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A comparative investigation of the properties of coal-water slurries prepared from Australia and Shenhua coals

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Mining Science and Technology 2011年第3期21卷 343-347页

作者： Yun Zengjie Wu Guoguang Meng Xianliang Zhang Yuliang Shi Frank He Yaqun Luo Xiaoqiang School of Chemical Engineering and Technology China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221008 China julius kruttschnitt mineral research centre Brisbane 4068 Australia

Two coal samples of similar rank were chosen from Australia and China to investigate the differences in Coal-Water Slurry （CWS） made from them. The effect of ash content and particle size gradation on these properties was also studied. Different grinding times were used when grinding the two coals and particle size analysis of these ground coals was used to select samples with a ＂double-peak＂ particle size distri- bution. All the ＂double-peak＂ samples were used to prepare a CWS. The concentration, viscosity, fluidity, and stability of each CWS were measured. The results show that the properties ofa CWS prepared from a coal sample with a ＂double-peak＂ size distribution are better than those CWS prepared from samples with a mono-modal particle distribution. The ash content of Australian coal is 21.72g higher than the ash content of Shenhua coal. The highest coal concentration in slurry from the Australia coal is 11.01% higher than in CWS from the Shenhua coat. The fluidity and stability of the CWS prepared from the Australian coal are both better than the fluidity and stability of slurry prepared from Shenhua coal. High ash content in the Australian coal imnroves the nulning results of a CWS made from it.

关键词： Coal-Water Slurry"Double-peak" gradationSlurry ability Rheological property Stability

Effects of the grinding process on the preparation and qualities of CWS

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Mining Science and Technology 2011年第6期21卷 767-771页

作者： Yuliang Zhang Guoguang Wu Xianliang Meng Zengjie Yun Frank Shi Yaqun He Xiaoqiang Luo School of Chemical Engineering and Technology China University of Mining ＆ Technology Xu.zhou 221008 China julius kruttschnitt mineral research centre Brisbane 4068 Australia

Two different grinding processes were examined to determine the effect grinding has on the quality of a CWS. A series of slurries was prepared from Australian (Au) and Chinese (YZ) coals. Both types of coal were ground by a Chinese (CUMT) and an Australian (JK) grinding process. The performance tests of the prepared CWS showed that fluidity of all slurries was acceptable. The concentration of the CWS from YZ coal ground by the CUMT grinding process was higher than when the JK grinding process was used. The highest concentration was 70.14% in this case. The concentration of the CWS prepared from Au coal by the JK grinding process was higher than when the CUMT grinding process was used. The highest con- centration in this case was 70.97%. These differences are caused by the particle size distribution devel- oped during the different grinding processes.

关键词： Coal water slurry "Double-peak" gradation Slurry ability Grinding process Stability Fluidity

Relationship between coal size reduction and energy input in Hardgrove mill

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2012年第1期22卷 121-124页

作者： Zuo Weiran Zhao Yuemin He Yaqun Shi Fengnian Duan Chenlong School of Chemical Engineering and Technology China University of Mining&TechnologyXuzhou 221116China julius kruttschnitt mineral research centre University of QueenslandBrisbane 4068Australia

Hardgrove grindability index （HGI） is an important indicator of coal grindability, and is one of the most important parameters to determine the capacity of coal pulverizer in power station. However, HGI is an empirical grindability index without linkages to any known physical parameters. To investigate the effect of energy input on the grinding in Hardgrove mill. a T20WN torque meter was installed on the shaft of a modified Hardgrove mill to record the torque driving the mill. Samples from four kinds of coals with HGI ranging from 36 to 72 were prepared according to the procedure of standard HGI test and ground in a modified Hardgrove mill at different revolutions. The relation of sample size reduction degree to specific comminution energy （Ecs） was studied with Shi-Kojovic model, The results show that Shi-Kojovic model predicted well the coal size reduction degree with Ecs in Hardgrove mill. The griadability index given by Shi-Kojovic model has a similar trend with HGI. The relation of sample size reduction degree to Ecs reveals that HGI has a non-linear relationship with effective specific energy in Hardgrove mill, which explains the non-linear relation of HG1 to industrial pulverizer capacity.

