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Diet restriction and exercise alleviate cognitive reduction of high fat diet(HFD)-induced obese mice by rescuing inflammation-mediated compromised insulin signaling pathway through activating AMPK/SIRT1 signal pathway and suppressing TLR4 signal pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Hu Zhang Ye Zhang Jiling Liang Jiahang Li Miao He Xin Liu Jielun Huang Minghui Wang Jingjing Fan Ning Chen Tianjiu Research and Development Center for exercise Nutrition and Foods， Hubei key laboratory of exercise Training and Monitoring， College of Sports Medicine， Wuhan Sports University physical Education Institute， Hubei University of Science and Technology

Obesity， caused by excessive energy， leads to body weight gain and various diseases， including cognitive impairment. Current studies suggest that diet restriction such as optimal fasting and regular exercise are crucial for improving cognitive capacity. However， further exploration is needed to understand the specific mechanisms of high fat diet (HFD)-induced cognitive decline in obesity. In the present study， 4-month-old mice were subjected to HFD feeding for 18 weeks， followed by aerobic exercise and high-intensity intermittent exercise， regular diet feeding， and intermittent fasting for 8 weeks， and then used to evaluate cognitive capacity， inflammation， compromised insulin signaling pathway， oxidative stress， and apoptosis in hippocampal tissue， as well as AMPK/SIRT1 and TLR4 signal pathways. Obese mice revealed impaired cognitive capacity as compared with mice fed with regular diets. In contrast， aerobic exercise， high-intensity intermittent exercise， regular diet， and intermittent fasting could inhibit apoptosis caused by inflammation-mediated compromised insulin signaling pathway in hippocampal tissues through activating the AMPK/SIRT1 signal pathway and suppressing the TLR4 signal pathway， thereby rescuing the cognitive impairment of obese mice. Therefore， diet restriction and exercise interventions may play a positive role in reverting obesity-induced cognitive impairment.

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exercise-induced adaptation of neurons in the vertebrate locomotor system

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 160-171页

作者： Yue Dai Yi Cheng Renkai Ge Ke Chen Liming Yang key Lab of Adolescent Health Assessment and exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education College of Physical Education and Health CareEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Shanghai key laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing School of Communication and Electronic EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China School of physical Education and Health Care East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China key laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies of Ministry of Education School of Computer SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Vertebrate neurons are highly dynamic cells that undergo several alterations in their functioning and physiologies in adaptation to various external *** particular,how these neurons respond to physical exercise has long been an area of active *** of the vertebrate locomotor system’s adaptability suggest multiple mechanisms are involved in the regulation of neuronal activity and properties during *** this brief review,we highlight recent results and insights from the field with a focus on the following mechanisms:(a)alterations in neuronal excitability during acute exercise;(b)alterations in neuronal excitability after chronic exercise;(c)exercise-induced changes in neuronal membrane properties via modulation of ion channel activity;(d)exercise-enhanced dendritic plasticity;and(e)exercise-induced alterations in neuronal gene expression and protein *** hope is to update the community with a cellular and molecular understanding of the recent mechanisms underlying the adaptability of the vertebrate locomotor system in response to both acute and chronic physical exercise.

关键词： Dendritic plasticity Excitability exercise Ion channel modulation Neuron adaptation

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exercise-induced microbial changes in preventing type 2 diabetes

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 892-899页

作者： Ting Yao Hui Wang Kaiqing Lin Ruwen Wang Shanshan Guo Peijie Chen Hao Wu Tiemin Liu Ru Wang School of exercise and Health Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic HealthShanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University School of MedicineXi’an 710061China Shanghai key laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health Institute of Metabolism&Integrative BiologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China State key laboratory of Genetic Engineering Human Phenome InstituteFudan Microbiome Centerand Department of Bariatric and Metabolic SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 201203China State key laboratory of Genetic Engineering Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismHuman Phenome Instituteand School of Life SciencesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

The metabolic benefits associated with long-term physical activity are well appreciated and growing evidence suggests that it involves the gut *** we re-evaluated the link between exercise-induced microbial changes and those associated with prediabetes and *** found that the relative abundances of substantial amounts of diabetes-associated metagenomic species associated negatively with physical fitness in a Chinese athlete students *** additionally showed that those microbial changes correlated more with handgrip strength,a simple but valuable biomarker suggestive of the diabetes states,than maximum oxygen intake,one of the key surrogates for endurance ***,the causal relationships among exercise,risks for diabetes,and gut microbiota were explored based on mediation *** propose that the protective roles of exercise against type 2 diabetes are mediated,at least partly,by the gut microbiota.

