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Zwitterionic peptides:Tunable next-generation stealth nanoparticle modifications

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第9期27卷 113-124页

作者： Clyde Overby Soomin Park Austin Summers Danielle S.W.Benoit Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Rochester RochesterNYUSA Center for Musculoskeletal Research University of RochesterRochesterNYUSA Department of Biology University of Rochester RochesterNYUSA Department of Biology Duquesne UniversityPAUSA Department of Chemical Engineering University of RochesterRochesterNYUSA Materials Science Program University of RochesterRochesterNYUSA knight campus for accelerating scientific impact Department of BioengineeringUniversity of OregonEugeneORUSA

Adsorption of proteins to nanoparticles(NPs),a complex process that results in a protein corona,is controlled by NP surface properties that define NP interactions in *** to control adsorbed protein quantity through surface modification have led to improvements in circulation time or ***,current approaches have yet to be identified to control adsorbed protein identities within the ***,we report the development and characterization of diverse zwitterionic peptides(ZIPs)for NP anti-fouling surface functionalization with specific and controllable affinity for protein adsorption profiles defined by ZIP *** serum exposure of ZIP-conjugated NPs and proteomics analysis of the resulting corona,we determined that protein adsorption profiles depend not on the exact composition of the ZIPs but on the sequence and order of charges along the sequence(charge motif).These findings pave the way for developing tunable ZIPs to orchestrate specific ZIP-NP protein adsorption profiles as a function of ZIP charge motif to better control cell and tissue specificity and pharmacokinetics and provide new tools for investigating relationships between protein corona and biological ***,overall ZIP diversity enabled by the diversity of amino acids may ameliorate adaptive immune responses.

关键词： Nanoparticles Protein corona Surface functionalization Peptide design Cellular uptake

impact of Particle Crush-Size and Weight on Rock-Eval S2,S4,and Kinetics of Shales

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第2期33卷 513-524页

作者： Deependra Pratap Singh David A.Wood Vivek Singh Bodhisatwa Hazra Pradeep K.Singh CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research Barwa Road campusDhanbad 826015India Academy of scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002India DWA Energy Limited Lincoln LN59JPUnited Kingdom

The Rock-Eval technique in the last few decades has found extensive application for source rock *** impact of shale particle crush-size and sample weight on key Rock-Eval measurements,*** S;curve(heavier hydrocarbons released during the non-isothermal pyrolysis-stage)and the S;curve(CO_(2)released from oxidation of organic matter during the oxidation-stage)are investigated in this *** high and low total organic carbon(TOC)samples of different thermal maturity levels,it is apparent that particle crush-size has a strong influence on the results obtained from RockEval analysis,with the effect being stronger in high-TOC *** comparison to the coarser-splits,S;and pyrolyzable carbon(PC)were found to be higher for the finer crush sizes in all the shales *** S_(2)CO_(2)oxidation curve shapes of Permian shales show contrasting signatures in comparison to the Paleocene-aged lignitic shale,both from Indian basins.A reduced TOC was observed with rising sample weight for a mature Permian shale from the Jharia basin,while the other shales sampled showed no significant *** results indicate that the S_(2)CO_(2)curve and the S_(2)T_(2),are strongly dependent on the type of organic-matter present and its level of thermal *** weight and particle size both influence the S;-curve shapes at different heating *** increasing sample weights,an increase in S;-curve magnitude was observed for the shales of diverse *** differences in the S;curve shape lead to substantially different kinetic distributions being fitted to these *** findings are considered to have significant implications for the accuracy of reaction kinetics obtained from pyrolysis experiments using different sample characteristics.

关键词： high-TOC shale analysis Rock-Eval pyrolysis total organic carbon sample specifications thermal maturity shale reaction kinetics petroleum geology

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Direct radiative forcing of urban aerosols over Pretoria(25.75°S, 28.28°E) using AERONET Sunphotometer data:First scientific results and environmental impact

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第12期26卷 2459-2474页

作者： Ayodele Joseph Adesina Kanike Raghavendra Kumar Venkataraman Sivakumar Derek Griffith Discipline of Physics School of Chemistry and Physics College of Agriculture Engineering and Science Westville CampusUniversity of Kwa Zulu–Natal Durban 4000 South Africa Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration School of Atmospheric PhysicsNanjing University of Information Science and Technology Optronic Sensor Systems Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)–DPSS Pretoria 0001 South Africa

