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Achalasia: A review of Western and Iranian experiences

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第40期15卷 5000-5009页

作者： Javad Mikaeli Farhad Islami Reza Malekzadeh Digestive Disease Research Center Shariati HospitalTehran University of Medical Sciences International Agency for Research on cancer king's college london Thames Cancer Registry

Achalasia is a primary motor disorder of the eso-phagus, in which esophageal emptying is impaired. Diagnosis of achalasia is based on clinical fi ndings. The diagnosis is confirmed by radiographic, endoscopic, and manometric evaluations. several treatments for achalasia have been introduced. We searched the PubMed Database for original articles and meta-analyses about achalasia to summarize the current knowledge regarding this disease, with particular focus on different procedures that are used for treatment of achalasia. We also report the Iranian experience of treatment of this disease, since it could be considered as a model for medium-resource countries. Myotomy, particularly laparoscopic myotomy with fundoplication, is the most effective treatment for achalasia. Compared to other treatments, however, the initial cost of myotomy is usually higher and the recovery period is longer. When performing myotomy is not indicated or not possible, graded pneumatic dilation with slow rate of balloon inflation seems to be an effective and safe initial alternative. Injection of botulinum toxin into the lower esophageal sphincter before pneumatic dilation may increase remission rates. However, this needs to be conf irmed in further studies. Due to lack of adequate information regarding the role of expandable stents in the treatment of achalasia, insertion of stents does not currently seem to be a recommended treatment. In summary, laparoscopic myotomy can be considered as the procedure of choice for treatment of achalasia. Graded pneumatic dilation is an effective alternative when the performance of myotomy is not possible for any reason.

关键词： Achalasia Esophagus Motility Treatment

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Tinker,tailor,soldier,cell:the role of C-type lectins in the defense and promotion of disease

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Protein & Cell 2023年第1期14卷 4-16页

作者： James N.Arnold Daniel A.Mitchell school of cancer and Pharmaceutical sciences King's College LondonLondon SE11ULUK Warwick Medical school University of WarwickCoventry CV22DXUK

C-type lectins(CTLs)represent a large family of soluble and membrane-bound proteins which bind calcium dependently via carbohydrate recognition domains(CRDs)to glycan residues presented on the surface of a variety of *** deconvolution of a cell’s glycan code by CTLs underpins several important physiological processes in mammals such as pathogen neutralization and opsonization,leukocyte trafficking,and the inflammatory ***,as our knowledge of CTLs has developed it has become apparent that the role of this innate immune family of proteins can be double-edged,where some pathogens have developed approaches to subvert and exploit CTL interactions to promote infection and sustain the pathological ***,CTL interactions with host glycoproteins can contribute to inflammatory diseases such as arthritis and cancer whereby,in certain contexts,they exacerbate inflammation and drive malignant *** review discusses the‘dual agent’roles of some of the major mammalian CTLs in both resolving and promoting infection,inflammation and inflammatory disease and highlights opportunities and emerging approaches for their therapeutic modulation.

关键词： C-type lectins DC-sIGN MBL selectins infection arthritis cancer

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Imaging assessment after sBRT for hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第7期6卷 78-85页

作者： Connie Yip Tiffany Priyanthi Hennedige Gary JRCook Vicky Goh Radiation Oncology National Cancer Centre SingaporeSingapore 169610Singapore Oncologic Imaging National Cancer Centre SingaporeSingapore 169610Singapore cancer Imaging King’s College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUnited Kingdom

The use of stereotactic body radiotherapy(sBRT)in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has increased over the past few ***,accurate evaluation of post-sBRT treatment response is essential to avoid over-treatment of responders as well as missing the opportunity to salvage *** are some intricate imaging differences after liver sBRT compared to those observed after conventional fractionated radiotherapy and other locoregional *** aim to review the imaging changes that occur following sBRT for HCC and their potential clinical implications.

