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Ancient mitochondrial genome depicts sheep maternal dispersal and migration in Eastern Asia

Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第1期51卷 87-95页

作者： Liu Yang Xing Zhang Yaning Hu Piao Zhu Hua Li Zhenyu Peng Hai Xiang Xinying Zhou Xingbo Zhao National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding Key Laboratory of AnimalGeneticsBreeding and ReproductionMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding School of Life Science and EngineeringFoshan UniversityFoshanGuangdong 528225China State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics BGI-ShenzhenShenzhenGuangdong 518083China Key Laboratory of vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China

Sheep have been one of the most important groups of animals since ancient ***,the knowledge of their migration routes and genetic relationships is still poorly *** investigate sheep maternal migration histories alongside Eurasian communications routes,in this study,we obtain mitochondrial genomes(mitogenomes)from 17 sheep remains in 6 Chinese sites and 1 Uzbekistan site dated 4429–3100 years before present(BP).By obtaining the mitogenomes from the sheep(4429–3556 BP)found in the Tongtian Cave site in Xinjiang,Altai region of northwest China,our results support the emergence of haplogroup C sheep in Xinjiang as early as 4429–3556 *** combined phylogenetic analyses with extant ancient and modern sheep mitogenomes suggest that the Uzbekistan-Altai region may have been a migration hub for early sheep in eastern *** least two migration events have taken place for sheep crossing Eurasia to China,one passing by Uzbekistan and Northwest China to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River at approximately 4000 BP and another following the Altai region to middle Inner Mongolia from 4429 BP to 2500 ***,this study provides further evidence for early sheep utilization and migration patterns in Eastern Asia.

关键词： Sheep Ancient DNA Eastern Asia Mitochondrial genome Migration Altai

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Discovery of a pterodactylid pterosaur from the Yixian Formation of western Liaoning,China

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Chinese science Bulletin 2001年第13期46卷 1112-1117页

作者： WANG Xiaolin & LU Junchang1. institute of vertebrate paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100044, China 2. college of Earth sciences and Resources, China University of Geo-sciences, Beijing 100083, China 3. Department of Geological sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275, USA institute of vertebrate paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China college of Earth sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China Department of Geological sciences Southern Methodist University Dallas USA

A well-preserved pterosaur with nearly complete skull is described from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation at Sihetun in western Liaoning. It is characterized by a low and long crestless skull, slender and pointed teeth, long metacarpal, nearly equal length of metatarsals I -III and short pedal digit V. It is referred to a new genus and species of the family Pterodactylidae: Haopterus gracilis gen. et sp. nov. This is the first pterosaur with a nearly complete skull from the Jehol Biota; it also represents the first non-controversial fossil record of Pterodactylidae in Asia. Haopterus is more derived than Pterodactylus from the Late Jurassic Solnhofen in Germany. This discovery extends the distribution of the family Pterodactylidae from Europe and Africa to Asia and its latest occurrence from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. The discovery of Haopterus gracilis provides further evidence for the study of the originand radiation of the Jehol Biota; it also sheds new light on the evolution and

关键词： western Liaoning Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation Pterodactylidae.

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Chinese science education in schools and beyond

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National science Review 2019年第2期6卷 183-183页

作者： Zhonghe Zhou institute of vertebrate paleontology and Paleoanthropology CAS NSR

The latest national survey announced by the China Association for science and technology indicates that science literacy for adults was around 8.5%in 2018—a significant leap over the last 3 years, yet still low compared to developed countries. Further increase in science literacy is critical for realizing China’s ambition of becoming a strong country in science and *** of the necessary moves that should be taken is to improve

关键词： Chinese science education in schools and beyond

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Correlations between phytohemagglutinin response and leukocyte profile,and bactericidal capacity in a wild rodent

