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Molybdenum disulfide as hydrogen evolution catalyst:From atomistic to materials structure and electrocatalytic performance

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第12期87卷 256-285,I0007页

作者： Mohsin Muhyuddin Giorgio Tseberlidis Maurizio Filippo Acciarri Oran Lori Massimiliano D'Arienzo Massimiliano Cavallini Plamen Atanassov Lior Elbaz Alessandro Lavacchi Carlo Santoro Department of Materials Science University of Milano-BicoccaVia Roberto Cozzi 55Building U520125 MilanItaly istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN)Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR)Via P.Gobetti 101BolognaItaly Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697United States Department of Chemistry and the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Bar-Ilan UniversityRamat-Gan 5290002Israel Institute of Chemistry of the Organometallic Compounds-National Research Council(ICCOM-cnr) Via Madonna del Piano1050019 Sesto Fiorentino(FI)Italy

Hydrogen production via water electrolysis defines the novel energy vector for achieving a sustainable ***,the true progress of the given technology is hindered by the sluggish and complex hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)occurring at the cathodic side of the system where overpriced and scarce Pt-based electrocatalysts are usually ***,efficient platinum group metals(PGMs)-free electrocatalysts to carry out HER with accelerated kinetics are urgently *** this scenario,molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))owing to efficacious structural attributes and optimum hydrogen-binding free energy(ΔG_(H*))is emerging as a reliable alternative to ***,the performance of MoS_(2)-based electrocatalysts is still far away from the benchmark *** HER activity of MoS_(2)can be improved by engineering the structural parameters i.e.,doping,defects inducement,modulating the electronic structure,stabilizing the 1 T phase,creating nanocomposites,and altering the morphologies using appropriate fabrication ***,we have comprehensively reviewed the majority of the scientific endeavors published in recent years to uplift the HER activity of MoS_(2)-based electrocatalysts using different *** in the major fabrication strategies including hydrothermal synthesis methods,chemical vapor deposition,exfoliation techniques,plasma treatments,chemical methodologies,*** tune the structural parameters and hence their ultimate influence on the electrocatalytic activity in acidic and/or alkaline media have been thoroughly *** study can provide encyclopedic insights about the fabrication routes that have been pursued to improve the HER performance of MoS_(2)-based electrocatalysts.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution reaction Molybdenum disulphide Electrocatalysts Synthesis techniques Sustainable energy production Water electrolysis

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Photolithography by a tunable electro-optical lithium niobate phase array

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Optoelectronics Letters 2007年第4期3卷 243-245页

作者： M. Paturzo C. del Core S. Grilli S.De Nicola P. Ferraro P. De Natale G. Coppola M. Iodice M. Gioffré istituto Nazionale di Ottica Applicata del cnr and LENS-European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy Via Campi Flegrei 34 80078 Pozzuoli (Na) Italy istituto Microelettronica e Microsistemi del cnr Via P. Castellino 111 80131 Napoli Italy

Photolithography experiments are performed by means of an optical phase mask with electrooptically tunable phase step. The phase mask consists of a 2-dimensional hexagonal lattice of inverted ferroelectric domains fabricated on a z-cut lithium niobate substrate. The electro-optically tunable phase step, between inverted domain, is obtained by the application of an external electric field along the z axis of the crystal via transparent electrodes. The collimated beam of an argon laser passes through the phase mask and the near field intensity patterns, at different planes of the Talbot length and for different values of the applied voltage, are used for photolithographic experiments. Preliminary results are shown and further applications are discussed.

关键词：电光学光刻实验铁电物质锂铌酸盐

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NGR-tagged nano-gold： A new CD13-selective carrier for cytokine delivery to tumors

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Nano Research 2016年第5期9卷 1393-1408页

作者： Flavio Curnis Martina Fiocch Angelina Sacchi Alessandro Gori Anna Gasparri Angelo Corti Division of Experimental Oncology IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan 20132 Italy istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare CNR Milan 20131 Italy Vita Salute San Raffaele University Milan 20132 Italy

