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Assessment of four different dietary amino acid profiles recommended for ISA Brown layer hens: A validation study

Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 438-446页

作者： Mehdi Toghyani Shemil Macelline Juliano C.de Paula Dorigam Peter V.Chrystal Peter H.Selle Sonia Y.Liu School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Sydney Poultry research foundation The University of Sydney Evonik Operations GmbH

The current feeding study was designed to validate the two dietary essential amino acid profiles(EAAP)established based on linear broken-line(LBL) and quadratic broken-line(QBL) models, in a previous study, against Evonik(AMINOHen) and breeder recommendations for ISA Brown layers for peak production(PP, 20 to 44 weeks of age), and post peak production(post PP, 44 to 75 weeks of age). The EAAP based on LBL models on average had 19.5% and 26.0% lower digestible AA(Lys, Met + Cys, Thr, Trp, Ile and Val), than the EAAP based on QBL models for PP and post PP, respectively. The EAAP based on AMINOHen and breeder recommendation had lower digestible AA than QBL, and higher EAAP than LBL models for both production phases. At 20 weeks of age, 224 ISA Brown layer hens were weighed and randomly allocated to individual battery cages. Each of the four diets was replicated 8 times with 7 birds per replicate. Egg production was recorded daily, and egg weights were measured at the end of each week. Feed consumption was measured at the end of each period. The egg production rate was not significantly affected by the diets and remained at around 98.0%(PP) and 95.0%(post PP)(P > 0.05). Birds fed diets based on LBL recommendation consistently laid smaller eggs, resulting in a lower egg mass(59.8 vs. 62.0 g egg/hen per day during PP, and 60.3 vs. 63.0 g egg/hen per day during post PP; P 0.05). The highest feed conversion ratio(FCR) during PP(P = 0.067) and post PP(P < 0.05) was recorded for the birds offered diets based on LBL recommendation. In conclusion, all four EAAP tested in this study support an above average egg production rate. However, the EAAP based on LBL models may potentially decrease the input feed cost per kilogram of eggs but are not set to optimise FCR and maximise egg mass.

关键词： Ideal amino acid profile Regression model Egg production Egg mass

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Efficacy of a diabetes Specific Nutrition Supplement on Glycemic, Anthropometric, Dietary and Gut Health Markers in Adults with Type 2 diabetes: An RCT

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 846-867页

作者： Deepti Khanna Hema S. Gopalan Kuzhandaivelu Abirami Vasudevan Sudha Rajagopal Gayatri Kejal Joshi-Reddy Jaladhi Bhatt Raman Ganesh Jeevan Karthikeyan Parkavi Vadivel Deepika Manoj Pareek Ranjit Mohan Anjana Viswanathan Mohan R&D Department Hindustan Unilever Limited Gurugram India Department of Foods Nutrition & Dietetics Research Madras Diabetes Research Foundation Chennai India Department of Diabetology Dr. Mohans Diabetes Specialities Centre Chennai India

With increasing incidence of diabetes, use of diabetes specific nutrition supplements (DSNS) is common for better management of the disease. To study effect of 12-week DSNS supplementation on glycemic markers, anthropometry, lipid profile, SCFAs, and gut microbiome in individuals with diabetes. Markers studied were glycemic [Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Post Prandial Glucose (PPG), HbA1c, Incremental Area under curve (iAUC), Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excursions (MAGE), Time in/above Range (TIR/TAR)], anthropometry [weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC)], lipid profile, diet and gut health [plasma short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)]. N = 210 adults were randomized to receive either DSNS with standard care (DSNS + SC;n = 105) or standard care alone (SC alone;n = 105). After 12 weeks, significant differences between DSNS + SC versus SC alone was observed in FBG [−3 ± 6 vs 14 ± 6 mg/dl;p = 0.03], PPG [−35 ± 9 vs −3 ± 9 mg/dl;p = 0.01], weight [−0.6 ± 0.1 vs 0.2 ± 0.1 kg;p = 0.0001], BMI [−0.3 ± 0.1 vs 0.1 ± 0.1 kg/m2;p = 0.0001] and WC [−0.3 ± 0.2 vs 0.2 ± 0.2 cm;p = 0.01]. HbA1C and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were significantly reduced in DSNS + SC [−0.2 ± 0.9;p = 0.04 and −5 mg/dl;p = 0.03] respectively with no change in control. Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) reported significant differences between DSNS + SC versus SC alone for mean glucose [−12 ± 65 vs 28 ± 93 mg/dl;p < 0.01], TAR 180 [−9 ± 42 vs 7 ± 45 mg/dl;p = 0.04], TAR 250 [−3 ± 27 vs 9 ± 38 mg/dl;p = 0.05], iAUC [−192 (1.1) vs −48 (1.1) mg/dl;p = 0.03]. MAGE was significantly reduced for both DSNS + SC (−19 ± 67;p < 0.001) and SC alone (−8 ± 70;p = 0.04), with reduction being more pronounced for DSNS + SC. DSNS + SC reported a decrease in carbohydrate energy % [−9.4 (−11.3, −7.6) %;p < 0.0001] and amount [−47.4 (−67.1, −27.7) g;p < 0.0001], increased dietary fiber [9.5 (7.2, 11.8) g;p < 0.0001] and protein energy % [0.9 (0.5, 1.3) %;p < 0.0001] versus SC alone. DSNS + SC reported signi