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第3期10卷 302-310页

作者： Zhiqiang ZHANG Zhijun ZHAO college of Animal science and technology Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiChina college of life and Environmental science Wenzhou UniversityWenzhouChina

phytohemagglutinin(PHA)-induced swelling is widely used to investigate cell-mediated and innate immunity across different vertebrate ***,its physiological mechanism is still an open question due to the complexity of the involved immune *** the present study,we measured the synchronous variations of PHA response,the proportion of different subtypes of leukocytes,as well as serum bactericidal capacity in circulation blood at 6,12 and 24 h after PHA versus PBS injection in striped hamster,Cricetulus ***,the results showed that PHA responses reached a peak at 6 h postinjection,then sharply declined at 12 h and 24 h *** bactericidal capacity was higher at 6 h and 12 h than at 24 *** proportion of different subtypes of leukocytes,as well as the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes did not display significant changes across different time ***,PHA response was positively correlated with the proportion of neutrophils and serum bactericidal *** proportion of monocytes was negatively correlated with that of eosinophils and *** proportion of basophils was negatively correlated with that of *** results indicate that earlier enhanced PHA response is important for the striped hamster to cope with changing environmental conditions due to its small body mass,and the increased components of innate immunity in circulation blood may contribute to the enhancement of PHA swelling response.

关键词： Cricetulus barabensis neutrophils phytohemagglutinin serum bactericidal capacity striped hamster

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Progress in crystallization of major histocompatibility complex class I in vertebrates

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Chinese science Bulletin 2014年第12期59卷 1308-1316页

作者： Lei Feng Mingwei Sun Songpeng Dong Feng-Shan Gao Molecular Immunology Laboratory College of Life Science and Technology Dalian University Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of life sciences University of Science and Technology of China

The major histocompatibility complex(MHC)of proteins that exists in all vertebrates is encoded by a cluster of genes associated with the immune response and related *** is divided into MHC I,II,and III;MHC I is involved in antigenic presentation,binding T cell receptors,and leading ultimately to specific cellular immune *** complicated functions of MHC I are determined by the nature of the *** crystal structure of MHC I has been solved for many animals,revealing the relationship between spatial structure and *** I consists of an a heavy chain and a b2m light chain,both ligated non-covalently to a complex when a peptide is bound to the antigenic-binding *** a heavy chain is divided into an extracellular domain,a transmembrane domain,and an intracellular *** extracellular domain consists of sub-regions a1,a2,and *** a1 and a2 together form the antigenic-binding groove and bind antigenic peptides with 8–10 amino acid *** I can form a stable spatial structure;however,it should be noted that there are differences in the structure of MHC I among animal species,including anchored amino acids in binding peptides,binding sites,molecular distance,crystallization conditions,***,progress in determination of the crystal structure of human,mouse,chicken,non-human primate,and swine MHC I is described in detail.

关键词：主要组织相容性复合体脊椎动物结晶条件主要组织相容性复合物胞外结构域氨基酸残基空间结构细胞免疫应答

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Foraging behavior of Chleuastochoerus(Suidae, Artiodactyla): A case study of skull and mandible morpho-functional analysis

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science China Earth sciences 2014年第6期57卷 988-998页

作者： HOU SuKuan DENG Tao HE Wen CHEN ShanQin Key Laboratory of vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of Sciences Hezheng Paleozoological Museum

The skull and mandible of a Late Miocene fossil pig,Chleuastochoerus,are compared morphologically with those of extant pigs and peccaries,and subjected to a functional *** presence of a rostral bone in the skull and relatively strong rostral muscles indicates that Chleuastochoerus possessed considerable digging ability,though the relatively narrow occipital surface and the shortness of the skull would have restricted the range of motion through which the skull could be *** distinctive pre-zygomatic plate and over-canine arch-niche may have played a role in protecting the skull and canines during *** massive masticatory muscles,reconstructed based on well-developed parietal and zygomatic crests,would have enabled the mouth to close quickly and contributed to moving the mandible both longitudinally and *** configuration of the cranio-mandibular joint and its relatively high position show clearly that Chleuastochoerus was capable of both crushing and grinding movements during *** comparatively simple structure of the crown surfaces of the cheek teeth suggests that the food of Chleuastochoerus may have been softer than that of extant *** diet of Chleuastochoerus is postulated to fall between those of true forest pigs and open habitat pigs,and the habitat of Chleuastochoerus to be relatively humid forest edge or nearby areas of open steppe.