关键词： gut microbiota body fat diabetes handgrip maximum oxygen intake

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The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise on autoimmune diseases:A 20-year systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 353-367,I0001页

作者： Beibei Luo Dao Xiang Xiaorong Ji Xuan Chen Rui Li Shuxin Zhang Yujun Meng David C.Nieman Peijie Chen School of exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Shanghai key laboratory of Human Performance Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Department of Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Naval Medical CenterShanghai 200433China National key laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Human Performance laboratory Appalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research CampusKannapolisNC 28081USA Research Institute for Doping Control Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Background:The anti-inflammatory effect of exercise may be an underlying factor in improving several autoimmune *** aim of this systematic review was to examine the evidence on the role of exercise training in mitigating inflammation in adolescents and adults with autoimmune ***:PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase databases were systematically reviewed for related studies published between January 1,2003,and August 31,*** randomized and non-randomized controlled trials of exercise interventions with autoimmune disease study participants that evaluated inflammation-related biomarkers were *** quality of evidence was assessed using the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in exercise scale and Cochrane bias risk ***:A total of 14,565 records were *** screening the titles,abstracts,and full texts,87 were eligible for the systematic *** studies were conducted in 25 different countries and included a total of 2779 participants(patients with autoimmune disease,in exercise or control groups).Overall,the evidence suggests that inflammation-related markers such as C-reactive protein,interleukin 6,and tumor necrosis factor a were reduced by regular exercise *** exercise interventions combined with multiple exercise modes were associated with greater ***:Regular exercise training by patients with autoimmune disease exerts an anti-inflammatory *** systematic review provides support for the promotion and development of clinical exercise intervention programs for patients with autoimmune *** patients with autoimmune disease can safely adopt moderate exercise training protocols,but changes in inflammation biomarkers will be modest at *** exercise interventions are ineffective or even modestly but transiently pro-inflammatory.

关键词： Autoimmune diseases Cytokines Inflammation physical activity Training

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Aerobic exercise combined with huwentoxin-I mitigates chronic cerebral ischemia injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第4期12卷 596-602页

作者： Hai-feng Mao Jun Xie Jia-qin Chen Chang-fa Tang Wei Chen Bo-cun Zhou Rui Chen Hong-lin Qu Chu-zu Wu key laboratory of physical fitness and exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province Hunan Normal University College of physical Education Yichun University

Ca2＋ channel blockers have been shown to protect neurons from ischemia, and aerobic exercise has significant protective effects on a variety of chronic diseases. The present study injected huwentoxin-I （HWTX-I）, a spider peptide toxin that blocks Ca2＋ channels, into the caudal vein of a chronic cerebral ischemia mouse model, once every 2 days, for a total of 15 injections. During this time, a subgroup of mice was subjected to treadmill exercise for 5 weeks. Results showed amelioration of cortical injury and improved neurological function in mice with chronic cerebral ischemia in the HWTX-I ＋ aerobic exercise group. The combined effects of HWTX I and exercise were superior to HWTX-I or aerobic exercise alone. HWTX-I effectively activated the Notch signal transduction pathway in brain tissue. Aerobic exercise up-regulated synaptophysin mRNA expression. These results demonstrated that aerobic exercise, in combination with HWTX-I, effectively relieved neuronal injury induced by chronic cerebral ischemia via the Notch signaling pathway and promoting synaptic regeneration.

关键词： nerve regeneration chronic cerebral ischemia aerobic exercise huwentoxin-I Notch signaling pathway calcium overload neuralregeneration

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Interplay between microglia and environmental risk factors in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1718-1727页

作者： Miaoping Zhang Chunmei Liang Xiongjin Chen Yujie Cai Lili Cui Guangdong key laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangGuangdong ProvinceChina

