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Betaine affects muscle lipid metabolism via regulating the fatty acid uptake and oxidation in finishing pig

Journal of animal science and Biotechnology 2018年第1期9卷 187-195页

作者： Sisi Li Haichao Wang Xinxia Wang Yizhen Wang Jie Feng key laboratory of animal nutrition & feed Zhejiang Province College of Animal Science Zhejiang University

Background： Betaine affects fat metabolism in animals, but the specific mechanism is still not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate possible mechanisms of betaine in altering lipid metabolism in muscle tissue in finishing ***： A total of 120 crossbred gilts（Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc） with an average initial body weight of 70.1 kg were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments. The treatments included a corn–soybean meal basal diet supplemented with 0, 1250 or 2500 mg/kg betaine. The feeding experiment lasted 42 ***： Betaine addition to the diet significantly increased the concentration of free fatty acids（FFA） in muscle（P 〈 0.05）. Furthermore, the levels of serum cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were decreased（P 〈 0.05） and total cholesterol content was increased in muscle（P 〈 0.05） of betaine fed pigs. Experiments on genes involved in fatty acid transport showed that betaine increased expression of lipoprotein lipase（LPL）, fatty acid translocase/cluster of differentiation（FAT/CD36）, fatty acid binding protein（FABP3） and fatty acid transport protein（FATP1）（P 〈 0.05）. The abundance of fatty acid transport protein and fatty acid binding protein were also increased by betaine（P 〈 0.05）. As for the key factors involved in fatty acid oxidation, although betaine supplementation didn＇t affect the level of carnitine and malonyl-CoA, betaine increased mR NA and protein abundance of carnitine palmitransferase-1（CPT1）and phosphorylated-AMPK（P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions： The results suggested that betaine may promoted muscle fatty acid uptake via up-regulating the genes related to fatty acid transporter including FAT/CD36, FATP1 and FABP3. On the other hand, betaine activated AMPK and up-regulated genes related to fatty acid oxidation including PPARα and CPT1. The underlying mechanism regulating fatty acid metabolism in pigs supplemented with betaine is associated with the up-regulation of genes involved in fatty acid transport

关键词： Betaine Fatty acid intake Fatty acid oxidation Muscle Pig

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Effects of long-chain fatty acid supplementation on the growth performance of grower and finisher pigs: a meta-analysis

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Journal of animal science and Biotechnology 2019年第4期10卷 1037-1048页

作者： Zhi Li Bocheng Xu Zeqing Lu Yizhen Wang National Engineering laboratory of Biological feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Zhejiang Province Institute of Feed Science Zhejiang University

Background: Supplementation of feed with long-chain fatty acids(LCFAs) during the grower and finisher phases has long been discussed as a growth promotion strategy in pigs, but its effects are inconsistent. The purpose of our study was to comprehensively evaluate its effects on the growth performance based on the average daily gain(ADG), average daily feed intake(ADFI) and gain: feed(G:F) ratio and to unveil the roles of the basal diet, LCFA concentration and LCFA ***: We searched the Pub Med and Web of science databases(articles published from Jan 1 st, 2000, to Sep 30 th,2018;restricted to English) and compared LCFA-supplemented diets with control diets. We retrieved 2346 studies, 18 of which(1314 pigs, 26 records) were eligible for our analysis. We used a random-effects model to calculate the weighted mean differences(WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals(CIs). LCFA supplementation in the grower-finisher phase improved the ADG(WMD = 41.74 g/d, 95% CI: 8.81 to 74.66, P = 0.013) and G:F ratio(WMD = 0.019, 95% CI: 0.006 to 0.032, P = 0.003). For supplementation solely in the finisher phase, we found a similar performance in the ADG(WMD = 39.93 g/d, 95% CI: 26.48 to 53.38, P < 0.001) and G:F ratio(WMD = 0.019, 95% CI: 0.006 to 0.032, P < 0.001) but a reduction in the ADFI(WMD =-83.863 g/d, 95% CI:-156.157 to-11.569, P = 0.023). Specifically, approximately 5%LCFA supplementation in the finisher phase had significant effects on the ADG(WMD = 51.385 g/d, 95% CI: 35.816 to66.954, P < 0.001), ADFI(WMD =-102.869 g/d, 95% CI:-189.236 to-16.502, P = 0.02) and G:F ratio(WMD = 0.028, 95%CI: 0.018 to 0.039, P < 0.001), whereas a concentration of approximately 1% exhibited no ***: Overall, regardless of the basal diet and saturation, LCFA supplementation greatly improves the growth performance of grower and finisher pigs, primarily by increasing the energy density.

