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The Arabidopsis pattern recognition receptor EFR enhances fire blight resistance in apple

Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 2615-2623页

作者： Stefano Piazza Manuela Campa Valerio Pompili Lorenza Dalla Costa Umberto Salvagnin Vladimir Nekrasov Cyril Zipfel Mickael Malnoy Research and Innovation Centre Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele a/AdigeItaly Genetics Department Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenboschSouth Africa The Sainsbury Laboratory University of East AngliaNorwichUnited Kingdom institute of plant and microbial biology and zurich-basel plant science center University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Present address:plant sciences Department Rothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK

Fire blight disease,caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora(***),is responsible for substantial losses in cultivated apples *** important mechanism of plant immunity is based on the recognition of conserved microbial molecules,named pathogen-associated or microbe-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs or MAMPs),through pattern recognition receptors(PRRs),leading to pattern-triggered immunity(PTI).The interspecies transfer of PRRs represents a promising strategy to engineer broad-spectrum and durable disease resistance in ***,the Arabidopsis thaliana PRR for the PAMP elf18 derived from the elongation factor thermal unstable(EF-Tu)proved to be effective in improving bacterial resistance when expressed into Solanaceae and other plant *** this study,we tested whether EFR can affect the interaction of apple with *** by its ectopic expression in the susceptible apple rootstock *** EFR expression led to the activation of PAMP-triggered immune response in apple leaves upon treatment with supernatant of ***,as measured by the production of reactive oxygen species and the induction of known defense *** amount of tissue necrosis associated with *** infection was significantly reduced in the EFR transgenic rootstock compared to the *** results show that the expression of EFR in apple rootstock may be a valuable biotechnology strategy to improve the resistance of apple to fire blight.

关键词： blight resistance pattern

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TAA family contributes to auxin production during de novo regeneration of adventitious roots from Arabidopsis leaf explants

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science Bulletin 2016年第22期61卷 1728-1731页

作者： Beibei Sun Lyuqin Chen Jingchun Liu Xuening Zhang Zhongnan Yang Wu Liu Lin Xu National Key Laboratory of plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032China College of Life and Environment sciences Shanghai Normal University Shanghai 200234 China University of Chinese Academy of sciences 19A Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049 China Department of plant and microbial biology Ztirich-Basel Plant Science Center University of Zurich 8008 Zurich Switzerland

Many differentiated plant organs have the ability to regenerate into a new plant after detachment via de novo organogenesis. During de novo root organogenesis from Arabidopsis thaliana leaf explants, wounding first induces endogenous auxin production in mesophyll cells. Auxin is then polar transported to, and accumulates in, regenerationcompetent cells near the wound to trigger the cell-fate transition. The TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS(TAA) family proteins and the YUCCA(YUC) family proteins catalyze two successive biochemical steps in auxin biogenesis, and YUCs have been shown to be involved in auxin production in mesophyll cells during de novo root organogenesis. In thisstudy, we show that the TAA family is also required for adventitious rooting. Inhibition of TAA blocked adventitious root formation from leaf explants. Intriguingly,whereas YUC1 and YUC4 have been shown to be highly induced by wounding, TAA genes retained consistent expression levels before and after leaf ***, we suggest that TAAs and YUCs are both required for auxin biogenesis in leaf explants, but they play different roles in regeneration. While YUC1 and YUC4 function in response to wounding to catalyze the ratelimiting step in auxin biosynthesis, TAAs probably serve as abiding and basal enzymes during de novo root organogenesis from leaf explants.

关键词： De novo root organogenesis TAA1TAR2 plant regeneration Auxin biogenesis Arabidopsis

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Molecular plant 2012年第1期5卷 115-130页

作者： Stefanie Ranf Julia Grimmer Yvonne P6schl Pascal Pecher Delphine Chinchilla Dierk Scheel Justin Lee Leibniz institute of plant Biochemistry Stress and Developmental Biology Weinberg 3 D-06120 Halle Germanyb Present address： institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Weinbergweg 22 D-06120 Halle Germany institute of Computer science Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Von-Seckendorff-Platz 1 D-06120 Halle Germany zurich-basel plant science center Botanical Institute University of Basel Hebelstrasse 1 4056 Basel Switzerland