Alzheimer s disease,among the most common neurodegenerative disorders,is chara cterized by progressive cognitive *** present,the Alzheimer’s disease main risk remains genetic ris ks,but major environmental fa ctors are increasingly shown to impact Alzheimer’s disease development and ***,the most important brain immune cells,play a central role in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis and are considered environmental and lifestyle"sensors."Factors like environmental pollution and modern lifestyles(e.g.,chronic stress,poor dietary habits,sleep,and circadian rhythm disorde rs)can cause neuroinflammato ry responses that lead to cognitive impairment via microglial functioning and phenotypic ***,the specific mechanisms underlying interactions among these facto rs and microglia in Alzheimer’s disease are ***,we:discuss the biological effects of air pollution,chronic stress,gut micro biota,sleep patterns,physical exercise,cigarette smoking,and caffeine consumption on microglia;consider how unhealthy lifestyle factors influence individual susceptibility to Alzheimer’s disease;and present the neuroprotective effects of a healthy *** intervening and controlling these environmental risk fa ctors at an early Alzheimer’s disease stage,understanding the role of microglia in Alzheimer’s disease development,and to rgeting strategies to to rget microglia,co uld be essential to future Alzheimer’s disease treatments.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease chronic stress environmental factor gut microbiota microglia particulate matter with diameter<2.5μm

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AICAR-based exercise mimetic alleviates aging-induced memory impairment through activating AMPK and improving mitochondrial quality control

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Bo Liao Yuan-Yuan Qin Shan-Yao Pan Gui-Ping Wang Zhi Jiang Bin Li Yao Wang Yu-Long Wang Ming-Chao Zhou Yong Zhang Gang Liu Zheng-Hong Qin Xue-Feng Xi Li Luo Department of Pharmacology and laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases (SZS0703) Jiangsu key laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for NeuroPsycho-Diseases， Soochow University School of Pharmaceutical Science College of physical Education， Henan University School of physical Education and Sports Science， Soochow University Department of Pharmacy， Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine laboratory Animal Center， Medical College of Soochow University Center Lab of Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou Department of Rehabilitation Medicine， Nan‘ao People's Hospital of Dapeng New District Rehabilitation Department， The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University， Shenzhen Second People's Hospital Tianjin key Lab of exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine， Tianjin University of Sport Department of Rehabilitation Medicine， Nanfang Hospital， Southern Medical University

Growing evidence suggests that exercise can provide neuroprotection by improving mitochondrial quality control (MQC) on the aged brain. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling responsiveness declines with aging. However， whether AMPK plays a role in the exercise-mediated improvement of memory and MQC in the aged hippocampus remains to be established. AICAR (5-Aminoimidazole 4-carboxamide ribonucleoside)， a pharmacological agonist of AMPK， has been proposed to be an exercise mimetic recently. However， it has not been clarified whether AICAR could mimic the effects of exercise on the aged hippocampus through improvement of MQC. In this study， AICAR (AMPK agonist) and Compound C (AMPK inhibitor) were used to investigate if AMPK plays a key role in exercise-induced improvement of MQC and if AICAR could act as an exercise mimetic through improvement of MQC in aged hippocampus. Both exercise and AICAR improved the memory of aged mice and increased AMPK phosphorylation in the aged hippocampus. exercise， but not AICAR， improved mitochondrial respiratory function in the aged hippocampus and increased the Microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) II/LC3 I ratio and the protein expression of LC3 II and Autophagy Related Protein 7 (ATG7) in the lysate of whole hippocampal tissue. Both exercise and AICAR increased the ratio of LC3 II/LC3 I and the protein expression of LC3 II in the mitochondrial fractions of the hippocampus. Regarding mitochondrial dynamics， neither exercise training nor AICAR changed the protein level of Mitofusin2 (Mfn2). exercise， but not AICAR， increased the protein level of Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). Furthermore， both exercise training and AICAR increased the protein level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α)， a modulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Compound C abolished the exercise-induced effects on memory in aged mice (Fig. 1)， AMPK phosphorylation， autophagy， mitop

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Predictive Ability of Hypertriglyceridemic Waist,Hypertriglyceridemic Waist-to-Height Ratio,and Waist-to-Hip Ratio for Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Clustering Screening among Chinese Children and Adolescents

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期37卷 233-241页

作者： XIAO Tian Li YUAN Shu Qian GAO Jing Yu Julien SBaker YANG Yi De WANG Xi Jie ZHENG Chan Juan DONG Yan Hui ZOU Zhi Yong key laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province School of MedicineHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081HunanChina The Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Chenzhou First People's Hospital Chenzhou 423000HunanChina Centre for Health and exercise Science Research Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong Kong 999077China Department of Sport Physical Education and HealthHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon TongHong Kong 999077China Vanke School of Public Health Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public HealthPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China