关键词： Energy density Finisher pig Grower pig Growth performance Long-chain fatty acid Meta-analysis Production performance

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Coated sodium butyrate ameliorates high‑energy and low‑protein diet induced hepatic dysfunction via modulating mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy and apoptosis in laying hens

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Journal of animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1190-1206页

作者： Sasa Miao Tianming Mu Ru Li Yan Li Wenyan Zhao Jiankui Li Xinyang Dong Xiaoting Zou key laboratory of animal feed and nutrition of Zhejiang province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science(Eastern of China)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsThe Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionMinistry of EducationCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China.

Background Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome(FLHS),a fatty liver disease in laying hens,poses a grave threat to the layer industry,stemming from its ability to trigger an alarming plummet in egg production and usher in acute mortality among laying *** evidence suggests that the onset and progression of fatty liver was closely related to mitochondria *** butyrate was demonstrated to modulate hepatic lipid metabolism,alle-viate oxidative stress and improve mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro and mice ***,there is limited existing research on coated sodium butyrate(CSB)to prevent FLHS in laying hens,and whether and how CSB exerts the anti-FLHS effect still needs to be *** this experiment,the FLHS model was induced by administering a high-energy low-protein(HELP)diet in laying *** objective was to investigate the effects of CSB on alleviating FLHS with a focus on the role of CSB in modulating mitochondrial *** A total of 288 healthy 28-week-old Huafeng laying hens were arbitrarily allocated into 4 groups with 6 replicates each,namely,the CON group(normal diet),HELP group(HELP diet),CH500 group(500 mg/kg CSB added to HELP diet)and CH750 group(750 mg/kg CSB added to HELP diet).The duration of the trial encompassed a period of 10 *** The result revealed that CSB ameliorated the HELP-induced FLHS by improving hepatic steatosis and patho-logical damage,reducing the gene levels of fatty acid synthesis,and promoting the mRNA levels of key enzymes of fatty acid *** reduced oxidative stress induced by the HELP diet,upregulated the activity of GSH-Px and SOD,and decreased the content of MDA and *** also mitigated the HELP diet-induced inflammatory response by blocking TNF-α,IL-1β,and F4/*** addition,dietary CSB supplementation attenuated HELP-induced activation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response(UPRmt),mitochondrial damage,and decline of ATPase *** diet decreased th

关键词： Autophagy Coated sodium butyrate Laying hens Lipid metabolism Mitochondria

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Overall assessment of antibiotic substitutes for pigs:a set of meta-analyses

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Journal of animal science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 763-777页

作者： Bocheng Xu Jie Fu Luoyi Zhu Zhi Li Mingliang Jin Yizhen Wang National Engineering laboratory of Biological feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of AgricultureKey Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Feed ScienceZhejiang University866 Yuhangtang RoadHangzhou 310058Zhejiang ProvincePeople’s Republic of China

Background:Antibiotic growth promoters are widely used to improve weight ***,the abuse of antibiotics can have many negative effects on *** alternatives to antibiotics is an urgent need in livestock *** aimed to perform a meta-analysis and network meta-analysis(NMA)to investigate the effects of feed additives as potential antibiotic substitutes(ASs)on bacteriostasis,growth performance,intestinal morphology and ***,the primary,secondary,and tertiary ASs were defined by comparing their results with the results of ***:Among 16,309 identified studies,37 were summarized to study the bacteriostasis effects of feed additives,and 89 were included in the meta-analysis and NMA(10,228 pigs).We summarized 268 associations of 57 interventions with 32 *** order of bacteriostasis effects was as follows:antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)≈antibiotics>organic acids>plant extracts>*** detected associations of 11 feed additives and 11 *** with a basal diet,plant extract,AMPs,probiotics,microelements,organic acids,bacteriophages,lysozyme,zymin,and oligosaccharides significantly improved growth performance(Pfeed additives exhibited no significant difference in effects on growth performance,IgG,and diarrhoea index/rate(P>0.05);AMPs and microelements significantly increased V/C(P<0.05);and zymin significantly improved lymphocyte levels(P<0.05).Furthermore,linear weighting sum models were used to com

