred. A higher grade of AoAC was associated with a higher CAC score. Cox regression showed that the CAC score, but not AoAC, were associated with adverse events. In patients with CAC score 〈 400, AoAC showed an additive predictive value in detecting significant coronary artery disease （CAD）. A gradual increases in the risk of adverse events were noted if AoAC was present in patients with similar CAC score. Conclusions As AoAC is strongly correlated with the CAC score regardless of age or gender, careful evaluation of CAD would be required in patients with AoAC on conventional chest X-rays.

关键词： Aortic arch Atherosclerosis Calcification Coronary artery disease

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Dynamic enhanced computed tomography imaging findings of an inflammatory fibroid polyp with massive fibrosis in the stomach

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第11期23卷 2090-2094页

作者： Eun Jung Shim Sung Eun Ahn Dong Ho Lee Seong Jin Park Youn Wha Kim Department of Radiology Kyung Hee University HospitalGraduate SchoolKyung Hee University Department of Pathology Kyung Hee University HospitalGraduate SchoolKyung Hee University

Inflammatory fibroid polyp(IFP) is a rare benign lesion of the gastrointestinal tract. We report a case of computed tomography(CT) imaging finding of a gastric IFP with massive fibrosis. CT scans showed thickening of submucosal layer with overlying mucosal hyperenhancement in the gastric antrum. The submucosal layer showed increased enhancement on delayed phase imaging. An antrectomy with gastroduodenostomy was performed because gastric cancer was suspected, particularly signet ring cell carcinoma. The histopathological diagnosis was an IFP with massive fibrosis. The authors suggest that when the submucosal layer of the gastric wall is markedly thickened with delayed enhancement and preservation of the mucosal layer, an IFP with massive fibrosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

关键词： Inflammatory fibroid polyp Gastric polyp Gastric submucosal tumor Signet ring cell carcinoma Computed tomography imaging finding

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