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Transcriptome Analysis of Heterosis in Survival in the Hybrid Progenies of‘Haida No.1’and Orange-Shelled Lines of the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第1期23卷 199-208页

作者： YANG Hang LI Qi key laboratory of mariculture Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China

Heterosis has been exploited to enhance the yield and adaptability in various shellfish species;however,the molecular basis of it remains unclear.The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is one of the most economically important aquaculture species,and its productive traits can be improved by hybridization.Here,an intraspecific cross between orange shell(O,10th generation)and‘Haida No.1’(H,13th generation)of C.gigas was performed to assess the heterosis of survival trait.Survival rates of hybrid family(OH)and inbred families(HH and OO)were compared at larval stage,and eyed-pediveliger larvae of three families were subjected to transcriptome analysis.The analysis results of best-parent heterosis and mid-parent heterosis showed that the hybrid family exhi-bited a high heterosis in survival relative to the parental families.The OH-M(OH vs.OO)and OH-P(OH vs.HH)had 425 and 512 dif-ferentially expressed genes(DEGs),respectively.Functional enrichment analysis of these DEGs revealed that the significantly enrich-ed genes function in virion binding,C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway,cellular defense response and other immune-related pro-cesses,which involves perlucin-like protein,CD209 antigen-like protein,ZNFX1,caspase-3 and acan genes.These differentially ex-pressed genes in OH-M and OH-P,together with the immune-related processes mentioned above may play an important role in the larval survival of C.gigas.In addition,three genes(CYP450,fucolectin and perlucin-like)are associated with the orange shell and low survival of maternal oyster OO.These findings provide support for the application of hybrid with superior survival and will facilitate the understanding of heterosis formation in the Pacific oyster.

关键词： Crassostrea gigas survival rate heterosis transcriptome

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Molecular Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of a G-Type Lysozyme in Yellow Drum(Nibea albiflora)

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 477-486页

作者： XIAO Yao LI Jiacheng TIAN Qianqian WU Baolan HAN Fang State key laboratory of mariculture Breeding Fisheries College of Jimei UniversityXiamen 361021China

Lysozyme(EC3.***.1.17)plays an important role in the immune response;as a nonspecific immune factor,it can resist causative agents.Lysozyme can be divided into c-type and g-type in fish.In a previous study,through genome-wide association analysis,the g-type lysozyme gene,which is named NaLyg in yellow drum(Nibea albiflora),was found to be a key candidate gene for disease resistance in response to Vibrio harveyi infection.The cDNA of NaLyg was 1025 bp,including four exons and three introns,and its open reading frame(ORF)had a full-length of 582 bp,encoding 193 amino acids.NaLyg was found to be conserved during evolution through bioinformatic analyses.The NaLyg protein possessed a sugar binding domain and three catalytic sites,including Glu71,Asp84 and Asp101.Quantitative qRT-PCR results confirmed that NaLyg gene mRNA was visibly increased after V.harveyi infection.The NaLyg protein purified by prokaryotic expression killed some gram-negative bacterial pathogens by inducing cell wall destruction,including V.harveyi,Aeromonas hydrophila and Edwardsiella tarda.Moreover,the NaLyg protein killed two gram-positive bacteria,Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus.Taken together,the experimental results suggested that the NaLyg protein of N.albiflora played an important role in fighting bacterial infections.

关键词： Nibea albiflora innate immunity Vibrio harveyi g-type lysozyme antibacterial activity

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Identification,Characterization,and Probiotic Potentials of Lactobacillus pentosus SF-1

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 509-517页

作者： JIAO Lin LIANG Shufei CHU Ruixia WANG Wentao MAI Kangsen LIU Ming WAN Min key laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed Ministry of Agriculture&Key Laboratory of MaricultureMinistry of EducationCollege of FisheriesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Engineering Research Center of mariculture Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China

