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Evaluation of the sMOs and sMAP soil moisture products under different vegetation types against two sparse in situ networks over arid mountainous watersheds, Northwest china

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science china Earth sciences 2019年第4期62卷 703-718页

作者： Lanhui ZHANG Chansheng HE Mingmin ZHANG Yi ZHU key laboratory of West china’s environmental system (ministry of education) College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou University Department of Geography Western Michigan University

Assessment of the suitability of satellite soil moisture products at large scales is urgently needed for numerous climatic and hydrological researches, particularly in arid mountainous watersheds where soil moisture plays a key role in landatmosphere exchanges. This study presents evaluation of the sMOs(L2) and sMAP(L2_P_E and L2_P) products against ground-based observations from the Upstream of the Heihe River Watershed in situ soil Moisture Network(UHRWsMN) and the Ecological and Hydrological Wireless sensor Network(EHWsN) over arid high mountainous watersheds, Northwest *** show that all the three products are reliable in catching the temporal trend of the in situ observations at both point and watershed scales in the study area. Due to the uncertainty in brightness temperature and the underestimation of effective temperature, the sMOs L2 product and both the sMAP L2 products show "dry bias" in the high, cold mountainous area. Because of the more accurate brightness temperature observations viewing at a constant angle and more suitable estimations of single scattering albedo and optical depth, both the sMAP L2 products performed significantly better than the sMOs ***, comparing with station density of in situ network, station representation is much more important in the evaluation of the satellite soil moisture products. Based on our analysis, we propose the following suggestions for improvement of the sMOs and sMAP product suitability in the mountainous areas: further optimization of effective temperature; revision of the retrieval algorithm of the sMOs mission to reduce the topographic impacts; and, careful selection of in situ observation stations for better representation of in situ network in future evaluations. All these improvements would lead to better applicability of the sMOs and sMAP products for soil moisture estimation to the high elevation and topographically complex mountainous areas in arid regions.

关键词： sMOs sMAP Evaluation Different vegetation types sparse in situ networks Arid mountainous watershed

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互利作用促进了高山树线幼苗的存活

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第3期17卷 115-127页

作者： Wensheng Chen Jiangrong Li Jesús Julio Camarero Huihui Ding Fangwei Fu Yueyao Li Xiangyu Zheng Xiaoxia Li Wei shen shalik Ram sigdel steven W.Leavitt Eryuan Liang Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology Tibet Agricultural&Animal Husbandry UniversityNyingchi 860000China key laboratory of Forest Ecology in Tibet Plateau(Tibet Agricultural&Animal Husbandry University) Ministry of EducationNyingchi 860000China National Forest Ecosystem Observation&Research station of Nyingchi Tibet Nyingchi 860000China key laboratory of Alpine Vegetation Ecological security in Tibet Nyingchi 860000China Zhejiang Zhoushan Archipelago Observation and Research station Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Stationand Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-RestorationSchool of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China state key laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth system Resources and Environment(TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología(IPE-CsIC) Zaragoza 50059Spain Anhui Province key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-restorationMinistry of Natural ResourcesCollege of Resources and EnvironmentAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China laboratory of Tree-Ring Research University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

高山树线被视为记录气候变化对树木和森林影响的生态监测器。迄今为止,大多数树线研究都集中在气候变化如何驱动树线动态的变化。然而,关于生物相互作用如何调节树线变化,特别是在树木更新这一树线动态的瓶颈方面,人们知之甚少。本研究... 详细信息

高山树线被视为记录气候变化对树木和森林影响的生态监测器。迄今为止,大多数树线研究都集中在气候变化如何驱动树线动态的变化。然而,关于生物相互作用如何调节树线变化,特别是在树木更新这一树线动态的瓶颈方面,人们知之甚少。本研究假设种间和种内促进作用决定了高山树线树苗的定居和存活。为了验证这一假设,我们在青藏高原东南部的色季拉山高山树线交错区(海拔4300–4500 m)的3个生长生境(林冠内、林冠外和草地)中共计移植了630株不同年龄(4–6年、7–9年和10–15年)的急尖长苞冷杉(Abies georgei ***)幼苗,连续3年监测了移植后幼苗的微气候、高度生长、死亡率和叶片功能性状。结果发现,叶片功能性状的变化是由微气候驱动的。移植后,叶片可溶性糖和淀粉浓度以及C:P比增加,而叶面积减小。幼苗的资源利用逐渐转向更保守的策略,其背后机制主要受到了生理性状(非结构性碳水化合物和植物养分)的介导。同时,由结构方程模型发现太阳辐射、温度和水分条件在植物相互作用下,通过介导叶片形态性状的变化最终影响了幼苗的死亡率和年生长。上述研究结果表明,植物间的互利作用通过改变太阳辐射和叶片功能性状,最终在决定幼苗生长和存活上起到至关重要的作用,同时也为理解全球气候变化背景下高山树线动态变化的驱动机制提供了新的见解。

