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Classification and antioxidant assays of polyphenols:a review

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Journal of Future foods 2024年第3期4卷 193-204页

作者： Yuxi Lang Ningxuan Gao Zhihuan Zang Xianjun Meng Yang Lin Shufang Yang Yiyun Yang Zhufeng Jin Bin Li co.lege of Food Science Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China co.lege of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment&Utilization of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310014China Zhejiang Lanmei Technology co. LtdZhuji 311800China

Polyphenols are widely reco.nized as the effective antioxidants,which are divided into flavonoids,phenolic acids,stilbenes,lignans,tannins and so *** co.ld regulate internal functions and protect the body from diseases related to oxidative *** to the fact that their antioxidant capacity is influenced by the structure,stability and bioavailability,the detection of their bioactivity should be co.sidered ***,the methods for measuring the antioxidant capacity of phenolic co.pounds are divided into chemical,cell-based and in vivo *** chemical assays include 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl(DPPHI),2,2"-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS),ferric reducing/antioxidant power(FRAP),oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC),peroxyI radical scavenging capacity(PSC),which are rapid identification method,but their reaction mechanism has a great gap with the internal body *** cell-based assays are more co.sistent with biological reaction,but still do not take the bioavailability into *** in vivo assays,which co.monly utilized Caenorhabditis elegans or rats as models,are more representative,but these methods are more co.plex and spend *** review summarizes the antioxidant evaluation methods of phenolic co.pounds and discusses their advantages and limitations co.paratively,which co.ld help discriminate and select the appropriate assay in the actual operation,and facilitate the development of co.prehensive approaches as well.

关键词： Polyphenols Classification Antioxidant assays Chemical assays Cell-based assays In vivo assays

Distribution of antioxidants and phenolic co.pounds in flour milling fractions from hard red winter wheat

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第2期7卷 71-78页

作者： Lauren Renee Brewer Jittawan Kubola Sirithon Siriamornpun Yong-Cheng Shi Department of Grain Science and industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Department of Food Innovation and Processing Faculty of Agricultural TechnologyBuriram Rajabhat UniversityBuriram 31000Thailand Research Unit of Thai Food innovation Department of Food Technology and NutritionMahasarakham UniversityMahasarakham 44000Thailand

Mature wheat kernels co.tain three main parts:endosperm,bran,and *** milling results in multiple streams that are chemically different;however,the distribution of antioxidants and phenolic co.pounds has not been well documented in terms of co.ventional milling by-product *** this study,multiple analytical methods were used to investigate antioxidant activity and phenolic co.pound co.positions of hard red winter wheat(whole ground wheat),the parts of a wheat kernel(bran,flour,germ),and wheat by-product streams(mill feed,red dog,shorts)for the first *** each mill stream,phenolic co.pounds(total,flavonoid,and anthocyanin co.tents)were determined and antioxidant activities were evaluated with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical-scavenging activity,ferric reducing/antioxidant power(FRAP),and total antioxidant capacity *** differences(Pco.centrations among fractions of bran,flour,and germ milled from the same kernels and noted that germ acco.nts for the majority of antioxidant properties,whereas bran co.tains a substantial portion of phenolic co.pounds and *** feed was high in phenolic co.tent(5.29 mg FAE/g),total antioxidant capacity(866 mg/g),and antioxidant activity(up to 75% DPPH inhibition and 20.26μmol FeSO_(4)/g).The co.prehensive information on distribution of antioxidants and phenolic co.pounds provides insights for future human co.sumption of co.monly produced co.products from flour milling,and for selecting and using different milling fractions to make foods with improved nutritional properties.

关键词： Wheat Milling streams Antioxidants Phenolic acids Flavonoid Anthocyanin

The nutritional value of Spirulina and utilization research

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Life Research 2023年第3期6卷 35-46页

作者： Yuan-Yuan Wang Bao-Liang Xu Chun-Ming Dong Yan-Yan Sun co.lege of Marine and Environmental Sciences Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China Research and Development Department Jinan Deheng Medical Technology Co.Ltd.Jinan 250031China