关键词： Antibiotic substitutes Dose-effect relationship feed additives Meta-analysis Network meta-analysis Pigs

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Probiotic Paenibacillus polymyxa 10 and Lactobacillus plantarum 16 enhance growth performance of broilers by improving the intestinal health

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animal nutrition 2021年第3期7卷 829-840页

作者： Baikui Wang Li Gong Yuanhao Zhou Li Tang Zihan Zeng Qi Wang Peng Zou Dongyou Yu Weifen Li key laboratory of Molecular animal nutrition of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science(Eastern of China)of the Ministry of AgricultureKey Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Animal Nutrition and Feed SciencesCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang University310058HangzhouChina Hainan Institute Zhejiang UniversitySanya 572000China

With the ever-growing strict prohibitions on antibiotic growth promoters(AGP)in animal production,in-feed probiotics are becoming attractive alternatives to antibiotics in the poultry *** investigate the effects of Paenibacillus polymyxa 10 and Lactobacillus plantarum 16 on the growth performance and intestinal health of broilers,540 male Cobb 500 broilers of 1 d old were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 30 chicks per *** were fed with either a basal diet or basal diets supplemented with 1×108 colony-forming units(CFU)/kg *** 10(BSC10)or *** 16(Lac16)for 42 *** showed that Lac16 treatment improved(Pfeed conversion)of broilers at the starter phase,while BSC10 treatment slightly improved(P>0.05)the growth performance of the starter phase *** increased villus height(P<0.05)at d 14,21 and 42 and villus height to crypt depth ratio(P<0.05)at d 14 and 21 were observed in the ileum of the 2 probiotic ***,transmission electron microscopy results showed that the 2 probiotics enhanced the intestinal epithelial *** probiotic treatments up-regulated(P<0.05)the mRNA expression of fatty acid binding protein 1(FABP1)and sodium-dependent glucose transporters-1(SGLT-1)in the ileal mucosa of broilers at d *** addition,BSC10 and Lac16 treatments significantly(P<0.05)increased the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acids-producing bacteria,such as Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum,Faecalibacterium prausnitzii,Lachnospira and Cop-rococcu,and significantly(P<0.05)decreased the relative abundance of enteric pathogens(Escherichia coli,Bacteroides fragilis and Shigella sonnei).Furthermore,the 2 probiotic treatments also increased the positive connection among the intestinal microbes and the carbohydrate metabolism-related pathways of the intes-tinal bacteria(P<0.05),with decreasing(P<0.05)nucleotides biosynthesis-related pathways of the intesti

关键词： Paenibacillus polymyxa Lactobacillus plantarum Growth performance Intestinal health Broiler

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Fatty acids, inflammation and intestinal health in pigs

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Journal of animal science and Biotechnology 2016年第3期7卷 321-329页

作者： Yulan Liu Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for animal nutrition and feed Safety Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed ScienceWuhan Polytechnic University

The intestine is not only critical for nutrient digestion and absorption, but also is the largest immune organ in the ***, in pig production, inflammation induced by numerous factors, such as pathogen infection and stresses（e.g.,weaning）, results in intestinal mucosal injury and dysfunction, and consequently results in poor growth of pigs. Dietary fatty acids not only play critical roles in energy homeostasis and cel ular membrane composition, but also exert potent effects on intestinal development, immune function, and inflammatory response. Recent studies support potential therapeutic roles for specific fatty acids（short chain and medium chain fatty acids and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids） in intestinal inflammation of pigs. Results of these new lines of work indicate trophic and cytoprotective effects of fatty acids on intestinal integrity in pigs. In this article, we review the effect of inflammation on intestinal structure and function, and the role of specific fatty acids on intestinal health of pigs, especial y under inflammatory conditions.