In recent years probiotics have been considered as a potential substitution of antibiotics to control pathogens and treat infectious diseases in aquaculture.In the present study a strain of Lactobacillus pentosus,named as L.pentosus SF-1,was isolated from waters in aquaculture.The species identification of this strain was conducted by 16S rRNA sequence,and the physiological and biochemical characteristics of this strain were assessed.Furthermore,the virulence,antibiotic sensitivity,cell surface characteristics and acid/base-resistance of L.pentosus SF-1 were determined to evaluate the probiotic potentials of this strain.Specifically,L.pentosus SF-1 is sensitive to most common antibiotics,and no hemolysin was generated from it,indicating the safety of this strain to hosts.In addition,L.pentosus SF-1 was able to tolerate the artificial gastric juice at pH 3 for 4 h and the artificial intestinal fluid at pH 6.8 or 8.0 for 6 h.Moreover,the analysis of self-aggregation and the adhesion of L.pentosus SF-1 to organic solvents suggested a high potential of L.pentosus SF-1 to inhabit the hosts,which was confirmed by testing the colonization of L.pentosus SF-1 in germ-free zebrafish.Interestingly,L.pentosus SF-1 displayed a high bactericidal activity against several bacterial pathogens.Consistently,the incubation of L.pentosus SF-1 significantly promoted the expression of antimicrobial components in zebrafish,contributing to the protection of the fish from E.tarda infection in vivo.Taken together,the probiotic strain L.pentosus SF-1 could be applied as anti-infection reagent in aquaculture.

关键词： Lactobacillus pentosus probiotics antibiotics hemolysis cell surface characteristics bactericidal activity infection

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Non-Targeted Metabolomics Reveals the Metabolic Alterations in Response to Artificial Selective Breeding in the Fast-Growing Strains of Pacific Oyster

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 518-528页

作者： HU Boyang TIAN Yuan LIU Shikai LI Qi key laboratory of mariculture Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China

Pacific oyster(Crassostrea gigas)is one of the most important mollusks cultured all around the world.Selective breeding programs of Pacific oysters in China is initiated since 2006 and developed the genetically improved strain with fast-growing trait.However,little is known about the metabolic signatures of the fast-growing trait.In the present study,the non-targeted metabolomics was performed to analyze the metabolic signatures of adductor muscle tissue in one-year old Pacific oysters from fast-growing strain and the wild population.A total of 7767 and 10174 valid peaks were extracted and quantified in ESI^(+)and ESI^(−)modes,resulting in 399 and 381 annotated metabolites,respectively.PCA and OPLS-DA revealed that considerable separation among samples from fastgrowing strain and wild population,suggesting the differences in metabolic signatures.Meanwhile,81 significantly different metabolites(SDMs)were identified in the comparisons between fast-growing strain and wild population,based on the strict thresholds.It was found that there were highly correlation and conserved coordination among these SDMs.KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the SDMs were tightly related to pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis,steroid hormone biosynthesis,riboflavin metabolism,and arginine and proline metabolism.Of them,the CoA biosynthesis and metabolism,affected by pantetheine and pantothenic acid,might be important for the growth of Pacific oysters under artificial selective breeding.The study provides the comprehensive views of metabolic signatures in response to artificially selective breeding,and is helpful to better understand the molecular mechanism of fastgrowing traits in Pacific oysters.

关键词： metabolic signature Pacific oyster artificial selection fast-growing trait

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Assessment of the Characteristics of Demersal Fish Communities Using Species-and Trait-Based Approaches in the Coastal Habitats Along Rongcheng Bay,Shandong Peninsula,China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 786-796页

作者： YUAN Shunjie SUN Xin TU Zhong SUN Jie WANG Xianning ZHANG Peidong key laboratory of mariculture(Ocean University of China Ministry of EducationQingdao 266003China Shandong Fisheries Development and Resource Conservation Center Yantai 264003China