关键词： Hardgrove mill Bed breakage Shi-Kojovic model CoalGrindability index

Grinding process within vertical roller mills: experiment and simulation

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Mining Science and Technology 2009年第1期19卷 97-101页

作者： WANG Jian-huai CHEN Qing-ru KUANG Ya-li LYNCH A j ZHUO Jin-wu School of Chemical Engineering and Technology China University of Mining ＆ Technology Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China Juius kruttschnitt mineral research centre Queensland University Brisbane Australia

Based on screening analysis, laser size analysis, grindability and rigidity tests of samples collected on line from a cement and a power plant, a simulation of the grinding process in vertical roller mills was carried out. The simulation calculation used a breakage function, B. The results indicate that the breakage function, B, and the selection function, S, in the form of a matrix, can be used to express the probability of the material breaking during the grinding process. This allows the size distribution of the product to be numerically estimated. The simulation results also show that the simulated size distribution curves fit the actual experimental product curves quite well. The model provides a good starting point for simulation of the grinding process. Further research is needed to determine the proper breakage function and the matrix value of the selection function.

关键词： vertical roller mill grinding simulation

Response of small rodents to manipulations of vegetation height in agro-ecosystems

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Integrative Zoology 2008年第1期3卷 3-10页

作者： Jens JACOB Federal research centre for Cultivated Plants-julius Kuehn Institute Vertebrate ResearchMünsterGermany

Some small mammal populations require human interference to conserve rare or threatened species or to minimizeadverse effects in plant production. Without a thorough understanding about how small rodents behave in theirenvironment and consideration of how they react to management efforts, management will not be optimal. Socialbehavior, spatial and temporal activity patterns, predator avoidance and other behavioral responses can affect pestrodent management. Some of these behavioral patterns and their causes have been well studied. However, theirimpact on pest rodent management, especially for novel management approaches, is not always clear. Habitatmanipulation occurs necessarily through land use and intentionally to reduce shelter and food availability and toincrease predation pressure on rodents. Rodents often respond to decreased vegetation height with reducedmovements and increased risk sensitivity in their feeding behavior. This seems to result mainly from an elevatedperceived predation risk. Behavioral responses may lessen the efficacy of the management because the desiredeffects of predators might be mediated. It remains largely unknown to what extent such responses can compensateat the population level for the expected consequences of habitat manipulation and how population size and cropdamage are affected. It is advantageous to understand how target and non-target species react to habitatmanipulation to maximize the management effects by appropriate techniques, timing and spatial scale withoutcausing unwanted effects at the system level.

关键词： behavior crop protection pest rodent population dynamics vegetation height

The carrot monoterpene synthase gene cluster on chromosome 4 harbours genes encoding flavour-associated sabinene synthases

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Horticulture research 2020年第1期7卷 69-81页

作者： Sven Reichardt Holger Budahn Dominic Lamprecht David Riewe Detlef Ulrich Frank Dunemann Lilya Kopertekh julius Kühn-Institut(JKI)-Federal research centre for Cultivated Plants D-06484 QuedlinburgGermany

In plants,low molecular weight terpenes produced by terpene synthases(TPS)contribute to multiple ecologically and economically important *** present study investigates a carrot terpene synthase gene cluster on chromosome 4 associated with volatile monoterpene *** carrot mutants,yellow and cola,which are contrasting in the content of low molecular weight terpenes,were crossed to develop an F2 mapping *** mapping analysis revealed overlapping QTLs on chromosome 4 for sabinene,α-thujene,α-terpinene,γ-terpinene,terpinen-4-ol and *** genomic region of this locus includes a cluster of five terpene synthase genes(DcTPS04,DcTPS26,DcTPS27,DcTPS54 and DcTPS55).DcTPS04 and DcTPS54 displayed genotype-and tissue-specific variation in gene *** on the QTL mapping results and the gene expression patterns,DcTPS04 and DcTPS54 were selected for functional *** vitro enzyme assays showed that DcTPS54 is a single-product enzyme catalysing the formation of sabinene,whereas DcTPS04 is a multiple-product terpene synthase producingα-terpineol as a major product and four additional products including sabinene,β-limonene,β-pinene and ***,we developed a functional molecular marker that could discriminate carrot genotypes with different sabinene content in a set of 85 accessions.

关键词： cluster volatile mapping

Ethyl-iophenoxic acid as a quantitative bait marker for small mammals

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第6期17卷 981-990页

作者： Kyra JACOBLINNERT Christian IMHOLT Detlef SCHENKE Jens JACOB julius Kühn Institute(JKI) Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsInstitute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and ForestsVertebrate ResearchMünsterGermany Department of Behavioral Biology University of OsnabrückOsnabrückGermany julius Kühn Institute(JKI) Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsInstitute for Ecological ChemistryPlant Analysis and Stored Product ProtectionBerlinGermany