Colloidal gold （Au）, a well-tolerated several applications in nanomedicine. nanomaterial, is currently exploited for We show that gold nanoparticles tagged with a novel tumor-homing peptide containing Asn-Gly-Arg （NGR）, a ligand of CD13 expressed by the tumor neovasculature, can be exploited as carriers for cytokine delivery to tumors. Biochemical and functional studies showed that the NGR molecular scaffoldflinker used for gold functionalization is critical for CD13 recognition. Using fibrosarcorna-bearing mice, NGR-tagged nanodrugs could deliver extremely low, yet pharmacologically active doses of tumor necrosis factor （TNF）, an anticancer cytokine, to tumors with no evidence of toxicity. Mechanistic studies confirmed that CD13 targeting was a primary mechanism of drug delivery and excluded a major role of integrin targeting consequent to NGR deamidation, a degradation reaction that generates the isoAsp-Gly-Arg （isoDGR） integrin ligand. NGR-tagged gold nanoparticles can be used, in principle, as a novel platform for single- or multi-cytokine delivery to tumor endothelial cells for cancer therapy.

关键词： Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) isoAsp-Gly-Arg (isoDGR) CD13 integrin tumor necrosis factor albumin gold nanoparticles

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Non-contact mechanical and chemical analysis of single living cells by microspectroscopic techniques

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 201-209页

作者： Sara Mattana Maurizio Mattarelli Lorena Urbanelli Krizia Sagini Carla Emiliani Mauro Dalla Serra Daniele Fioretto Silvia Caponi Department of Physics and Geology University of PerugiaPerugia I-06123Italy Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department of ChemistryBiology and BiotechnologyUniversity of Perugiavia del GiochettoPerugia I-06123Italy CEMIN-Center of Excellence for Innovative Nanostructured Material Perugia I-06123Italy istituto di Biofisica cnr(IBF-cnr) Unitàdi Trentoand FBKVia Sommarive 18Trento 38123Italy istituto Officina dei Materiali del cnr(cnr-IOM)-Unitàdi Perugia c/o Department of Physics and GeologyUniversity of PerugiaPerugia I-06123Italy

Innovative label-free microspectroscopy,which can simultaneously collect Brillouin and Raman signals,is used to characterize the viscoelastic properties and chemical composition of living cells with sub-micrometric *** unprecedented statistical accuracy of the data combined with the high-frequency resolution and the high contrast of the recently built experimental setup permits the study of single living cells immersed in their buffer solution by contactless *** Brillouin signal is deconvoluted in the buffer and the cell components,thereby revealing the mechanical heterogeneity inside the *** particular,a 20%increase is observed in the elastic modulus passing from the plasmatic membrane to the nucleus as distinguished by comparison with the Raman spectroscopic *** line shape analysis is even more relevant for the comparison of cells under physiological and pathological *** oncogene expression,cells show an overall reduction in the elastic modulus(15%)and apparent viscosity(50%).In a proof-of-principle experiment,the ability of this spectroscopic technique to characterize subcellular compartments and distinguish cell status was successfully *** results strongly support the future application of this technique for fundamental issues in the biomedical field.

关键词： living single cell analysis mechanical properties Raman and Brillouin spectroscopy

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A systematic investigation of radiation collapse for disruption avoidance and prevention on JET tokamak

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2023年第4期8卷 55-75页

作者： R.Rossi M.Gelfusa T.Craciunescu L.Spolladore I.Wyss E.Peluso J.Vega C.F.Maggi J.Mailloux M.Maslov A.Murari on behalf of JET Contributors Department of Industrial Engineering University of Rome“Tor Vergata”via del Politecnico 1RomaItaly National Institute for Laser Plasma and Radiation PhysicsMagurele-BucharestRomania Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión CIEMATAv.Complutense 4028040 MadridSpain UKAEA-CCFE Culham Science CentreAbingdon OX143DBUnited Kingdom Consorzio RFX(cnr ENEAINFNUniversitàdi PadovaAcciaierie Venete SpA)Corso Stati Uniti 435127 PadovaItaly istituto per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Plasmi CNRPadovaItaly EUROfusion Consortium JETCulham Science CentreAbingdon OX143DBUnited Kingdom