The present study uses the data collected from Cimel Sunphotometer of Aerosol Robotic Network（AERONET） for the period from January to December, 2012 over an urban site,Pretoria（PTR; 25.75°S, 28.28°E, 1449 m above sea level）, South Africa. We found that monthly mean aerosol optical depth（AOD, τa） exhibits two maxima that occurred in summer（February） and winter（August） having values of 0.36 ± 0.19 and 0.25 ± 0.14,respectively, high-to-moderate values in spring and thereafter, decreases from autumn with a minima in early winter（June） 0.12 ± 0.07. The Angstrom exponents（α440–870） likewise,have its peak in summer（January） 1.70 ± 0.21 and lowest in early winter（June） 1.38 ± 0.26,while the columnar water vapor（CWV） followed AOD pattern with high values（summer） at the beginning of the year（February, 2.10 ± 0.37 cm） and low values（winter） in the middle of the year（July, 0.66 ± 0.21 cm）. The volume size distribution（VSD） in the fine-mode is higher in the summer and spring seasons, whereas in the coarse mode the VSD is higher in the winter and lower in the summer due to the hygroscopic growth of aerosol *** single scattering albedo（SSA） ranged from 0.85 to 0.96 at 440 nm over PTR for the entire study period. The averaged aerosol radiative forcing（ARF） computed using SBDART model at the top of the atmosphere（TOA） was- 8.78 ± 3.1 W/m2, while at the surface it was- 25.69 ± 8.1 W/m2 leading to an atmospheric forcing of ＋ 16.91 ± 6.8 W/m2, indicating significant heating of the atmosphere with a mean of 0.47 K/day.

关键词： Pretoria AERONET Aerosol optical depth Single scattering albedo Radiative forcing

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Large work function shift of organic semiconductors inducing enhanced interracial electron transfer in organic optoelectronics enabled by porphyrin aggregated nanostructures

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Nano Research 2014年第5期7卷 679-693页

作者： Maria Vasilopoulou Antonios M. Douvas Dimitra G. Georgiadou Vassilios Constantoudis Dimitris Davazoglou Stella Kennou Leonidas C. Palilis Dimitra Daphnomili Athanassios G. Coutsolelos Panagiotis Argitis Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INN) National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos' 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi Attikis Athens Greece Department of Chemical Engineering University of Patras 26500 Patras Greece Departmen of Physics University of Patras 26500 Patras Greece Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry Chemistry Department University of Crete Voutes Campus 71003 Heraklion Crete Greece

We report on large work function shifts induced by the coverage of several organic semiconducting （OSC） films commonly used in organic light emitting diodes （OLEDs） and organic photovoltaics （OPVs） with a porphyrin aggregated layer. The insertion between the organic film and the aluminum cathode of an aggregated layer based on the meso-tetrakis（1-methylpyridinium-4-yl） porphyrin chloride （porphyrin 1）, with its molecules adopting a face-to-face orientation parallel to the organic substrate, results in a significant shift of the OSC work function towards lower values due to the formation of a large interfacial dipole and induces large enhancement of either the OLED or OPV device efficiency. OLEDs based on poly[（9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl）-co-（1,4-benzo-2,1＇,3-thiadiazole）J （F8BT） and incorporating the porphyrin 1 at the cathode interface exhibited current efficiency values up to 13.8 cd/A, an almost three-fold improvement over the efficiency of 4.5 cd/A of the reference device. Accordingly, OPVs based on poly（3- hexylthiophene）（P3HT）, [6,6]-phenyl-C61 butyric acid methyl ester （PC61BM） and porphyrin 1 increased their external quantum efficiencies to 4.4% relative to 2.7% for the reference device without the porphyrin layer. The incorporation of a layer based on the zinc meso-tetrakis （1-methylpyridinium-4-yl）porphyrin chloride （porphyrin 2）, with its molecules adopting an edge-to-edge orientation, also introduced improvements, albeit more modest in all cases, highlighting the impact of molecular orientation.