Bait markers are indispensable for ecological research but in small mammals,most markers are invasive,expensive and do not enable quantitative analyses of ***-iophenoxic acid(Et-IPA)is a non-toxic,quantitative bait marker,which has been used for studying bait uptake in several carnivores and *** developed a bait with Et-IPA,assessed its palatability to common voles(Microtus arvalis),and determined the dose-residue-relation for this important agricultural pest rodent ***-IPA concentrations of 40 to 1280μg Et-IPA per g bait were applied to wheat using sunﬂower oil or polyethylene glycol 300 as potential *** a laboratory study,common voles were offered the bait and blood samples were collected 1,7,and 14 days after *** samples were analyzed with LC-ESI-MS/MS for blood residues of ***ﬂower-oil was the most suitable bait ***-IPA seemed to be palatable to common voles at all test ***-dependent residues could be detected in blood samples in a dose-dependent manner and up to 14 days after uptake enabling generation of a calibration curve of the dose-residue ***-IPA was present in common vole blood for at least 14 days,but there was dissipation by 33–37%depending on ***-IPA meets many criteria for an“ideal”quantitative bait marker for use in futureﬁeld studies on common voles and possibly other small mammal species.

关键词： baiting biomarker Microtus arvalis quantitative bait marker small mammals

Comparison of energy consumption and economic performance of organic and conventional soybean production——A case study from Jilin Province, China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第8期14卷 1561-1572页

作者： ZHANG Li-wei Til Feike Jirko Holst Christa Hoffmann Reiner Doluschitz Institute of Farm Management (410c) University of Hohenheim Institute for Strategies and Technology Assessment Julius Kühn-Institut Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants

Modern agriculture heavily depends on energy consumption, especially fossil energy, but intensive energy input increases the production cost for producers and results in environmental *** agricultural production is considered a more sustainable system, but there is lack of scientific research on the energy consumption between organic and conventional systems in *** analysis and comparison of energy use between the two systems would help decision-makers to establish economic, effective and efficient agricultural ***, the objectives of the present study are to analyze energy inputs, outputs, energy efficiency, and economic benefits between organic and conventional soybean（Glycine max（L.） Merrill） production.A total of 24 organic farmers and 24 conventional farmers in Jilin Province, China, were chosen for investigation in 2010 production *** energy input was 71.55 GJ ha–1 and total energy output was 96.18 GJ ha–1 in the organic system, resulting in an energy efficiency（output/input） of *** energy input was 9.37 GJ ha–1 and total energy output was 113.4 GJ ha–1 in the conventional system, resulting in the energy efficiency of *** huge discrepancy in energy inputs and respective efficiencies lies in the several times higher nutrient inputs in the organic compared to the conventional production ***, the production costs ha–1 were 33% higher, and the net income ha–1 25% lower in the organic compared to the conventional soybean production *** is recommended to improve fertilizer management in organic production to improve its energetic and economic performance.

关键词： energy consumption fossil energy economic benefit organic agriculture soybean production Jilin Province China

A small number of male-biased candidate pheromone receptors are expressed in large subsets of the olfactory sensory neurons in the antennae of drones from the European honey bee Apis mellifera

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Insect Science 2022年第3期29卷 749-766页

作者： Joerg Fleischer Alexander Rausch Kathrin Dietze Silvio Erler Sina Cassau Jurgen Krieger Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Institute of Biologyl ZoologyDepartment of Animal PhysiologyHalle(Saale) Institute for Bee Protection Julius Kuhn Institute(JKI)-Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsBraunschweigGermany

In the European honey bee(Apis mellifera),the olfactory system is essential for foraging and intraspecific communication via *** bees are equipped with a large repertoire of olfactory receptors belonging to the insect odorant receptor(OR)*** studies have indicated that the transcription level of a few OR types including OR11,a receptor activated by the queen-released pheromone compound(2£)-9-oxodecenoic acid(9-ODA),is significantly higher in the antenna of males(drones)than in female ***,the number and distribution of antennal cells expressing male-biased ORs is ***,we analyzed antennal sections from bees by in situ hybridization for the expression of the male-biased receptors OR11,OR18,and *** results demonstrate that these receptors are expressed in only moderate numbers of cells in the antennae of females(workers and queens),whereas substantially higher cell numbers express these ORs in ***,the reported male-biased transcript levels are due to sex-specific differences in the number of antennal cells expressing these *** analyses for OR11 and OR18 in drone antennae revealed expression in two distinct subsets of olfactory sensory neurons(OSNs)that in total account for approximately 69%of the OR-positive *** high percentages of OSNs expressing given receptors are reminiscent of male-biased ORs in moths that mediate the detection of female-released sex pheromone ***,our findings indicate remarkable similarities between male antennae of bees and moths and support the concept that male-biased ORs in bee drones serve the detection of female-emitted sex pheromones.

关键词： chemosensory odorant receptor olfaction pheromone detection sensilla placodea