关键词：青藏高原移栽实验叶片功能性状太阳辐射

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environmental and technological effects on ancient social evolution at different spatial scales

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science china Earth sciences 2017年第12期60卷 2067-2077页

作者： DONG GuangHui LIU FengWen CHEN FaHu MOE key laboratory of western china's environmental systems(ministry of education) Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

The rise and fall of ancient cultures and civilizations is a hotly debated topic that has generated disagreements and disputes. In this paper we summarize some case studies on the abandonment of ancient sites, the prosperity and collapse of ancient cultures, and demographic changes, as well as the influence of environment and technology during the prehistoric and historic periods. We then suggest that the dominant influencing factors for the evolution of ancient societies vary by spatial *** the local scale, sudden disasters are critical factors leading to the destruction and abandonment of large settlements. On a regional scale, climatic variations(e.g., droughts or cold events lasting for decades or centuries) are important factors that induce the collapse of ancient civilizations and mass migrations, while an enduring and stable optimal climate facilitated the prosperity of ancient civilizations. On a global scale, major technological innovations and their dispersion lasting for centuries and even millennia are major catalysts for population growth and social development. Lastly, we illustrate a possible mechanism under which environmental and technological factors played a critical role in ancient human survival and social evolution on different spatial scales.

关键词： Prehistoric period Historic period Man-land relationship Cultural evolution sudden disaster Climatic variation Technological innovation

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Numerical simulation of landscape evolution and mountain uplift history constrain——A case study from the youthful stage mountains around the central Hexi Corridor,NE Tibetan Plateau

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science china Earth sciences 2021年第3期64卷 412-424页

作者： Baotian PAN shun CAI Haopeng GENG key laboratory of western china’s environmental systems(ministry of education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China

Landscape evolution models(LEMs)are essential tools for analyzing tectonic-climate interactions and reproducing landform-shaping *** this study we used a LEM to simulate the evolution of the mountains from the central Hexi Corridor in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau,where the climate is arid and the surface processes are relatively ***,there are pronounced differences in the topography between the mountains around the central Hexi *** East Jintanan shan,West Jintanan shan and Heli shan are located in the northern part of the corridor;and the Yumu shan in the southern ***,several representative areas were selected from these mountains to analyze the topographic characteristics,including the uniform valley spacing,local relief,and the outlet ***,a LEM for these areas was constructed using the Landlab platform,and the landscape evolution was *** uniform valley spacing and other topographic characteristics as the criteria,we compared the realistic and simulated terrain for different model ***,based on the similarity of the simulated and realistic terrain,we estimated the timing of the initial uplift and the uplift rate of the four mountain *** results are consistent with previous geological and geomorphological records from these youthful stage mountains that have not yet reached a steady *** findings demonstrate that LEMs combined with topographic characteristics are a reliable means of constraining the timing of the initial uplift and the uplift rate of the youthful stage *** approach can potentially be applied to other youthful stage mountains and it may become a valuable tool in tectonic geomorphology research.

关键词： Hexi Corridor Landscape evolution models Youthful stage mountains Topographic characteristics Uniform valley spacing

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The evolution of prehistoric arrowheads in northern china and its influential factors

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science china Earth sciences 2023年第9期66卷 2109-2124页

作者： Juanting YAO Huan XIA Ting LI Dongpeng LIN Yuanxin LI Xuke sHEN Jian WANG Dongju ZHANG key laboratory of western china’s environmental systems(ministry of education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Prehistoric projectile weapons are crucial for understanding the hunting behavior,survival strategies,and subsistence patterns of prehistoric *** were the primary prehistoric projectile weapon,and here we review the spatiotemporal distribution and changes in the morphology,quantity,and materials composition of arrowheads in the northern regions of china from the Middle and Upper Paleolithic periods to the Bronze Age,together with the factors that influenced these *** results reveal that primitive stone arrowheads appeared sporadically in the Middle Paleolithic ***,the“broad spectrum revolution”and microblade technology during the Upper Paleolithic promoted the regional-scale diffusion of broad and thick stone arrowheads in northern *** the Neolithic period,relatively narrow and thin stone and bone arrowheads spread rapidly across the entire Yellow River Basin and most of northeastern *** dominance of these two types of arrowheads alternated,during the period of 7000–5000 yr BP,the number of arrowheads peaked,possibly closely related to changes in the role of hunting(fishing and hunting)and gathering in the subsistence economy,human population size,and the emergence and development of a grinding *** the Bronze Age,a significant number of bronze arrowheads appeared,and the total number of arrowheads increased again,and their distribution expanded to northwestern *** emergence of a bronze smelting technology and inter-group conflicts may have been the primary factors influencing this *** results demonstrate that arrowheads were always an essential component of prehistoric tool *** to technological developments in subsistence strategies,the morphology,function,and popularity of arrowheads underwent substantial changes during different ***,a comprehensive study of prehistoric arrowheads can help better understand the subsistence patterns and processes of economic and societa