关键词： Imaging liver stereotactic body radiotherapy hepatocellular carcinoma

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Experience with intraoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer: the Geneva University Hospital's experience

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Chinese Journal of cancer Research 2016年第4期28卷 463-466页

作者： Emanuela Esposito Michael Douek Division of cancer studies King's College London Department of Breast surgery Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale"–IRCCS

Background Breast conserving surgery along with adjuvant radiotherapy is effective in terms of local control and survival for early- stage breast cancer （1）. External beam radiotherapy （EBRT） following breast conserving surgery has been shown to improve survival by preventing local recurrence, in the Early Breast cancer Trialists＇ Collaborative Group meta-analysis （2）. standard radiotherapy typically requires numerous fractions over a 3-5 week period and is performed weeks or months after surgery or chemotherapy.

关键词： IORT Experience with intraoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer the Geneva University Hospital’s experience

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Postoperative sleep disorders and their potential impacts on surgical outcomes

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2020年第4期34卷 271-280页

作者： sanketh Rampes Katie Ma Yasmin Amy Divecha Azeem Alam Daqing Ma Facuity of Life sciences&Medicine King's College LondonLondon SEI 1ULUK Anaesthetics Pain Medicine and Intensive CareDepartment of Surgery and CancerFaculty of MedicineImperial College LondonChelsea and Westminster HospitalLondon SW109NHUK.

Postoperative sleep disturbance is a common occurrence with significant adverse effects on patients including delayed recovery,impairment of cognitive function,pain sensitivity and cardiovascular *** development of postoperative sleep disturbance is multifactorial and involves the surgical inflammatory response,the severity of surgical trauma,pain,anxiety,the use of anesthetics and environmental factors such as nocturnal noise and light *** of these factors can be managed perioperatively to minimize the deleterious impact on *** and non-pharmacological treatment strategies for postoperative sleep disturbance include dexmedetomidine,zolpidem,melatonin,enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAs) protocol and controlling of environmental noise and light *** is likely that a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies will have the greatest impact;however,further research is required before their use can be routinely recommended.

关键词： postoperative sleep disturbance surgical outcomes

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Comment on profitability analysis of a femtosecond laser system for cataract surgery using a fuzzy logic approach

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第3期10卷 497-498页

作者： Harrv William Roberts Melody Zhifang Ni David Phillip s. O'Brart Department of Ophthalmology Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London SE1 7ET UK king's college london London WC2R 2LS UK 3Division of Surgery Department of Surgery and Cancer Imperial College London St Mary's Hospital London W2 1NY UK Division of surgery Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College London St Mary's Hospital London W21NY UK

Dear Editor,We read with interest the recently published study by Trigueros et al（[1]）,highlighting the financial and management conditions of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery（FLACs）.The authors derived... 详细信息

关键词： cataract operations carefully nothing something enough sparse currently details comment

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Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in liver transplant setting:mechanisms and protective strategies

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2019年第4期33卷 221-234页

作者： sanketh Rampes Daqing Ma Faculty of Life sciences &Medicine King's College LondonLondon SE1 1UUK Anaesthetics Pain Medicine and Intensive CareDepartment of Surgery and CancerFaculty of MedicineImperial College LondonChelsea and Westminster HospitalLondon SW10 9NHUK.

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury is a major cause of liver transplant failure,and is of increasing significance due to increased use of expanded criteria livers for *** review summarizes the mechanisms and protective strategies for hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in the context of liver *** therapies,the use of pre-and post-conditioning and machine perfusion are discussed as protective *** use of machine perfusion offers significant potential in the reconditioning of liver grafts and the prevention of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury,and is an exciting and active area of research,which needs more study clinically.