关键词： Fatty acids Inflammation Intestine Pigs

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Plasma non-transferrin-bound iron uptake by the small intestine leads to intestinal injury and intestinal flora dysbiosis in an iron overload mouse model and Caco-2 cells

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science China(Life sciences) 2023年第9期66卷 2041-2055页

作者： Qian Zhang Haoxuan Ding Xiaonan Yu Qiwen Wang Xuejiao Li Ruiqiang Zhang Jie Feng key laboratory of animal feed and nutrition of Zhejiang province College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Iron overload often occurs during blood transfusion and iron supplementation, resulting in the presence of non-transferrin-bound iron(NTBI) in host plasma and damage to multiple organs, but effects on the intestine have rarely been reported. In this study, an iron overload mouse model with plasma NTBI was established by intraperitoneal injection of iron dextran. We found that plasma NTBI damaged intestinal morphology, caused intestinal oxidative stress injury and reactive oxygen species(ROS) accumulation,and induced intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis. In addition, plasma NTBI increased the relative abundance of Ileibacterium and Desulfovibrio in the cecum, while the relative abundance of Faecalibaculum and Romboutsia was reduced. Ileibacterium may be a potential microbial biomarker of plasma NTBI. Based on the function prediction analysis, plasma NTBI led to the weakening of intestinal microbiota function, significantly reducing the function of the extracellular structure. Further investigation into the mechanism of injury showed that iron absorption in the small intestine significantly increased in the iron group. Caco-2 cell monolayers were used as a model of the intestinal epithelium to study the mechanism of iron transport. By adding ferric ammonium citrate(FAC, plasma NTBI in physiological form) to the basolateral side, the apparent permeability coefficient(Papp) values from the basolateral to the apical side were greater than 3×10^(-6)cm s^(-1). Intracellular ferritin level and apical iron concentration significantly increased, and SLC39A8(ZIP8) and SLC39A14(ZIP14) were highly expressed in the FAC *** hairpin RNA(sh RNA) was used to knock down ZIP8 and ZIP14 in Caco-2 cells. Transfection with ZIP14-specific sh RNA decreased intracellular ferritin level and inhibited iron uptake. These results revealed that plasma NTBI may cause intestinal injury and intestinal flora dysbiosis due to the uptake of plasma NTBI from the basolateral side into the small i

关键词： iron overload non-transferrin-bound iron intestinal injury intestinal flora dysbiosis iron transporter

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Screening and characterization of a novel ruminal cellulase gene(Umcel-1) from a metagenomic library of gayal(Bos frontalis)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第4期15卷 855-861页

作者： LI Bi-feng ZHU Ya-xin GU Zhao-bing CHEN Yuan LENG Jing GOU Xiao FENG Li LI Qing XI Dong-mei MAO Hua-ming YANG Shu-Li yunnan Provincial key laboratory of animal nutrition and feed science Yunnan Agricultural University Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Biological science Huizhou University

Gayal is a rare semi-wild bovine species found in the Indo-China. They can graze grasses, including bamboo leaves, as well as reeds and other plant species, and grow to higher mature live weights than yunnan Yellow cattle maintained in similar harsh environments. The aim of this study was to identify specific cellulase in the gayal rumen. A metagenomic fosmid library was constructed using genomic DNA isolated from the ruminal contents of four adult gayals. This library contained 38400 clones with an average insert size of 35.5 kb. The Umcel-1 gene was isolated from this library. Investigation of the cellulase activity of 24 random clones led to the identification of the Umcel-1 gene, which exhibited the most potent cellulase activity. Sequencing the Umcel-1 gene revealed that it contained an open reading frame of 942 base pairs that encoded a product of 313 amino acids. The putative gene Umcel-1 product belonged to the glycosyl hydrolase family 5 and showed the highest homology to the cellulase （GenBank accession no. YP_004310852.1 ） from Clostridium lentocellum DSM 5427, with 44% identity and 62% similarity. The Umcel-1 gene was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coil BL21, and recombinant Umcel-1 was purified. The activity of purified recombinant Umcel-1 was assessed, and the results revealed that it hydrolyzed carboxymethyl cellulose with optimal activity at pH 5.5 and 45~C. To our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence for a cellulase produced by bacteria in gayal rumen.