With the development of modern society,the demand for nutrition,health,and food safety among people is also *** and more co.sumers are co.necting their diet to a healthy lifestyle in order to reduce the occurrence of chronic ***,known as green ginseng,is one of the most productive microalgae with high output *** is co.sidered as one of the most ideal dietary supplements due to its unique nutritional and health *** main co.ponents of spirulina include protein,fat,vitamins,chlorophyll,and *** protein co.tent is particularly high,ranging from 60-70%.Spirulina can be used as a natural nutritional supplement,providing various essential nutrients needed by the *** from being a nutritional supplement,spirulina is also widely utilized in the food,medicine,and co.metics *** powder can be added to various foods such as bread,cakes,and biscuits to enhance their nutritional *** extract can also be used in the production of healthcare and beauty ***,the antioxidant and immune-boosting effects of spirulina make it a promising natural medicine for research in the treatment of cancer and liver *** paper aims to provide co.prehensive information on the nutritional co.position,seco.dary metabolites,and biological activities of spirulina,thereby co.tributing to the spirulina industry.

关键词： Spirulina Nutrition facts Bioactive substances

Antitumor Effects and Acute Oral Toxicity Studies of a Plant Extract Mixture co.taining <i>Rhus verniciflua</i>and Some Other Herbs

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Open Journal of Immunology 2015年第1期5卷 39-49页

作者： Wataru Hiruma Kohei Suruga Kazunari Kadokura Tsuyoshi Tomita Ayaka Miyata Yoshihiro Sekino Masahiko Kimura Nobuo Yamaguchi Yasuhiro Komatsu C. A. Tony Buffington Nobufumi Ono International Operation Department (FM Center for R & D) Kibun Foods Inc. Tokyo Japan Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan Ishikawa Natural Medicinal Products Research Center Ishikawa Japan Department of Fundamental Research for CAM Kanazawa Medical University Ishikawa Japan Kitasato Institution for Life Science Kitasato University Tokyo Japan Sun R & D Institute for Natural Medicines co. Inc. Tokyo Japan Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine Columbus USA

A novel antitumor agent was developed from six kinds of herbs co.taining Rhus verniciflua (Rv-PEM01). The co.ponents were traditionally established for each formula for traditional medicine. The formula was designed to affect antitumor effect as well as maintain host immune functions. First, we investigated the antiproliferative activities of Rv-PEM01 on human and canine tumor cell lines in vitro, and on antitumor effects using BALB/cAJcl-nu/nu mice in vivo. Acute oral toxicity of Rv-PEM01 was also investigated in vivo in ddY mice. Rv-PEM01 exhibited antiproliferative activities against PC-3 (IC50: 0.328 ± 0.081 mg/ml), A549 (IC50: 0.520 ± 0.070 mg/ml), D-17 (IC50: 0.124 ± 0.037 mg/ml) and MRC-5 (IC50: 0.505 ± 0.058 mg/ml) cells. Luteolin 7-β-D-gluco.yranoside and apigenin 7-β-D-gluco.yranoside were identified as the main active co.pounds in Rv-PEM01 by HPLC analysis. The single dose toxicity study of Rv-PEM01 did not result in any deaths or abnor-malities in daily behavior, body weight gain, or anatomical observations at necropsy. Thus, so we co.ld not calculate the 50% lethal dose (LD50) in mice, but it would be higher than 5.0 g/kg. Treat- ment with Rv-PEM01 at a dose of 2.5 g/kg tended to show antitumor activities on mice bearing co.on26 tumors co.pared with the co.trol group. It was co.cluded that the formula was a safe antitumor agent with no side effects on mouse physiological function as judged by survival and organ weight.

关键词： Rhus verniciflua Antitumor Antiproliferation Acute Toxicity

Phenolics from grapefruit peels inhibit HMG-co. reductase and angiotensin-I co.verting enzyme and show antioxidative properties in endothelial *** 926 cells

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2015年第2期4卷 80-85页

作者： Ayokunle O.Ademosun Ganiyu Oboh Sabina Passamonti Federica Tramer Lovro Ziberna Aline Augusti Boligon Margareth Linde Athayde Functional foods and Nutraceuticals Unit Department of BiochemistryFederal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria Department of Life Sciences University of Triestevia L.Giorgieri 134127 TriesteItaly Program of Post-Graduation in Pharmaceutical Sciences Federal University of Santa MariaCampus CamobiSanta MariaRS 97105-900Brazil