关键词： liver transplantation reperfusion injury mechanism therapeutics ischemic preconditioning

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Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis: Non-invasive assessment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第45期22卷 9880-9897页

作者： Rustam N Karanjia Mary ME Crossey I Jane Cox Haddy Ks Fye Ramou Njie Robert D Goldin simon D Taylor-Robinson Liver Unit Division of Digestive Health Department of Surgery and Cancer Imperial College London St Mary’s Campus London W2 1NY United Kingdom Institute of Hepatology london Foundation for Liver Research 111 Coldharbour Lane London SE5 9NT United Kingdom Faculty of Life sciences and Medicine King’s College London London SE5 9NT United Kingdom MRC Gambia Atlantic Road Fajara The Gambia

Chronic liver disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and usually develops over many years, as a result of chronic inflammation and scarring, resulting in end-stage liver disease and its complications. The progression of disease is characterised by ongoing inflammation and consequent fibrosis, although hepatic steatosis is increasingly being recognised as an important pathological feature of disease, rather than being simply an innocent bystander. However, the current gold standard method of quantifying and staging liver disease, histological analysis by liver biopsy, has several limitations and can have associated morbidity and even mortality. Therefore, there is a clear need for safe and noninvasive assessment modalities to determine hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis. This review covers key mechanisms and the importance of fibrosis and steatosis in the progression of liver disease. We address non-invasive imaging and blood biomarker assessments that can be used as an alternative to information gained on liver biopsy.

关键词： Hepatic steatosis Fibrosis Non-invasive assessment Blood biomarker Ultrasound

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Correspondence on international consensus on natural-orifice specimen-extraction surgery(NOsEs)for colorectal cancer

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Gastroenterology Report 2020年第6期8卷 487-489,I0003页

作者： Joseph W.Nunoo-Mensah Mariam Rizk Department of Colorectal surgery King’s College Hospital Foundation NHS TrustLondonSE59AEUK

Natural-orifice specimen-extraction surgery(NOsEs)for colorectal disease is not a new surgical procedure,although its lack of penetration into common colorectal surgical practice may make it a relatively new *** et al.[1]were among the first to report the extraction of a colectomy specimen through the vagina in 1991 and,shortly thereafter,Franklin et al.[2]published the first report of partial colectomy with naturalorifice specimen extraction(NOsE)via the *** then,there have been several publications on the extraction of both malignant and benign colonic diseases from the caecum to the distal rectum through natural-orifice extraction *** procedures such as laparoscopic cholecystectomy,which was introduced in 1985 and rapidly diffused into the surgical community over a 2-to 3-year period,the dispersion of NOsEs has not been equivocal[3].As there are several reasons why some new surgical innovations may be taken up more quickly than others,the adoption curves of new procedures can take many ***,the tipping point that describes the onset of the peak rate of diffusion of the new technology usually occurs after the first 10%–20%of users have adopted it[3].From a global perspective,the adoptions curve for NOsEs has not obtained a peak rate of diffusion and appears to have arrested in the developmental and explorative phase of innovation[3].

关键词： orifice colorectal stewart

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The Role of Chinese Medicine in cancer Care——a Critical Review

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2016年第1期2卷 68-73页

作者： Dan Jiang Fan-Yi Meng Lily Li Fan Qu TCM Lincoln college Orthopedics surgeon in West Middlesex Hospital Women’s Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Faculty of Life sciences and Medicine King’s College London

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has been widely used in China and other East Asian countries for helping cancer patients. However, it is unavailable to most patients who are treated in NHs in UK, due to there is not enough evidence in using TCM in cancer patients, To try to establish the evidence base for using TCM in cancer patients management, the author reviewed the current available clinical reports to TCM treatment of cancer patients, mainly those of randomly assigned and controlled clinical trials(RCTs) with bigger samples, from maintaining the quality of life, enhancing immune system, remedying the side effects from radiotherapy and chemotherapy respectively, and to propose a role of TCM as an assistant therapy to the main therapies. We then concluded that TCM holds its unique value in maintaining good quality of life, and to help the patients through the operation, chemotherapy and radiotherapy to achieve better outcomes.

关键词： Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) cancer quality of life

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