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New structure transistors for advanced technology node CMOS ICs

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 24-41页

作者： Qingzhu Zhang Yongkui Zhang Yanna Luo Huaxiang Yin integrated Circuit Advanced Process R&D center Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences(IMECAS) State key Lab of Fabrication technologies for integrated Circuits Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of integrated Circuits University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Over recent decades, advancements in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor integrated circuits(ICs)have mainly relied on structural innovations in transistors. From planar transistors to the fin field-effect transistor(FinFET) and gate-all-around FET(GAAFET), more gate electrodes have been added to three-dimensional(3D) channels with enhanced control and carrier conductance to provide higher electrostatic integrity and higher operating currents within the same device footprint. Beyond the 1-nm node, Moore's law scaling is no longer expected to be applicable to geometrical shrinkage. Vertical transistor stacking, e.g. in complementary FETs(CFET), 3D stack(3DS) FETs and vertical-channel transistors(VFET), for enhanced density and variable circuit or system design represents a revolutionary scaling approach for sustained IC development. Herein, innovative works on specific structures, key process breakthroughs, shrinking cell sizes and design methodologies for transistor structure research and development are reviewed. Perspectives on future innovations in advanced transistors with new channel materials and operating theories are also discussed.

关键词： transistor CMOS GAAFET CFET 3DS FET

Effect of post rolling stress on phase transformation behavior of microalloyed dual phase steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel research International 2024年第3期31卷 688-699页

作者： Wen-quan Sun Sheng-yi Yong Tie-heng Yuan Ting-song Yang An-rui He Chao Liu Rui-chun Guo National Engineering research center for Advanced Rolling and Intelligent manufacturing University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The slow phase transformation of microalloyed dual phase steel makes the nonuniform stress and temperature fields during the post rolling cooling process have a significant impact on the phase transformation *** the relatively slow phase transformation of DP780 steel within the microalloyed dual phase steel series,the influence of stress on the phase transformation behavior of DP780 steel was *** quantify the nonuniform thermal and stress conditions in the steel coil,a thermo-mechanical coupled finite element model of the hot-rolled strip cooling process was *** on the simulation data,DP780 steel was chosen as the research material,and Gleeble 3500 thermal simulation equipment was used for experimental *** thermal expansion curves were analyzed through regression to establish the dynamic model of DP780 steel phase transformation under ***,metallographic analysis was conducted to determine phase transformation type and grain size of DP780 *** results confirmed that the stress promotes the occurrence of semi-diffusion-type bainite ***,an appropriate level of stress facilitates the growth of bainitic grains,while the increased stress inhibits the growth of ferritic grains.

关键词： Microalloyed dual phase steel Stress Bainitic transformation Grain Finite element method

Wideband chaos generation using a VCSEL with intensity modulation optical injection for random number generation

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 457-458页

作者： Yu HUANG Shuangquan GU Yuhang FENG Yigong YANG Shuiying XIANG Pei ZHOU Nianqiang LI School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Soochow University State Key Laboratory of integrated Service Networks Xidian University Key Lab of Advanced Optical manufacturing technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical technologies of Education Ministry of China Soochow University

Physical random numbers have been widely used in modern network society,such as the generation of cryptographic keys for classical and quantum cryptography systems[1].Among the many sources of physical entropy,chaotic semiconductor lasers have attracted wide attention due to their desired characteristics including larger bandwidth,low cost,and monolithic integration[2].

关键词： Optical signal processing

Hole mobility enhancement in monolayer WSe2 p-type transistors through molecular doping