关键词： Suidae Late Miocene Linxia Basin morpho-functional analysis foraging behavior

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Phytolith evidence for human-plant subsistence in Yahuai Cave(Guangxi, South China) over the past 30000 years

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science China Earth sciences 2020年第11期63卷 1745-1757页

作者： Yan WU Guangmao XIE Limi MAO Zhijun ZHAO Miriam BELMAKER Key Laboratory of vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China CAS Center for Excellence in life and Paleoenvironment Beijing 100044China college of History Culture and TourismGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541001China Guangxi institute of Cultural Relic Protection and Archaeology Nanning 530022China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China institute of Archaeology Chinese Academy of Social SciencesBeijing 100710China Department of Anthropology University of TulsaTulsaOklahoma 74104USA

South China preserves a rich archaeological record elucidating the evolution of early modern humans during the Late ***,few studies on plant utilization were conducted in this *** used phytolith analysis from Yahuai Cave,Guangxi,to infer human use of plant resources over the past 30000 *** 14C dating was used to constrain the chronological *** indicate that several economically essential species were present throughout the sequence including Urticineae(*** sp.),which appears in the lower layers of the sequence(Marine Isotope Stage 3 through Heinrich 1);bamboo and palm which appear throughout the sequence,and wild rice which appears in a clear archaeological context dating to 16000 years *** is the earliest record of wild rice in South China and a prerequisite for rice *** unique stone tool assemblages,which resemble those in north China as opposed to South China,point to the possibility that humans,seeking refuge from the colder north,brought their tool kit with them and utilized familiar northern *** South China would have served as a refuge for human populations escaping the cold,harsh climate in the north with more ameliorate conditions in the south.

关键词： Phytolith Wild rice South China Bamboo Late Pleistocene

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Carboniferous and Permian integrative stratigraphy and timescale of North China Block

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science China Earth sciences 2022年第6期65卷 983-1011页

作者： Boheng SHEN Shuzhong SHEN Qiong WU Shuichang ZHANG Bin ZHANG Xiangdong WANG Zhangshuai HOU Dongxun YUAN Yichun ZHANG Feng LIU Jun LIU Hua ZHANG Yukun SHI Jun WANG Zhuo FENG State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and Engineering and Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material CyclingNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Research institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China School of Resources and Geosciences China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Key Laboratory of vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China institute of Palaeontology Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

The Carboniferous-Permian strata in the North China Block(NCB) contain abundant fossils, coals and natural *** a high-resolution timescale for the Carboniferous and Permian in the NCB is essential to understand the geologic events and explore the spatial and temporal distributions of the natural resources. The upper Carboniferous and the basal part of Permian are relatively well correlated because they yield marine conodont and fusuline fossils. However, the Permian terrestrial strata mostly rely on poorly constrained palynostratigraphy and phytostratigraphy and are short of the precise geochronologic constraints on the correlation with the marine strata. This study provides a critical review on the state-of-the-art of the latest Carboniferous and Permian chronostratigraphic and biostratigraphic frameworks and stratigraphic correlation in the NCB. The Penchi Formation ranges from lower Bashkirian to lower Gzhelian;the Taiyuan Formation is assigned to the upper Gzhelian to lower Asselian;the Shansi and Lower Shihhotse formations are from middle Asselian to lower Sakmarian;the Upper Shihhotse Formation is assigned to upper Artinskian to lower Kungurian, and the Sunjiagou Formation was assigned to Lopingian, respectively. A long hiatus up to ~20 Myr between the Upper Shihhotse and Sunjiagou formations, mainly marked by a large-scale erosional surface at the base of a coarse conglomeratic sandstone unit and/or multiple paleosol layers as well as significant differences of floras between these two lithostratigraphic units, is present probably due to tectonic uplift in association with the closure of the Paleo Asian Ocean(PAO) during the Cisuralian and Guadalupian. The possible amplitude of sea-level changes from Carboniferous to Permian on the NCB is estimated from 0 to 40 *** floral succession, depositional records and organic carbon isotope profiles suggest that the latest Carboniferous and earliest Permian was a favorable period for coal accumulation

关键词： North China Block Carboniferous-Permian Geochronology Biostratigraphy Correlation

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Comparative Osteology and Phylogenetic Relationship of Edmontosaurus and Shantungosaurus (Dinosauria:Hadrosauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous of North America and East Asia

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第6期88卷 1623-1652页

作者： XING Hai ZHAO Xijin WANG Kebai LI Dunjing CHEN Shuqing Jordan C.MALLON ZHANG Yanxia XU Xing college of Earth sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Paleobiology Canadian Museum of NatureOttawa K1P 6P4 Ontario Canada Key Laboratory of vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhucheng Dinosaur Museum Dinosaur Research Center of Zhucheng