关键词： diabetes Specific Nutrition Supplement Standard of Care diabetes Glycemic Markers HbA1C

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Metabolic engineering and genome editing strategies for enhanced lipid production in microalgae

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BIOCELL 2024年第8期48卷 1181-1195页

作者： ANJANI DEVI CHINTAGUNTA SAMUDRALA PRASHANT JEEVAN KUMAR NUNE SATYA SAMPATH KUMAR Department of Biotechnology Vignan’s Foundation ScienceTechnology and ResearchVadlamudiAndhra Pradesh522213India ICAR-Directorate of Floricultural research Pune412307India

Depleting global petroleum reserves and skyrocketing prices coupled with succinct supply have been a grave concern,which needs alternative sources to conventional *** microalgae have been explored for enhanced lipid production,leading towards biodiesel *** microalgae have short life cycles,require less labor,and space,and are easy to scale ***,the primary source of lipids needed to produce biodiesel,is accumulated by most *** article focuses on different types of oleaginous microalgae,which can be used as a feedstock to produce *** biosynthesis in microalgae occurs through fatty acid synthesis and TAG synthesis ***-depth discussions are held regarding other efficient methods for enhancing fatty acid and TAG synthesis,regulating TAG biosynthesis bypass methods,blocking competing pathways,multigene approach,and genome *** most potential targets for gene transformation are hypothesized to be a malic enzyme and diacylglycerol acyltransferase while lowering phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity is reported to be advantageous for lipid synthesis.

关键词： Oleaginous microalgae Biodiesel TAG synthesis Metabolic engineering Genome editing

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Conceptual Updating and Improvement Path for China's Criminal Norms of juvenile Delinquency

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The Journal of Human Rights 2024年第3期 594-613页

作者：何挺王力达 LIU Haile Law School of Beijing Normal University juvenile Prosecution research Center of Beijing Normal University

China's criminal norms of juvenile delinquency suffer problems such as outdated legislative models, a lack of special provisions on convictions, an extensive criminal punishment system, and an oversimplified rights recovery system. Therefore, it is necessary to find an appropriate path to improve and strengthen the protection of special, prior rights of minors, based on updating relevant concepts. From the perspective of the law of juvenile delinquency, the law of human development reflects the decisiveness of juvenile delinquency, and the law of age-crime curve showcases the stages of juvenile delinquency. In terms of the treatment of juveniles who have committed crimes, the approach to juvenile delinquency in criminal law should shift from “commutation for children at discretion” to “child-friendly” and from social defense to individual rehabilitation. Based on conceptual updating, the criminal norms for juvenile delinquency should be improved in four aspects: first, establishing special rules to broaden the path of exculpation; second, promoting the leniency of sentencing by taking into account the perpetrator factor; third, introducing special types of punishment and methods of enforcement to strengthen preventive and educational punishments; fourth, building a multilevel rights recovery system to ensure the rehabilitation and development of juvenile offenders.

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Protecting Rights and Interests of Minors in China

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China News Release 2024年第6期 35-39页

作者： Yuan Ningning the base of juvenile affairs governance and legal research at the China University of Political Science and Law

Since China signed the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1990 and ratified it in 1992,the country has continually enhanced its protection of minors' rights to subsistence,development,being protec... 详细信息

关键词： protected Rights participation

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Knowledge-Enhanced Conversational Agents

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第3期39卷 585-609页

作者： Fabio Caffaro Giuseppe Rizzo LINKS foundation 10138 TurinItaly

Humanity has fantasized about artificial intelligence tools able to discuss with human beings fluently for *** efforts have been proposed ranging from ELIZA to the modern vocal *** the large interest in this research and innovation field,there is a lack of common understanding on the concept of conversational agents and general over expectations that hide the current limitations of existing *** work proposes a literature review on the subject with a focus on the most promising type of conversational agents that are powered on top of knowledge bases and that can offer the ground knowledge to hold conversation autonomously on different *** describe a conceptual architecture to define the knowledge-enhanced conversational agents and investigate different domains of *** conclude this work by listing some promising research pathways for future work.