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 207-213页

作者： Shiyuan LIU Xiong XIONG Xin WANG Xinhang SHI Ru HUANG Yanqing WU School of integrated Circuits and Beijing Advanced Innovation center for integrated Circuits Peking University Wuhan National High Magnetic Field center and School of integrated Circuits Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Two-dimensional （2D） transition metal dichalcogenide （TMDC） semiconductor materials exhibit extraordinary electrical properties,holding promise for the realization of next-generation complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor （CMOS） devices at ultimate ***,constrained by effective device doping strategies,the hole mobility and device performance of tungsten diselenide （WSe2） p-type transistors,especially monolayer chemical vapor deposition （CVD）-grown WSe2,have not met *** this paper,an effective performance enhancement of monolayer WSe2p-type transistor was achieved through a molecular doping *** monolayer WSe2directly on SiO2back-gated substrates and leveraging energy band alignment design,4-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate （4-NBD） molecular dopant with a concentration of 10 m M was utilized to modulate the Fermi level position of monolayer WSe2for hole *** devices demonstrated a more than 98%increase in hole mobility,reaching up to 97 cm2·V-1·s-1while maintaining the current on/off ratio of *** p-type WSe2transistors with 1μm channel length exhibit a high drive current surpassing 176μA·μm-1,exceeding previous CVD-WSe2devices with similar channel *** straightforward and effective approach to improving the electrical performance of WSe2transistors paves the way for advanced logic technologies based on transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors.

关键词： CVD-grown WSe$_2$ molecular doping 4-NBD p-type transistors hole mobility

MD Simulation of Diffusion Behaviors in Collision Welding Processes of Al-Cu, Al-Al, Cu-Cu

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 3455-3468页

作者： Dingyi Jin Guo Wei School of Intelligent manufacturing Hunan First Normal UniversityChangsha410082China School of Physics and Technology Center for Ion Beam ApplicationHubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key LaboratoryWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China

To investigate the effects of material combinations and velocity conditions on atomic diffusion behavior near collision interfaces,this study simulates the atomic diffusion behavior near collision interfaces in Cu-Al,Al-Al and Cu-Cu combinations fabricated through collision welding using molecular dynamic(MD)*** atomic diffusion behaviors are compared between similar metal combinations(Al-Al,Cu-Cu)and dissimilar metal combinations(Al-Cu).By combining the simulation results and classical diffusion theory,the diffusion coefficients for similar and dissimilar metal material combinations under different velocity conditions are *** effects of material combinations and collision velocity on diffusion behaviors are also *** diffusion behaviors of dissimilar material combinations strongly depend on the transverse velocity,whereas those of the similar material combinations are more dependent on the longitudinal *** findings can provide guidance for optimizing welding parameters.

关键词： Atomic diffusion behavior molecular dynamics collision welding

Additive manufacturing of NiTi lightweight porous structures bio-mimicking coral skeleton with enhanced mechanical properties and shape memory functions

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 2461-2474页

作者： LIU Xin GU DongDong YUAN LuHao ZHANG Han SUN JianFeng CHEN WenXin WANG Jie SHI KeYu Jiangsu Provincial research center for Laser Additive manufacturing of High-Performance Components College of Materials Science and TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

Concerning the high demand for lightweight and multifunctional properties of engineering structures, the coral skeleton-inspired sheet-based(CSS) structure, which was a novel bio-mimicking coral skeleton wall-septa architecture with a unique ability to resist wave shocks was fabricated using NiTi alloy by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF) technology. The effects of laser energy density(LED) on surface morphologies, microstructures, phase transformation behavior, and mechanical properties of LPBFfabricated CSS structures were systematically investigated. The results indicated that the size deviation was predominantly governed by powder adhesion and step effect. NiTi CSS structures with LED of 71 J·mm~(-3)possessed superior compressive modulus(~400 MPa), ultimate strength(~13 MPa), and energy absorption efficiency(~69%). The compression fracture mechanism of the LPBF-fabricated NiTi CSS structures was revealed to be predominantly brittle fracture accompanied by ductile fracture. Furthermore, the Ni_4Ti_3 nanoprecipitates induced the precipitation strengthening effect, enabling better shape memory response at LED of 71 J·mm~(-3), with a recoverable strain of 3.63% and recovery ratio of 90.8%, after heating under a pre-strain of 4%. This study highlights the importance of a bionic design strategy for enhancing the mechanical properties of NiTi components and offers the possibility to tailor its functional properties.