Biodiversity declines have motivated many studies on the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem functioning.In this study,we described the spatial-temporal characteristics of demersal fish communities along a coastal habitat in Rongcheng Bay,Shandong Peninsula,China with both species-based and biological trait-based approaches.The field survey was carried out monthly using traps from April to October of 2018,and divided into three seasons(spring:April and May;summer:June,July and August;autumn:September,October and November).The study area included five distinct habitats:seagrass bed,natural rocky reef,bare sand,artificial reef together with natural rocky reef,and artificial reef together with bare sand.We analyzed the fish communities with three taxonomic diversity indices,including Shannon-Wiener,Simpson,and Pielou Evenness,as well as four functional diversity indices,including FRic,FEve,FDiv,and FDis,based on 7 functional groups which are categorized into 27 traits.The results showed that there were no significant differences in taxonomic diversity indices among different habitats in the three seasons.However,significant differences were found in the functional richness of fish communities among different habitats in three seasons.Seagrass bed represented the highest functional richness in spring and autumn.This study demonstrates that seagrass bed is very important in enhancing the functional diversity of fish communities in a complex habitat.The study also indicates that the combination of taxonomic diversity and functional diversity will provide a more detailed description of the characteristics of fish communities.

关键词： complex habitat biological traits biodiversity fish communities

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Mating behaviors in ovoviviparous black rockfish(Sebastes schlegelii):molecular function of prostaglandin E2 as both a hormone and pheromone

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第1期6卷 15-30页

作者： Likang Lyu Yijia Yao Songyang Xie Xiaojie Wang Haishen Wen Yun Li Jianshuang Li Chenpeng Zuo Shaojing Yan Jingyi Dong Xin Qi key laboratory of mariculture(Ocean University of China) Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China

Prostaglandins(PGs)are profound hormones in teleost sexual behavior,especially in mating.PGs act as pheromones that affect the olfactory sensory neurons of males,inducing the initiation of a series of mating behaviors.However,the molecular mechanism by which PGs trigger mating behavior in ovoviviparous teleosts is still unclear.In the present study,we employed the ovoviviparous black rockfish(Sebastes schlegelii),an economically important marine species whose reproductive production is limited by incomplete fertilization,as a model species.The results showed that when the dose of PGE2 was higher than 10 nmol/L,a significant(P<0.05)increase in mating behaviors was observed.Dual-fluorescence in situ hybridization indicated that PGE2 could fire specific neurons in different brain regions and receptor cells in the olfactory sac.After combining with specific neurons in the central nervous system(CNS),a series of genes related to reproduction are activated.The intracerebroventricular administration of PGE_(2) significantly increased lhb levels(P<0.05)in both sexes.Moreover,steroidogenesis in gonads was also affected,inducing an increase(P<0.05)in E_(2) levels in males and T levels in females.PGE_(2) levels were also increased significantly(P<0.05)in both sexes.The present study revealed that PGE2 can activate mating behavior in black rockfish in both hormone and pheromone pathways,leading to variations in sex steroid levels and activation of reproductive behaviors.Our results provide not only novel insight into the onset of mating behaviors in ovoviviparous teleosts but also solutions for the incomplete fertilization caused by natural mating in cage aquaculture.

关键词： Black rockfish Mating behavior Ovoviviparity Prostaglandin E2

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Diversity and connectedness of brine shrimp viruses in global hypersaline ecosystems

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 188-203页

作者： Xuan Dong Cixiu Li Yiting Wang Tao Hu Fan Zhang Fanzeng Meng Meirong Gao Xuekai Han Guohao Wang Jiahao Qin Hans Nauwynck Edward CHolmes Patrick Sorgeloos Liying Sui Jie Huang Weifeng Shi State key laboratory of mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods Yellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesLaboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production ProcessesLaoshan LaboratoryKey Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease ControlMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsQingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and BiosecurityQingdao 266071China Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan 250021China key laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesTaian 271000China Dalian Ocean University Dalian 116023China Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center Tianjin University of Science&TechnologyTianjin 300457China Ghent University Ghent 9000Belgium Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases School of Medical SciencesThe University of SydneySydney 2006Australia Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific Bangkok 10900Thailand School of Public Health Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan 250117China