关键词： Northern china Prehistoric arrowheads spatio-temporal distribution Morphology changes subsistence patterns

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Evaluation of the applicability of multiple drought indices in the core zone of “westerlies-dominated climatic regime”

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science china Earth sciences 2023年第7期66卷 1504-1520页

作者： Huiwen GUO Wei HUANG Tingting XIE shuai MA key laboratory of western china’s environmental systems(ministry of education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Drought indices are frequently used to measure the intensity,start and end of ***,the performances of these indices depend on regions and the type of ***,it is necessary to evaluate whether these indices are applicable for a given *** study evaluated the ability of the self-calibrating Palmer Drought severity Index(sc PDsI),the standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(sPEI),and the standardized Moisture Anomaly Index(sZI) to describe the dry-wet conditions and drought events in the core zone of the “westerlies-dominated climatic regime”.The results showed that the 12-month sZI(sZI12) and sPEI(sPEI12) have good correlations with precipitation and PET respectively,while the sc PDsI can capture the changes in precipitation and soil *** Xinjiang region of china,the sZI12 and sc PDsI showed that this region gradually became wetter during 1961–2014,which was consistent with increased precipitation,decreased PET,and improved ***,the sPEI12 showed significant drying due to the strong influence of the PET,suggesting that this index exaggerated the drought conditions in this *** in Kazakhstan and the southern Central Asian regions has increased slightly over the past 50 years,but the PET has greatly increased,altogether,all three indices suggested a drying trend in Central *** evaluation of the ability of these drought indices to identify typical drought events in Xinjiang region of china suggested that the sc PDsI can better detect the typical drought events compared with the *** conclusion,the sc PDsI is the most suitable index for characterizing the long-term trend of hydroclimate conditions and drought events in the core zone of the “westerlies-dominated climatic regime”.This study provides a theoretical basis for the rational utilization and improvement of the drought index,which is critical for monitoring,attributing,and predicting of drought events in arid areas.

关键词： Drought index Applicability of the drought index Hydroclimate conditions Potential evapotranspiration Drought events

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Electroacupuncture targeting the immune system to alleviate sepsis

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Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 56-67页

作者： Mengyue Fang Yuye Lan Man Li Chennan Li Bin Xu Yan Ma sulukkana Noiprasert Xianghong Jing Lingling Yu Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina school of Basic Medicine Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina key laboratory of Integrated Acupuncture and Medicine Research of ministry of education Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina Wuhan No.1 Hospital Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina school of Integrative Medicine Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiangraiThailand Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and western Medicine Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina

sepsis is a life-threatening inflammatory syndrome with high morbidity and mortality ***,options for sepsis are still limited to general treatment in intensive care units(ICUs),and effective therapies that improve sepsis survival are *** disturbances play a vital role in the pathology of sepsis and are associated with protracted inflammation,susceptibility to infections,and ***,many investigators have focused on the potential benefits of immunomodulation therapy for ***(EA)has been practiced in clinics for many years and has shown advantages in treating infectious *** the last few decades,our understanding of the efficacy and mechanisms of EA in sepsis has undergone considerable *** searched the literature regarding“CNKI,Wan Fang Data,VIP Database,PubMed,and Ingenta Connect”from 2010 to 2023,using the keywords“sepsis”“septic”and“electroacupuncture”and 336 sources were ***,we included 82 studies that targeted the immune system to determine EA’s anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects on *** this review,we found that EA has clinical benefits in relieving septic inflammation,improving immune function,and attenuating related multi-organ injury through several mechanisms,such as activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway(CAP),vagaladrenal axis,inhibition of the nuclear factor Kappa-B(NF-κB)signaling pathway,signal transducers and activators of transcription(sTAT)signaling pathway,and improvement of immune cell ***,EA may be a promising complementary therapy for sepsis *** also expect these data will contribute to further studies on EA in sepsis.

关键词： Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway Electroacupuncture Nuclear factor Kappa-B sepsis signal transducers and activators of transcription Vagal-adrenal axis

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Altitudinal variation in Ginkgo leaf characters: Clues to paleoelevation reconstruction

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science china Earth sciences 2009年第12期52卷 2040-2046页

作者： XIE sanPing sUN BaiNian YAN DeFei DU BaoXia key laboratory of western china’s environmental systems of the ministry of education Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

After detailed studies of leaf area, leaf shape index, petiole length, stomatal density, stomatal index, and carbon isotope discrimination of Ginkgo biloba L., growing in Northwest china, the change trends of these parameters with an altitude gradient and their differences between sun and shade leaves were assessed. The results show that leaf area, petiole length, and stomatal parameters have no obvious linear relationship with altitude, but the carbon isotope discrimination shows a negative correlation with altitude, which has a potential to be an applicable paleo-altimeter. The results also suggest that the differences in stomatal density and stomatal index between sun and shade leaves had more influence on paleoelevation reconstruction than that in other parameters. Based on the linear and nonlinear correlations between carbon isotope discrimination and altitude, the paleoelevation evolution during the Middle Jurassic of the Yaojie Basin, Lanzhou in Gansu Province was estimated. The results show that the paleoelevation of the Yaojie Basin increased at first, and then decreased from the Aalenian to the early Bajocian and then to the late Bajocian in the Middle Jurassic.