关键词： porphyrins OLEDs OPVs aggregates

Underpinning the molecular programming attributing heat stress associated thermotoleranee in tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 1333-1351页

作者： Romit Seth Tony Kipkoech Maritim Rajni Parmar Ram Kumar Sharma Biotechnology Department CSIR-I nstitute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology(CSIR-IHBT)PalampurHimachal Pradesh 176061India Academy of scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) CSIR-HRDC CampusGhaziabadUttar Pradesh 201002India Teabreeding and genetic improvement division KALRO-Tea Research InstituteBox 82020200 KerichoKenya

The most daunting issue of global climate change is the deleterious impact of extreme temperatures on tea productivity and quality,which has resulted in a quest among researchers and *** current study aims to unravel molecular programming underpinning thermotolerance by characterizing heat tolerance and sensitivity response in 20 tea *** signi fi cantly higher negative in fl uence of heat stress was recorded in a sensitive cultivar with reduced water retention(47%),chlorophyll content(33.79%),oxidation potential(32.48%),and increase in membrane damage(76.4%).Transcriptional pro fi ling of most tolerant and sensitive cultivars identi fi ed 78 differentially expressed unigenes with chaperon domains,including low and high molecular weight heat shock protein(HSP)and heat shock transcription factors(HSFs)involved in heat shock response(HSR).Further,predicted transcriptional interactome network revealed their key role in thermotolerance via well-co-ordinated transcriptional regulation of aquaporins,starch metabolism,chlorophyll biosynthesis,calcium,and ethylene mediated plant signaling *** study identi fi ed the key role of HSPs(CsHSP90)in regulating HSR in tea,wherein,structure-based molecular docking revealed the inhibitory role of geldanamycin(GDA)on CsHSP90 by blocking ATP binding site at N-terminal domain of predicted ***,GDA mediated leaf disc inhibitor assay further af fi rmed enhanced HSR with higher expression of CsHSP17.6,CsHSP70,HSP101,and CsHSFA2 genes in *** the current study,efforts were made to extrapolate a deeper understanding of chaperons mediated regulation of HSR attributing thermotolerance in tea.

关键词： metabolism programming stress

Invisible face of COVID-19 pandemic on the freshwater environment:An impact assessment on the sediment quality of a cross boundary river basin in Turkey

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第2期37卷 139-150页

作者： Cem Tokatl? Laboratory Technology Department Evrenos Gazi Campus Trakya University

In the current research,the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown period on sediment quality of the MericErgene River Basin was evaluated by determining the potentially toxic elements(PTEs) in sediment samples collected from 25 sampling points in the *** some important ecological indicators including potential ecological risk index(PERI),contamination factor(CF),pollution load index(PLI),biological risk index(BRI),and geo-accumulation index(I) and some important statistical indicators including the Pearson correlation index(PCI),factor analysis(FA),and cluster analysis(CA) were applied to collected *** of all the investigated PTEs in sediment of the basin show significant differences between the pre-lockdown and lockdown *** PTE contents have considerably decreased by12.8%-45.4% during the lockdown ***,the results of applied sediment quality risk assessment indices showed significant improvement and the values have decreased by 22.4%-35.8%.In the lockdown period,reduction of industrial activities or limited production at many industrial facilities located in the basin reduced the amount of effluent,leading to significant improvement in sediment quality.

关键词： Meric-Ergene River basin Sediment quality Ecological-statistical indicators COVID-19 pandemic Lockdown period

Exploration of Methane Mitigation Efficacy Using Asparagopsis-Derived Bioactives Stabilized in Edible Oil Compared to Freeze-Dried Asparagopsis in Vitro

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第7期13卷 1023-1041页

作者： Robert D. Kinley Siong Tan Jemima Turnbull Shane Askew Jessica Harris Breanna M. Roque FutureFeed Pty Ltd. Townsville Australia Agriculture and Food Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Townsville Australia College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary Sciences Douglas Campus James Cook University (JCU) Townsville Australia Advanced Analytical Centre (AAC) Douglas Campus James Cook University (JCU) Townsville Australia