关键词： bioinspired structures laser powder bed fusion NiTi shape memory alloy mechanical performance

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Microstructure and property of laser additive manufactured alloy Ti-6Al-2V-1.5Mo-0.5Zr-0.3Si after aged at different temperatures

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2275-2281页

作者： Guo-Chao Li Xu Cheng Hua-Ming Wang National Engineering Laboratory of Additive manufacturing for Large Metallic Components and Engineering research center of Ministry of Education on Laser Direct manufacturing for Large Metallic Components School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

The solid solution and aging treatment for conventional manufacturing processes might not be suitable for laser additive manufactured titanium alloys due to the different lamellar *** this study,the influence of aging temperatures(600,700 and 800°C)on microstructure and mechanical properties of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-2V-1.5Mo-0.5Zr-0.3Si was *** results indicate that after solid solution treatment at 970°C followed by water quenching,the alloy mainly consists of coarsening lamellar a phase in martensite α' *** at 600°C will not change the size of primary lamellar α phase but lead to huge amount of secondary a phases(α_(s))generating with very fine *** increasing the aging temperature,the number of α_(s) decreases but with coarsened *** aged at 800°C,the width of the asphase reaches 350 nm,almost 7 times wider than that aged at 600°*** changing size of α_(s) obviously influences the property of the *** fine α_(s) leads to high strength and microhardness but low plasticity,and specimen aged at 700°C with suitable assize has the best comprehensive properties.

关键词： α+βtitanium alloy Laser additive manufacturing Solid solution and aging treatment Microstructure Room temperature tensile property

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Understanding the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Magnesium composites – a critical review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 890-939页

作者： Prithivirajan Sekar S.K.Panigrahi Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India Applied Magnesium research center Center of Excellence in Materials and Manufacturing for Futuristic MobilityIndian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India

Realising the potential of Magnesium(Mg),several globally leading ventures have invested in the Mg industry,but their relatively poor corrosion resistance is a never ending saga till *** corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg has gained research attention and still remains a hot topic in the application of automobile,aerospace and biomedical *** intrinsic high electrochemical nature of Mg limits their utilization in diverse *** scenario has prompted the development of Mg composites with an aim to achieve superior corrosion and bio-corrosion *** present review enlightens the influence of grain size(GS),secondary phase,texture,type of matrix and reinforcement on the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg ***,the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites manufactured by primary and secondary processing routes are ***,the comprehensive corrosion and bio-corrosion mechanisms of these Mg composites are ***,the individual role of GS,texture and corrosive medium on corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites are clarified and *** challenges encountered,unanswered issues in this field are explained in detail and accordingly the scope for future research is *** review is presented from basic concrete background to advanced corrosion mechanisms with an aim of creating interest among the readers like students,researchers and industry experts from various research ***,the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites are critically reviewed for the first time to:(i)contribute to the body of knowledge,(ii)foster research and development,(iii)make breakthrough,and(iv)create life changing innovations in the field of Mg composite corrosion.

关键词： Corrosion Bio corrosion Magnesium alloys Magnesium composites Magnesium implants.

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Architecture of Graphics System with 3D Acceleration Support for Embedded Operating Systems

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 863-873页

作者： Alexander Giatsintov Kirill Mamrosenko Pavel Bazhenov center of Visualization and Sattelite Information technologies Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences(SRISA RAS)Moscow 117218Russia

An increasing number of tasks now require the use of hardware accelerators to reduce the time required for computation and display the computational *** paper presents a new graphics system architecture for operating systems(OSs)with microkernel architecture,including real-time *** proposed system architecture provides capabilities for displaying graphical images on various information display devices and for accelerating graphical operations on *** architecture of the graphics system uses a concept of allocators to manage system and video memory,provides an abstraction of memory operations with a single interface for video memory management,and simplifies memory handling where incorrect operation is the cause of many failures.A comparison between the performance of a real-time OS and Linux OS implementing the graphics system using the example of a glmark2 benchmark is presented,thereby the superiority of the proposed architecture in several scenarios is demonstrated.

关键词： real-time operating system(RTOS) graphics system rendering system architecture operatingsystem visualization system programming