关键词： gayal ruminal microorganism fosmid library Umcel-I gene gene expression cellulase activity

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Effects of starch and gelatin encapsulated vitamin A on growth performance,immune status and antioxidant capacity in weaned piglets

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animal nutrition 2020年第2期6卷 130-133页

作者： Yuhan Hu Lin Zhang Yu Zhang Haitao Xiong Fengqin Wang Yizhen Wang Zeqing Lu National Engineering laboratory of Bio-feed Safety and Pollution Prevention Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang ProvinceKey Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science(Eastern of China)Ministry of AgricultureInstitute of Feed ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

To evaluate the effects of gelatin and starch encapsulated vitamin A on growth performance,immune status and antioxidant capacity in weaned piglets,a total of 96 weaned piglets(body weight=9.11±0.03 kg,30-d-old)were randomly allotted to 3 treatments with 4 replications of 8 piglets *** 3 treatments were control diet(basal diet without addition of vitamin A),gelatin vitamin A diet(basal diet+13,500 IU/kg gelatin encapsulated vitamin A),and starch vitamin A diet(basal diet+13,500 IU/kg starch encapsulated vitamin A),*** results showed that piglets fed starch vitamin A diet had significantly higher final body weight and average daily gain compared to those in control and gelatin vitamin A groups(P<0.05).Gelatin and starch vitamin A supplementation both highly increased serum retinol concentration and immunoglobulin(Ig)M level when compared with the control group(P<0.05).Additionally,serum IgA level and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity were significantly increased by gelatin vitamin A diet on d 21 and starch vitamin A diet on d 42,respectively(P<0.05).These results demonstrated that dietary supple mentation of vitamin A could improve immune function and antioxidant capacity in weaned piglets,and starch vitamin A is better than gelatin vitamin A,especially in promoting the growth performance of piglets.

关键词： Starch encapsulated vitamin A Gelatin encapsulated vitamin A Antioxidant capacity Growth performance Immunity Piglets

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Preparation, characterization, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity studies of copper/zincloaded montmorillonite

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Journal of animal science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 670-676页

作者： Lefei Jiao Fanghui Lin Shuting Cao Chunchun Wang Huan Wu Miaoan Shu Caihong Hu animal science College Zhejiang UniversityKey Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou 310058People's Republic of China key laboratory of animal nutrition and feed in East China Ministry of AgricultureHangzhou 310058People's Republic of China

Background： A series of modified montmorillonites（Mt） including zinc-loaded Mt（Zn-Mt）, copper-loaded Mt（Cu-Mt）, copper/zinc-loaded Mt with different Cu/Zn ratio（Cu/Zn-Mt-1, Cu/Zn-Mt-2, Cu/Zn-Mt-3） were prepared by an ion-exchange reaction, and characterized using X-ray diffraction（XRD）, fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. The specific surface areas, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of the modified Mt were ***： In the modified Mt, hydrated Cu ions and Zn ions were exchanged in the interlayer space of Mt and the particles were irregular shapes. The results showed that Cu/Zn-Mt enhanced antibacterial and antifungal activity compared with Zn-Mt and Cu-Mt possibly due to the synergistic effect between Cu and Zn. Among the Cu/Zn-Mt with different Cu/Zn raitos, Cu/Zn-Mt with a Cu/Zn ratio of 0.98 or 0.51 showed higher antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria（Escherichia coli）, gram-positive bacteria（Staphylococcus aureus）, fungi（Candida albicans）.Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of Cu/Zn-Mt was correlated with its specific surface area. Cytotoxicity studies on IPEC-J2 cell showed a slight cytotoxicity of Cu/***： The current data provide clear evidence that in terms of its antimicrobial activity and relatively low toxicity, the Cu/Zn-Mt holds great promise for applications in animal husbandry.

关键词： Antimicrobial reagent Modified montmorillonites Synergistic antimicrobial effect

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