To produce fusion reactions efficiently,thermonuclear plasmas have to reach extremely high temperatures,which is incompatible with their coming into contact with material *** of plasmas using magnetic fields has progressed significantly in the last years,particularly in the tokamak ***,all tokamak devices,and particularly metallic ones,are plagued by catastrophic events called *** disruptions are preceded by anomalies in the radiation patterns,particularly in ITER-relevant *** specific forms of radiation emission either directly cause or reveal the approaching collapse of the *** the localization of these radiation anomalies in real time requires an innovative and specific elaboration of bolometric measurements,confirmed by visible cameras and the inversion of sophisticated tomographic *** information derived from these measurements can be interpreted in terms of local power balances,which suggest a new quantity,the radiated power divided by the plasma internal energy,to determine the criticality of the plasma *** with robust indicators of the temperature profile shape,the identified anomalous radiation patterns allow determination of the sequence of macroscopic events leading to disruptions.A systematic analysis of JET campaigns at high power in deuterium,full tritium,and DT,for a total of almost 2000 discharges,proves the effectiveness of the *** warning times are such that,depending on the radiation anomaly and the available actuators,the control system of future devices is expected to provide enough notice to enable deployment of effective prevention and avoidance strategies.

关键词： tokamak prevention approaching

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Inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus by the synergistic action of charged and reactive plasma particles

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第8期22卷 160-166页

作者： Espedito VASSALLO Matteo PEDRONI Tiziana SILVETTI Stefano MORANDI Milena BRASCA cnr Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei PlasmiVia R.Cozzi 5320125 MilanItaly cnr Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni AlimentariVia G.Celoria 220133 MilanItaly

In this paper,a low-pressure capacitively coupled plasma discharge sustained in an argonoxygen mixture was studied in order to evaluate its properties in terms of inactivation of Staphylococcus *** plasma parameters as electron temperature and plasma density were measured by the Langmuir probe(Ne≈1015 m^-3,Te≈1.5 eV),while the neutral atom density was in the range of 1021 m^-*** the plasma phase,oxygen radicals were taken as reference of the reactive species with antimicrobial activity,and oxygen spectral lines,over a range of plasma process parameters,were investigated by the optical emission *** plasma conditions were found,and a count reduction of 4 log in a few minutes of the bacterium proves the potentiality of an industrial grade plasma reactor as a sterilization agent.

关键词： Staphylococcus aureus capacitively coupled plasma bacteria decontamination

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Fault on-off versus strain rate and earthquakes energy

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第2期6卷 265-276页

作者： C.Doglioni S.Barba E.Carminati F.Riguzzi Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra Università Sapienza istituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria CNR istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia

We propose that the brittle-ductile transition （BDT） controls the seismic cycle. In particular, the movements detected by space geodesy record the steady state deformation in the ductile lower crust, whereas the stick-slip behavior of the brittle upper crust is constrained by its larger friction. GPS data allow analyzing the strain rate along active plate boundaries. In all tectonic settings, we propose that earthquakes primarily occur along active fault segments characterized by relative minima of strain rate, segments which are locked or slowly creeping. We discuss regional examples where large earthquakes happened in areas of relative low strain rate. Regardless the tectonic style, the interseismic stress and strain pattern inverts during the coseismic stage. Where a dilated band formed during the interseismic stage, this will be shortened at the coseismic stage, and vice-versa what was previously shortened, it will be dilated. The interseismic energy accumulation and the coseismic expenditure rather depend on the tectonic setting （extensional, contractional, or strike-slip）. The gravitational potential energy dominates along normal faults, whereas the elastic energy prevails for thrust earthquakes and performs work against the gravity force. The energy budget in strike-slip tectonic setting is also primarily due elastic energy. Therefore, precursors may be different as a function of the tectonic setting. In this model, with a given displacement, the magnitude of an earthquake results from the coseismic slip of the deformed volume above the BDT rather than only on the fault length, and it also depends on the fault kinematics.

关键词： Earthquake generation mode Strain rate Brittle-ductile transition Earthquake energy

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TIME-RESOLVED FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY OF HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE LASER No. 3

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1990年第4期35卷 321-325页

作者：刘文清 R. RAMPONI R. CUBEDDU 刘颂豪 Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Academia Sinica Hefei 230031 PRC Centro di Electtronica Quantistica Strumentazione Electtronica del-cnr Istituto di Fisica del PolitecnicoMilano Italy.

Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) which utilizes hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) as a photosensitizing drug has increasingly being used for the local treatment of malignant tumors. The success of this method... 详细信息

关键词： hematoporphyrin-derivative (HpD) absorption spectra fluorescence spectra time-resolved fluorescence decay curve.