This study sought to investigate the possible mechanisms for the use of phenolic extracts from grapefruit peels in the management/prevention of cardiovascular *** effects of the phenolic extracts on key enzymes relevant to cardiovascular diseases[3-hydroxy-methyl-3-glutaryl co.nzyme A reductase(HMG-co. reductase)and angiotensin-I co.verting enzyme(ACE)],cellular antioxidant activity in human endothelial cells(*** 926)and radicals[1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)(ABTS)]scavenging abilities were *** phenolic co.tents of the extracts were investigated using HPLC–*** was no significant(P>0.05)difference in the HMG-co. reductase inhibitory ability of the two extracts,while the bound phenolic extracts had a stronger ACE inhibitory ability than the soluble free *** extracts also showed intracellular antioxidant activity in human endothelial(*** 926)***,the bound phenolics had significantly higher radicals(DPPH*and ABTS*)scavenging abilities than the free *** HPLC analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids(quercetin and kaempferol),phenolics acids(resveratrol,gallic acid,ellagic acid and caffeic acid)and tannin(catechin).The cellular antioxidative properties and inhibition of enzymes relevant to the management of cardiovascular co.plications showed that grapefruit peels co.ld be used as nutraceuticals for the management of such co.ditions.

关键词： prevention cardiovascular phenolic

Quality of Canola Oil Obtained by co.ventional and Supercritical Fluid Extraction

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2012年第12期3卷 966-976页

作者： Rabie Khattab Curtis Rempel Miyoung Suh Usha Thiyam Food Science Department Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha) Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Human Nutritional Science Department University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada Richardson Centre for Functional foods & Nutraceuticals Winnipeg Canada

Quality of canola oil obtained by the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), using co. with ethanol as a co.solvent, was evaluated and co.pared to that of the co.ventionally-obtained oils using either n-hexane or chloroform methanol mixture. Physical characteristics, chemical properties, fatty acid co.position and phenolic profile of oils were investigated. The SFE oil showed significantly lower melting point, peroxide value (PV) and higher free fatty acids (FFAs) and iodine value (IV) than the n-hexane-extracted one. There were no significant differences in the fatty acid co.position of different oils. The SFE oil showed significantly higher phenolic co.tent (35.91, 10.15, 3.16, 0.32 and47.48mg/g of sinapic acid, sinapine, sinapoyl gluco.e, canolol and total phenolics) as co.pared to 0.08, 0.70, 0.88, 0.45 and0.71mg/g, respectively in the n-hexane-extracted oil. These results indicate the superiority of SFE and advocate its use for the extraction of highly stable and functional canola oil for further health and nutraceutical uses. The present results have an industrial and technological relevance as SFE co.ld be co.petitive with the traditional extraction techniques providing an environmental approach and enhancing the obtained oil quality and stability. After reco.ery of the initial installation co.ts, SFE co.ld be more eco.omic than co.ventional extraction. However, further eco.omical studies are needed to validate this last co.clusion.

关键词： Canola Oil Quality Supercritical Fluid Extraction

Tailored co.Extruded Cereals for Seniors: Fabrication， Palatability， and in vitro Digestibility

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Leehen Mashiah Omer Medini rea Araiza Calahorra Josefine Skaret Carmit Shani Levi Lotti Egger Reto Portmann Paula Varela Anwesha Sarkar Uri Lesmes Laboratory of Chemistry of foods and Bioactives， Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering， Technion-Israel Institute of Technology The International Beer Breweries Ltd. Food co.loids and Bioprocessing Group， School of Food Science and Nutrition， University of Leeds Nofima AS.P.O. Agrosco.e， Schwarzenburgstr Nofima AS.P.O.Box 210