关键词： conversational agent dialogue system knowledge enhancing artificial agent intelligent conversation

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Towards sustainable solar cells:unveiling the latest developments in bio-nano materials for enhanced DSSC efficiency

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Clean Energy 2024年第3期8卷 238-257页

作者： Sethu Narayanan Tamilselvan S.Shanmugan research Centre for Solar Energy Department of Engineering PhysicsCollege of EngineeringKoneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationGreen FieldsGuntur DistrictVaddeswaramAndhra Pradesh 522502India

Fossil fuels-instrumental in powering the nineteenth-century Industrial Revolution-are now under heightened scrutiny due to environmental concerns and carbon ***,there is a global impetus towards achieving carbon-neutral energy production,with solar energy emerging as a cornerstone in this *** the past three decades,dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs)have gained increasing prominence due to their unique *** review elucidates several crucial elements essential to DSSC construction,notably bio-nano materials,prized for their structural flexibility,cost-effectiveness and high molar absorption *** delves into the intricate relationship between molecular structure and DSSC performance,showcasing significant advancements with light-to-power conversion efficiencies reaching 11%.A comprehensive analysis of the photovoltaic performance of DSSCs utilizing bio-nano-based dyes offers invaluable insights into the state of this rapidly evolving *** components under scrutiny include transparent conductive oxide(TCO)layers,physical techniques for metal oxide deposition onto TCO thin films,diverse dye variants and foundational knowledge of components ripe for growth and ***,the review outlines the latest breakthroughs in the field,providing glimpses into the current status of prototype DSSCs.

关键词： DSSC performance TCO thin films environmental solution

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Neural membrane repair at the core of regeneration

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第7期19卷 1399-1400页

作者： Catarina Dias Jesper Nylandsted Danish Cancer Institute Membrane IntegrityCopenhagenDenmark Champalimaud research Champalimaud FoundationLisbonPortugal Department of Molecular Medicine University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark

Loss of plasma membrane integrity can compromise cell functioning and *** countera ct this eminent threat,euka ryotic cells have developed efficient repair mechanisms,which seem to have co-evolved with the emergence of vital membrane processes(Cooper and McNeil,2015).This relationship between basic cellular functioning and membrane repair highlights the fundamental significance of preserving membrane integrity for cellular life.

关键词： repair preserving integrity

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On a Different Trajectory

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ChinAfrica 2024年第6期16卷 14-16页

作者： YU JIANTUO China Development research foundation

China’s achievements in high-quality development,including poverty alleviation,decarbonisation,clean energy,and digitalisation,together with progress in other areas,have significantly contributed to the global sustainable development *** concept of“high-quality development”was first introduced in the report delivered by Chinese President Xi Jinping at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in *** emphasised that“China’s economy has been transitioning from a phase of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development.”

关键词： Communist delivered sustainable

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MicroRNA-630:A potential guardian against inflammation in diabetic kidney disease

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World Journal of diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1837-1841页

作者： Ashraf Al Madhoun Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics Dasman Diabetes InstituteDasman 15400Kuwait

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Wu et al published“MicroRNA-630 alleviates inflammatory reactions in rats with diabetic kidney disease by targeting toll-like receptor 4”.Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)stands as a significant complication occurring from diabetes mellitus,which contributes substantially to the morbidity and mortality rates *** tubular epithelial cell damage,often accompanied by inflammatory responses and mesenchymal transdifferentiation,plays a pivotal role in the progression of *** extensive research,the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying these processes remain to be *** et al remarkable work identifies microRNA-630(miR-630)as an emerging potential regulator of cell migration,apoptosis,and autophagy,prompting investigation into its association with DKD *** study endeavors to elucidate the impact of miR-630 on TEC injury and the inflammatory response in DKD *** role of miR-630 in human DKD will be of interest for future studies.

关键词： Diabetic kidney disease MicroRNA MicroRNA-630 Toll-like receptor 4 Inflammation

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