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Sodium Diffuses from Glass Substrates through P1 Lines and Passivates Defects in Perovskite Solar Modules

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第6期6卷 393-401页

作者： Felix Utama Kosasih Francesco Di Giacomo Jordi Ferrer Orri Kexue Li Elizabeth M.Tennyson Weiwei Li Fabio Matteocci Gunnar Kusch Narges Yaghoobi Nia Rachel A.Oliver Judith L.MacManus-Driscoll Katie L.Moore Samuel D.Stranks Aldo Di Carlo Giorgio Divitini Caterina Ducati Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridge CB30FSUK Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy(CHOSE) Department of Electronic EngineeringUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome 00133Italy Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJJ Thomson AvenueCambridge CB30HEUK Department of Materials and Photon Science Institute University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUK Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridge CB30ASUK Laboratory for Advanced Solar Energy(LASE) National University of Science and Technology MISiSLeninskiy Prospekt 4Moscow 119049Russia Energy Research Institute@NTU Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang DriveSingapore 637553Singapore MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics College of PhysicsNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China istituto di Struttura della Materia-cnr(ISM-cnr) Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100Rome 00133Italy Electron Spectroscopy and Nanoscopy Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaVia Morego 30Genova 16163Italy

Most thin-film photovoltaic modules are constructed on soda-lime glass(SLG)substrates containing alkali oxides,such as Na_(2)*** may diffuse from SLG into a module's active layers through P1 lines,an area between a module's constituent cells where the substrate-side charge transport layer(CTL)is in direct contact with *** diffusion from SLG is known to cause several important effects inⅡ-Ⅵand chalcogenide solar modules,but it has not been studied in perovskite solar modules(PSMs).In this work,we use complementary microscopy and spectroscopy techniques to show that Na diffusion occurs in the fabrication process of *** diffuses vertically inside P1 lines and then laterally from P1 lines into the active area for up to 360 *** propose that this process is driven by the high temperatures the devices are exposed to during CTL and perovskite *** diffused Na preferentially binds with Br,forming Br-poor,l-rich perovskite and a species rich in Na and Br(Na-Br)close to P1 ***-Br passivates defect sites,reducing non-radiative recombination in the perovskite and boosting its luminescence by up to 5×.Na-Br is observed to be stable after 12 weeks of device storage,suggesting long-lasting effects of Na *** results not only point to a potential avenue to increase PSM performance but also highlight the possibility of unabated Na diffusion throughout a module's lifetime,especially if accelerated by the electric field and elevated temperatures achievable during device operation.

关键词： defect passivation monolithic interconnection perovskite solar modules soda-lime glass sodium diffusion solar cells thin-film photovoltaics

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Phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity and wound healing properties of Artemisia absinthium essential oil

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第11期10卷 496-504页

作者： A.Benkhaled A.Boudjelal E.Napoli F.Baali G.Ruberto Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry Faculty of SciencesUniversity of M'silaAlgeria istituto del cnr di Chimica Biomolecolare CataniaItaly Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Nature and Life SciencesUniversity of BBAAlgeria

Objective: To evaluate chemical compositions, antioxidant and wound healing properties of Algerian Artemisia absinthium essential ***: The chemical composition of the essential oil from Artemisia absinthium was analyzed by a combination of GC-FID and GC/MS. The antioxidant capacities including the total antioxidant capacity, DPPH· and ABTS+· scavenging capacities were measured. The wound healing potential was assessed by the excision wound model of rats. The wounds were treated daily with an ointment prepared with two concentrations(5% and 10%) of Artemisia absinthium essential oil. The percentage of wound contraction was determined and wound healing was also evaluated by histological examination of the healed skin. Results: The main component of Artemisia absinthium essential oil was camphor(48%) followed by chamazulene(10%) that was responsible for the dark blue color of the oil. Artemisia absinthium essential oil exhibited moderate antioxidant activity compared with BHT and Trolox. All preparations showed significant effects on wound contraction and the ointment prepared with 10% of essential oil was effective as the reference drug ***: The essential oil of Artemisia absinthium shows moderate antioxidant activity. The 10% ointment enhances skin wound re-epithelialization and speeds up the healing process. The essential oil of Artemisia absinthium may be used as an alternative drug for wound healing.

关键词： healing wound assessed

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