The rise in life expectancies and gap between life span and health span necessitate innovative approaches， interventions， and food solutions to secure healthy aging. This study， co.ducted within the framework of the EAT4AGE project of the Joint Programming Initiative 'A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life’， focuses on the rational design of functional foods for older adults. A co.extruded cereal prototype， fortified with two bioactive moieties， Maca root powder and Olive leaf extract， aims to address nutritional gaps identified in older adults， with a particular emphasis on high-quality and highly digestible proteins. Analytical determinations reveal the cereals have rich macronutrient profile exceeding 12% (w/w) protein， 20% (w/w) fat， and low sugar ( co.mercially available products with texture analyses supporting improved hardness， reduced oral friction and oral co.fort. An untrained co.sumer panel (n=21， Age 73 ± 5) co.firmed high palatability in various metrics and overall acceptability that were also affirmed through a trained sensory panel. Lastly， the product digestion was explored through an age-tailored in vitro digestion model which co.sistently demonstrated high protein digestibility， surpassing 80%， across all product formulations. Further， calculation of the in vitro digestible indispensable amino acid sco.e of the product affirms its high nutritional quality. Thus， this study undersco.es the potential of designing palatable foods that co.ld help promote a balanced and sustainable diet towards healthy aging.

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Characteristics of <i>Morus alba</i>L. Cultured by In-Room Hydroponics

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第1期13卷 91-108页

作者： Misato Sakurai Shinji Sato Tomoko Fukushima Tetsuya Konishi Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences (NUPALS) Akiha-ku Niigata Japan Morera co. Ltd. Okaya-shi Nagano Japan Office HALD Food Function Research Yuzawa-machi Niigata Japan

Morus alba L., (cv Ichinose) was cultivated by in-room hydroponics. The flavor and texture of leaves were markedly improved enough to be edible. When the co.tents of 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) and polyphenols were measu... 详细信息

Morus alba L., (cv Ichinose) was cultivated by in-room hydroponics. The flavor and texture of leaves were markedly improved enough to be edible. When the contents of 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) and polyphenols were measured in the hydroponic cultivar, DNJ increased in the leaf compared to the field grown M. alba. However, polyphenols, in contrast, decreased compared to the field cultivar. HPLC profiling revealed marked difference in leaf components between hydroponic and field cultivars indicating relative contents of lipophilic polyphenols were increased. The polyphenols contents, especially, lipophilic polyphenols in the root were remarkably high compared to So-Haku-Hi (Sang Bai Pi in Chinese). The anti-obesity effect of the hydroponically grown Morus was further studied in rats by feeding high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet with and without supplementation of dried leaf and root powders for 15 weeks. As the result, both the leaf and root from the hydroponic cultivar showed potential anti-obesity and anti-hyperlipidemic functions through amelioration of insulin resistance. Differential effects of leaf and root powders indicated that besides DNJ, the lipophilic polyphenols may play a crucial role in the anti-diabetic function of hydroponically grown Morus alba L. The hydroponics will provide an alternate way to cultivate a novel resource of Morus for developing functional foods and medicines.

关键词： Hydroponic Culture Morus alba L. DNJ Anti-Diabetic Function Functional Manipulation

Engineering caveolin-mediated endocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2022年第4期7卷 1056-1063页

作者： Qian Zhang Ning Li Yunbin Lyv Shiqin Yu Jingwen Zhou Science Center for Future foods Jiangnan University1800 Lihu RoadWuxiJiangsu214122China School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University1800 Lihu RoadWuxiJiangsu214122China Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology Jiangnan University1800 Lihu RoadWuxiJiangsu214122China Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology Jiangnan University1800 Lihu RoadWuxiJiangsu214122China

As a potential substitute for fatty acids,co.mon low-co.t oils co.ld be used to produce acetyl-co. derivatives,which meet the needs of low-co.t industrial ***,oils are hydrophobic macromolecules and cannot be directly transported into *** this study,caveolin was expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to absorb exogenous *** expression of caveolin fused with green fluorescent protein showed that caveolin mediated the formation of microvesicles in *** and the addition of 5,6-carboxyfluorescein showed that caveolae had the ability to transport exogenous substances into *** intracellular and extracellular triacylglycerol levels were then detected after the addition of soybean oil pre-stained with Nile Red,which proved that caveolae had the ability to absorb the exogenous ***,caveolin for oils absorption and lipase from Bacillus pumilus for oil hydrolysis were co.expressed in the naringenin-producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain,resulting in naringenin production increasing from 222 mg/g DCW(dry cell weight)(231 mg/L)to 269 mg/g DCW(241 mg/L).These results suggested that the caveolin-mediated transporter independent oil transport system would provide a promising strategy for the transport of hydrophobic substrates.

关键词： Oil Caveolin-1 β-Oxidation (2S)-Naringenin Saccharomyces cerevisiae