Asparagopsis oil products are of interest due to the stabilizing effects of the Asparagopsis-derived antimethanogenic bioactive compound bromoform (CHBr3). The objective of this in vitro series is to characterize antimethanogenic efficacy of freeze-dried Asparagopsis (FD-Asp) and Asparagopsis oil (Asp-Oil) and compare relative antimethanogenic response over time at multiple levels of CHBr3 delivery. Relative methane (CH4) emissions (mL/g) are based on in vitro apparent feed digested dry matter (IVDDM) after 24, 48, and 72 h of fermentation. CHBr3 contained in FD-Asp was included at 95, 191, and 286 mg/kg, and CHBr3 contained in Asp-Oil was included at 78, 117, and 175 mg/kg, to produce the Low, Mid, and High inclusions, respectively. Low FD-Asp had no significant impact on CH4 emissions, Mid FD-Asp demonstrated 91%, 44%, and 37% reductions, and the High FD-Asp demonstrated complete inhibition of CH4, after 24, 48, and 72 h of fermentation, respectively. Comparatively, Low Asp-Oil demonstrated a 46%, 28%, and 18% CH4 reduction, Mid Asp-Oil resulted in 99%, 92%, and 73% reductions, and the High Asp-Oil demonstrated complete inhibition of CH4 after 24, 48, and 72 h of fermentation, respectively. IVDDM and total volatile fatty acid (tVFA) production were not changed by the inclusion of FD-Asp and Asp-Oil. The results from this study show that Asparagopsis is not only a compelling CH4 mitigating feed supplement but is also able to be delivered in edible oil forms which will strengthen its applicability to on-farm use. This study is promising for the utility of Asp-Oil, and in vivo trials are essential to demonstrate the extent of efficacy of Asp-Oil in ruminant animals because FD-Asp has consistently demonstrated greater antimethanogenic efficacy in vivo compared to in vitro.

关键词： Asparagopsis Edible Oil Methane Greenhouse Gas Mitigation In Vitro

Rice Germination and Its impact on Technological and Nutritional Properties:A Review

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Rice science 2022年第3期29卷 201-215页

作者： LucasÁvila do NASCIMENTO Abhilasha ABHILASHA Jaspreet SINGH Moacir Cardoso ELIAS Rosana COLUSSI Department of Agroindustrial Science and Technology Federal University of PelotasPelotasUniversity Campuss/n96010-900PelotasRSBrazil Riddet Institute and Massey Institute of Food Science and Technology Massey UniversityPalmerston NorthNew Zealand Center for Chemical Pharmaceutical and Food SciencesFederal University of PelotasPelotasUniversity Campuss/n96010-900PelotasRSBrazil

Grain germination is a process involving numerous factors that influence the biochemical processes inside the plant *** review covered the abiotic factors that lead to the germination and significantly impact the nutritional properties and digestion behavior of rice *** macro-and micro-nutrients can be changed depending on the intensity of the applied variables during *** instance,germination time can increase the protein content in the grain and concurrently reduce its protein *** most cases,the number of bioactive compounds present in rice grains are increased regardless of germination *** can promote the complexation of nutrients and thus negatively interfere with the digestibility of *** review highlighted the influence of the germination process on the nutritional quality of rice grains,providing information about the germination conditions and their impacts on the anabolic and catabolic reactions of the grain,emphasizing the health benefits.

关键词： germinated rice nutritional aspect germination condition digestibility advantage

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Effect of Curing Environment on the Strength Properties of Cement and Cement Extenders

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2015年第1期6卷 33-39页

作者： Mark Bediako J. T. Kevern Eric Opoku Amankwah Council for scientific and Industrial Research Building and Road Research Institute Materials Engineering Development Division Kumasi Ghana Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering University of Missouri Kansas City Missouri USA Development Office University of Education-Winneba Kumasi Campus Kumasi Ghana

Curing of cement based products such as concrete and mortar, is very important to achieve good strength and durable products. However the curing environment plays a pivotal role in the overall quality of cement based products in terms of strength development. ASTM C192 allows moist curing either in a fog room or under water. However, these must meet ASTM C511 which controls temperature, and specifically for water curing, the concentration of calcium ions in the curing solution. Unfortunately in many parts of the world, water curing literally means curing in tap water. This is done primarily because there is a lack of knowledge or ignorance regarding the mobility and roll of calcium hydroxide in the curing process. To illustrate the differences, in this study, straight ASTM Type I/II Portland cement and that mixed with powdered waste clay bricks as a cement extender were used to prepare two different batches of mortars. The chemical properties of the powdered waste clay brick met the ASTM C618 standard specifications for Class N pozzolans. Both mortar specimens were cured under two different environment comprising of either water and lime saturated water. Mortar specimens were tested for compressive strength at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days of either curing conditions. Test results indicated that mortar specimens cured in lime saturated water obtained higher strength than those cured in fresh water at all ages of curing. Statistical inference drawn from ANOVA testing showed that curing conditions had significant impact on strength development of the blended and unblended cement systems. The study recommends that testing of concrete and mortar samples and other research related works be performed in lime saturated water other than fresh water.

关键词： Curing Water Lime Saturated Water Mortar Compressive Strength ANOVA