关键词： altitude carbon isotope Ginkgo leaf area leaf shape index Middle Jurassic paleoelevation stomata

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Population genetic insights into the conservation of common walnut(Juglans regia)in Central Asia

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Plant Diversity 2024年第5期46卷 600-610页

作者： Linjiang Ye Robabeh shahi shavvon Hailing Qi Hongyu Wu Pengzhen Fan Mohammad Nasir shalizi safiullah Khurram Mamadzhanov Davletbek Yerlan Turuspekov Jie Liu CAs key laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina key laboratory of Plant Resources and Biodiversity of Jiangxi Province Jingdezhen UniversityJingdezhen 333400JiangxiChina Germplasm Bank of Wild species&Yunnan key laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceYasouj UniversityYasouj 75918-74934Iran University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Forestry and environmental Resources North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695United States Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Faculty of AgricultureKabul UniversityKabul D-1006Afghanistan National Academy of science of the Kyrgyz Republic Jalal-Abad Scientific CenterJalal-Abad 715600Kyrgyzstan laboratory of Molecular Genetics Institute of Plant Biology and BiotechnologyAlmaty 050040Kazakhstan

The common walnut(Juglans regia)is one of the most economically important nut trees cultivated *** its importance,no comprehensive evaluation of walnut tree population genetics has been undertaken across the range where it originated,Central *** this study,we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of 1082 individuals from 46 populations across Central *** found moderate genetic diversity of *** across Central Asia,with 46 populations clustered into three groups with a weak relationship between genetic and geographic *** findings reveal that the western Himalaya might be the core region of common walnut genetic diversity in Central Asia and that,except for two populations in Gongliu Wild Walnut Valley,humans might have introduced walnut populations to Xinjiang,*** observed distribution of the genetic landscape has probably been affected by historical climate fluctuation,breeding system,and prolonged anthropogenic *** propose the conservation of the core genetic diversity resources in the western Himalaya and pay special attention to populations from Gongliu in *** findings enhance our understanding of the genetic variation throughout the distribution range of *** in Central Asia,which will provide a key prerequisite for evidence-based conservation and management.

关键词： Central Asia Genetic diversity Germplasm management Gongliu wild walnut valley Juglans regia western Himalaya

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Fluvial terraces and their implications for Weihe River valley evolution in the sanyangchuan Basin

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science china Earth sciences 2017年第3期60卷 413-427页

作者： GAO Hongshan LI ZongMeng LIU XiaoFeng PAN BaoTian WU YaJie LIU FenLiang key laboratory of western china's environmental system Ministry of EducationCollege of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Lanzhou Institute of seismology China Earthquake AdministrationLanzhou 730000China

Fluvial terraces are important geomorphic markers for modern valley *** coupled with numeric ages,terraces can provide abundant information about tectonic,climatic,paleohydrological and the paleoenvironmental *** the basis of the paleomagnetic,electron spin resonance(EsR) and optically stimulated luminescence(OsL) dating,in addition to an investigation of local loess-paleosol sequences,we confirmed that 13 fluvial terraces were formed,and then preserved,along the course of the Upper Weihe River in the sanyangchuan Basin over the past 1.2 *** of the characteristics and genesis of these terraces indicate that they resulted from the response of this particular river system to climate change over an orbital *** changes can further be placed within the context of local and regional tectonic uplift,and represent an alternation between lateral migration and vertical incision,dependent upon the predominance of climatic and tectonic controls during different *** of the terraces are strikingly similar in that they have several meters of paleosols which have developed directly on top of fluvial deposits located on the terrace treads,suggesting that the abandonment of terraces due to river incision occurred during the transitions from glacial to interglacial *** temporal and spatial differences in the distribution patterns of terraces located on either side of the river valley indicate that a tectonic inversion occurred in sanyangchuan Basin at-0.62 Ma,and that this was characterized by a transition from overall uplift to depression induced by fault *** studies of the Basin's terraces indicate that formation of the modern valley of the Upper Weihe River may have begun in the late Early Pleistocene between1.4-1.2 Ma.

关键词： River terrace Valley evolution Tectonic activity Climate change sanyangchuan Basin

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