Brine shrimp(Artemia)has existed on Earth for 400 million years and has major ecological importance in hypersaline ecosystems.As a crucial live food in aquaculture,brine shrimp cysts have become one of the most important aquatic products traded worldwide.However,our understanding of the biodiversity,prevalence and global connectedness of viruses in brine shrimp is still very limited.A total of 143 batches of brine shrimp(belonging to seven species)cysts were collected from six continents including 21 countries and more than 100 geographic locations worldwide during 1977–2019.In total,55 novel RNA viruses were identified,which could be assigned to 18 different viral families and related clades.Eleven viruses were dsRNA viruses,16 were+ssRNA viruses,and 28 were−ssRNA viruses.Phylogenetic analyses of the RNA-directed RNA polymerase(RdRp)showed that brine shrimp viruses were often grouped with viruses isolated from other invertebrates and fungi.Remarkably,most brine shrimp viruses were related to those from different hosts that might feed on brine shrimp or share the same ecological niche.A notable case was the novel brine shrimp noda-like virus 3,which shared 79.25%(RdRp)and 63.88%(capsid proteins)amino acid identity with covert mortality nodavirus(CMNV)that may cause losses in aquaculture.In addition,both virome composition and phylogenetic analyses revealed global connectedness in certain brine shrimp viruses,particularly among Asia and Northern America.This highlights the incredible species diversity of viruses in these ancient species and provides essential data for the prevalence of RNA viruses in the global aquaculture industry.More broadly,these findings provide novel insights into the previously unrecognized RNA virosphere in hypersaline ecosystems worldwide and demonstrate that human activity might have driven the global connectedness of brine shrimp viruses.

关键词： brine shrimp Artemia virus diversity novel virus discovery global connectedness hypersaline ecosystem

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Molecular phylogenetic relationships based on mitochondrial genomes of novel deep-sea corals(Octocorallia:Alcyonacea):Insights into slow evolution and adaptation to extreme deep-sea environments

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 215-225页

作者： Zhan-Fei Wei Kai-Wen Ta Nan-Nan Zhang Shan-Shan Liu Liang Meng Kai-Qiang Liu Chong-Yang Cai Xiao-Tong Peng Chang-Wei Shao National key laboratory of mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods Yellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesQingdaoShandong 266071China BGI-Qingdao BGI-ShenzhenQingdaoShandong 266555China Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesSanyaHainan 572000China

A total of 10 specimens of Alcyonacea corals were collected at depths ranging from 905 m to 1633 m by the manned submersible Shenhai Yongshi during two cruises in the South China Sea(SCS).Based on mitochondrial genomic characteristics,morphological examination,and sclerite scanning electron microscopy,the samples were categorized into four suborders(Calcaxonia,Holaxonia,Scleraxonia,and Stolonifera),and identified as 9 possible new cold-water coral species.Assessments of GC-skew dissimilarity,phylogenetic distance,and average nucleotide identity(ANI)revealed a slow evolutionary rate for the octocoral mitochondrial sequences.The nonsynonymous(Ka)to synonymous(Ks)substitution ratio(Ka/Ks)suggested that the 14 protein-coding genes(PCGs)were under purifying selection,likely due to specific deep-sea environmental pressures.Correlation analysis of the median Ka/Ks values of five gene families and environmental factors indicated that the genes encoding cytochrome b(cyt b)and DNA mismatch repair protein(mutS)may be influenced by environmental factors in the context of deep-sea species formation.This study highlights the slow evolutionary pace and adaptive mechanisms of deep-sea corals.