Objective Hypertriglyceridemic waist(HW),hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height ratio(HWHtR),and waist-to-hip ratio(WHR)have been shown to be indicators of cardiometabolic risk ***,it is not clear which indicator is more suitable for children and *** aimed to investigate the relationship between HW,HWHtR,WHR,and cardiovascular risk factors clustering to determine the best screening tools for cardiometabolic risk in children and *** This was a national cross-sectional *** and biochemical variables were assessed in approximately 70,000 participants aged 6–18 years from seven provinces in ***,physical activity,dietary intake,and family history of chronic diseases were obtained through ***,χ2 and logistic regression analysis was *** A significant sex difference was observed for HWHtR and WHR,but not for HW *** risk of cardiometabolic health risk factor clustering with HW phenotype or the HWHtR phenotype was significantly higher than that with the non-HW or non-HWHtR phenotypes among children and adolescents(HW:OR=12.22,95%CI:9.54-15.67;HWHtR:OR=9.70,95%CI:6.93-13.58).Compared with the HW and HWHtR phenotypes,the association between risk of cardiometabolic health risk factors(CHRF)clustering and high WHR was much weaker and not significant(WHR:OR=1.14,95%CI:0.97-1.34).Conclusion Compared with HWHtR and WHR,the HW phenotype is a more convenient indicator with higher applicability to screen children and adolescents for cardiovascular risk factors.

关键词： Hypertriglyceridemic waist Waist-to-hip ratio Children and adolescents China Hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height ratio Cardiovascular risk factors

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Effects of Xiaoyao San on exercise capacity and liver mitochondrial metabolomics in rat depression model

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第1期16卷 132-142页

作者： Weidi Zhao Cui Ji Jie Zheng Shi Zhou Junsheng Tian Yumei Han Xuemei Qin School of physical Education Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Institute of Biomedicine and Health Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China physical Activity Sport and Exercise Research ThemeFaculty of HealthSouthern Cross UniversityLismore NSW2480Australia Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China School of Health Yantai Nanshan UniversityYantai 265706China

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Xiaoyao San(XYS), a herbal medicine formula, on exercise capacity and liver mitochondrial metabolomics in a rat model of depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS).Methods: A total of 24 male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group(C), CUMS control group(M), Venlafaxine positive treatment group(V), and XYS treatment group(X). Depressive behaviour and exercise capacity of rats were assessed by body weight, sugar-water preference test, open field test, pole test, and rotarod test. The liver mitochondria metabolomics were analyzed by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) method. TCMSP database and Gene Cards database were used to screen XYS for potential targets for depression, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were ***: Compared with C group, rats in M group showed significantly lower body weight, sugar water preference rate, number of crossing and rearing in the open field test, climbing down time in the pole test,and retention time on the rotarod test(P exercise capacity indices were significantly modulated in rats in V and X groups compared with M group(P key targets such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF were predicted to be the main differential targets for the treatment of depression. Additionally, a total of 1 553 GO signaling pathways and 181 KEGG signaling pathways were identified, and the main biological pathways were AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and calcium signaling ***

关键词： depression exercise capacity liver mitochondrial metabolomics Xiaoyao San

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A comprehensive review of meal?replacement from dining table to sickbed: beyond biomedical potentials

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Hao Qiang Tianshu Xu Peng Ma Siyuan Zhang Guanhua Du Guifen Qiang Tengfei Ji The School of Chemistry， Cardiff University State key laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines， Institute of Materia Medica， Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and Beijing key laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research State key laboratory， Institute of Materia Medica， Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College

The emergence of meal replacement (MR) originates from physical exercise or fitness as a substitute for one or all meals and later expands to the field of weight loss. Indeed， the main application of current meal replacement is to lose body weight， whether patients with obesity， diabetes， fatty liver， infertile or pregnant women can benefit from weight loss. In addition， MRs still exhibit more biomedical potential in preventing and treating diseases， like anti-diabetes， improving fatty liver and kidney disease， preventing cancer， conceiving and reducing pregnancy complications， and improving life quality. Indeed， there are also disadvantages to meal replacement， including causing adverse effects， although most are acceptable and tolerated. To date， various commercially-developed MRs are walking from dining table to sickbed. Therefore， a scientific understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of meal replacements is crucial for their extensive application beyond biomedical potentials.

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