The close affinity between Edmontosaurus and Shantungosaurus is corroborated on the basis of the following shared features：an occipital condyle deflected strongly posteroventrally; a posterodorsally reflected, lip-shaped oral margin of the premaxilla, with a deep, oval concavity at the anteromedial corner of the bone; a well-demarcated posterodorsal margin of the deeply excavated circumnarial fossa formed by a prominent arched ridge along the entire posterior half of the lateroventral border of the nasal; an anteroposteriorly broad jugal process of the postorbital; a strongly concave dorsal surface of the paired frontals; seven teeth per alveolus in the middle of the dentary tooth row; and a circular distal blade of the pubis that is much more expanded ventrally than dorsally. A revised phylogenetic analysis of Hadrosauroidea recovers a sister taxon relationship between Edmontosaurus and Shantungosaurus. Kerberosaurus is recovered as the sister taxon to the clade formed exclusively by these two genera. The clade Edmontosaurini could be defined as the least inclusive clade containing Kerberosaurus and Edmontosaurus, which is currently composed of the genera Kerberosaurus, Edmontosaurus, and Shantungosaurus. Zhuchengosaurus and Huaxiaosaurus,both from the Upper Cretaceous Wangshi Group in Zhucheng, are interpreted as junior synonyms of Shantungosaurus. Kundurosaurus is likewise considered a junior synonym of Kerberosaurus. The strict consensus tree together with biogeographic information indicates that the clade Edmontosaurini originated in Asia and subsequently dispersed into North America.

关键词： Hadrosaurinae Edmontosaurini Shantungosaurus Edmontosaurus sister taxon relationship

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Geochemical Stratigraphy and Microvertebrate Assemblage Sequences across the Silurian/Devonian Transition in South China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2011年第2期85卷 340-353页

作者： ZHAO Wenjin WANG Nianzhong ZHU Min Ulrich MANN Ulrich HERTEN Andreas LǖKE Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of vertebrates Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China institute of Chemistry and Dynamics of the Geosphere ICG-4 Research Center Juelich GmbH D-52425 Juelich Germany

Carbon isotope （δ13Corg） analyses of non-marine clastic rocks and neritic carbonates and black shales spanning the Silurian/Devonian transition are compared from two richly fossiliferous sequences in Qujing of East Yunnan and Zoige of Sichuan, South China. The two sections, Xishancun and Putonggou sections in South China, reveal positive δ13Corg shifts happening in the Upper Pridoli and Lower Devonian and reaching peak values as heavy as -25.2‰ （Xishancun） and -19.9‰（Putonggou） in the lowermost Lochkovian following the first occurrence of the thelodont Parathelodus and the conodont Icriodus woschmidti woschmidti （only in Putonggou Section and together with Protathyris-Lanceomyonia brachiopod fauna）. These results replicate a globally known positive shift in δ13Corg from the uppermost Silurian to the lowermost Devonian. The δ13Corg variations across the Silurian/Devonian Boundary （SDB） at the two sections in South China exhibit a shift in carbon isotopic composition similar to the detailed SDB curves from the borehole Klonk-1 drilled at top of the Klonk Global Standard Stratotype-Section and Point （GSSP） in the Prague Basin, Czech Republic. In addition, four microvertebrate assemblages, including the Liaojiaoshan, Xishancun, Yanglugou and Xiaputonggou assemblages, are recognized from the Silurian/Devonian transition exposed in the Xishancun and Putonggou sections, respectively. The results from both carbon isotope stratigraphy and microvertebrate assemblage sequences suggest that the SDB in South China is located at the base of the Xishancun Formation （between sample QX-20 and sample QX-21） in the Xishancun Section and the lower part of the Xiaputonggou Formation （between sample ZP-09 and sample ZP-10） in the Putonggou Section. The isotopic trend for organic carbon together with the changes of microvertebrate remains across the SDB can offer an approach to a potential correlation of the SDB from different sedimentary facies, which help to correlate the marine with no

关键词： Carbon isotope stratigraphy microvertebrate assemblages Silurian-Devonian Boundary marine and non- marine stratigraphic correlation South China

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