关键词： Mitochondrial genome Alcyonacea Ka/Ks evolution Environmental factors

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Impacts of Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture on Phytoplankton in Sanggou Bay

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 835-843页

作者： HAN Jichang LIU Xing PAN Kehou LIU Jiaojiao SUN Yan JIN Guiyong LI Yun LI Yuhang College of Food Science and Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315832China key laboratory of mariculture(Ocean University of China Ministry of EducationQingdao 266003China Function laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Labo-ratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266100China laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture(IMTA)has been considered as an ecofriendly culture system providing a potential solution to environmental risks caused by intensive monoculture system.However,the impact of IMTA on phytoplankton remains unclear.In this study,the spatial and temporal variations of phytoplankton in Sanggou Bay were investigated seasonally based on 21 sampling sites covering three cultivation zones(bivalve zone,IMTA zone,and kelp zone)and one control zone(without aquatic cultivation).In total,128 phytoplankton species,with diatoms and dinoflagellates as the dominant groups,were obtained across the whole year,and the mean Shannon diversity index(H')and species richness(SR)were determined as 1.39 and 9.39,respectively.The maximum chlorophyll a(Chl-a)(6.32μg L^(-1))and plankton diversity(H'of 1.97)occurred in summer and autumn,respectively.Compared to other zones,the bivalve zone displayed significantly higher Chl-a and lower H'in majority of time.Pairwise PERMANOVA analysis indicated that the phytoplankton assemblage in the bivalve zone was significantly different with the control and kelp zones,while the IMTA zone maintained close to other three zones.Based on generalized additive models,temperature,NO_(2)^(-)-N,N/P ratio,SiO_(3)^(2-)-Si,and salinity were determined as the key factors underlying Chl-a and phytoplankton diversity.Addi-tionally,the results of redundancy analysis further indicated that the phytoplankton assemblage in the bivalve zone is positively re-lated with nutrients such as NO_(3)^(-)-N and NH_(4)^(+)-N as well as water depth,while the phytoplankton assemblages in the kelp,control,and IMTA zones are associated with NO_(2)^(-)-N,SiO_(3)^(2-)-Si,and salinity.Taken all observations into consideration together,it can be inferred that IMTA can effectively reduce Chl-a level compared to bivalve monoculture by reducing the nutrients.However,the SR,H’,and species composition of phytoplankton are primarily determined by local environment factors such as temperature,water depth,salinity a

关键词： phytoplankton diversity Sanggou Bay integrated multi-trophic aquaculture

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Development of SNP parentage assignment techniques in the yellowfin seabream Acanthopagrus latus

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第2期43卷 151-155页

作者： Hongbo Zhao Liangmin Huang Jing Zhang Songyuan You Qingmin Zeng Xiande Liu Fisheries College of Jimei University Xiamen 361021China key laboratory of Healthy mariculture for the East China Sea Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsXiamen 361021China Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Wudang District Guiyang CityGuizhou ProvinceGuiyang 550018China Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian Xiamen 361000China

Acanthopagrus latus is an essential aquaculture species on the south coast of China.However,there is a lack of systematic breeding of A.latus,which considerably limits the sustainable development of A.latus.As a result,genetic improvements are urgently needed to breed new strains of A.latus with rapid growth and strong resistance to disease.During selective breeding,it is necessary to estimate the genetic parameters of the target trait,which in turn depends on an accurate disentangled pedigree for the selective population.Therefore,it is necessary to establish the parentage assignment technique for A.latus.In this study,95 individuals selected from their parents and their 14 families were used as experimental material.SNPs were developed by genome resequencing,and highly polymorphic SNPs were screened on the basis of optimized filtering parameters.A total of 14392738 SNPs were discovered and 205 SNPs were selected for parentage assignment using the CERVUS software.In the model where the gender of the parents is known,the assignment success rate is 98.61%for the male parent,97.22%for the female parent,and 95.83%for the parent pair.In the model where the gender of the parents is unknown,the assignment success rate is 100%for a single parent and 90.28%for the parent pair.The results of this study were expected to serve as a reference for the breeding of new varieties of A.latus.

关键词： Acanthopagrus latus parentage assignment SNP Genome re-sequencing

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