Calcium acts as a second messenger for signaling to a variety of stimuli including MAMPs （Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns）, such as fig22 and elf18 that are derived from bacterial flagellin and elongation factor Tu, respectively. Here, Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with changed calcium elevation （cce） in response to fig22 treatment were isolated and characterized. Besides novel mutant alleles of the fig22 receptor, FLS2 （Flagellin-Sensitive 2）, and the receptor-associated kinase, BAK1 （Brassinosteroid receptor 1-Associated Kinase 1）, the new cce mutants can be categorized into two main groups--those with a reduced or an enhanced calcium elevation. Moreover, cce mutants from both groups show differ- ential phenotypes to different sets of MAMPs. Thus, these mutants will facilitate the discovery of novel components in early MAMP signaling and bridge the gaps in current knowledge of calcium signaling during plant-microbe interactions. Last but not least, the screening method is optimized for speed （covering 384 plants in 3 or 10 h） and can be adapted to genetically dissect any other stimuli that induce a change in calcium levels.

关键词： Calcium signaling/transport defense responses plant-microbe interactions signal transduction Arabidopsis.

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“Love Is Strong, and You＇re so Sweet”： JAGGER Is Essential for Persistent Synergid Degeneration and Polytubey Block in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular plant 2016年第4期9卷 601-614页

作者： Ana Marta Pereira Margarida Sofia Nobre Sara Cristina Pinto Ana Lucia Lopes Mario Luis Costa Simona Masiero Silvia Coimbra Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade do Porto Rua do Campo Alegre 4169-007 Porto Portugal plant Functional Genomics Group Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BiolSI) 4169-007 Porto Portugal Dipartimento di BioScienze Universita degli Studi di Milano 20133 Milan Italy Present address: institute of plant biology and zurich-basel plant science center University of ZUrich Zolikerstrasse 107 8008 Zurich Switzerland

Successful double fertilization and subsequent seed development in flowering plants requires the delivery of two sperm cells, transported by a pollen tube, into the embryo sac of an ovule. The embryo sac cells tightly control synergid cell death, and as a result the polyspermy block. Arabinogalactan proteins are highly glycosylated proteins thought to be involved in several steps of the reproductive process. We show that JAGGER, Arabinogalactan Protein 4, is an important molecule necessary to prevent the growth of multiple pollen tubes into one embryo sac in Arabidopsis thaliana. In jagger, an AGP4 knockout mutant, the pistils show impaired pollen tube blockage as a consequence of the survival of the persistent synergid. JAGGER seems to be involved in the signaling pathway that leads to a blockage of pollen tube attraction. Our results shed light on the mechanism responsible for preventing polyspermy in Arabidopsis and for safe- guarding successful fertilization of all ovules in one pistil, ensuring seed set and the next generation.

关键词： Polytubey persistent synergid arabinogalactan proteins polyspermy

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Control of PHERES1 Imprinting in Arabidopsis by Direct Tandem Repeats

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Molecular plant 2009年第4期2卷 654-660页

作者： Corina Belle R. Villar Aleksandra Erilova Grigory Makarevich Raphael Trosch Claudia Kohler Department of biology and zurich-basel plant science center Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Centre CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland

Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon that causes monoallelic expression of specific genes dependent on the parent-of-origin. Imprinting of the Arabidopsis gene PHERES1 requires the function of the FERTILIZATION INDEPENDENT SEED （FIS） Polycomb group complex as well as a distally located methylated region containing a tandem triple repeat sequence. In this study, we investigated the regulation of the close PHERES1 homolog PHERES2. We found that PHERES2 is also a direct target gene of the FIS Polycomb group complex, but, in contrast to PHERES1, PHERES2 is equally expressed from maternal and paternal alleles. Thus, PHERES2 is not regulated by genomic imprinting, correlating with the lack of tandem repeats at PHERES2. Eliminating tandem repeats from the PHERES1 locus abolishes PHERES1 imprinting, demonstrating that tandem repeats are essential forPHERES1 imprinting. Taking these results together, our study shows that the recently duplicated genes PHERES1 and PHERES2 are both target genes of the FIS Polycomb group complex but only PHERES1 is regulated by genomic imprinting, which is likely caused by the presence of repeat sequences in the proximity of the PHERES1 locus.

关键词： Chromatin structure and remodeling epigenetics gene regulation gene silencing gametogenesis and fertilization.

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A plasma membrane nucleotide-binding leucinerich repeat receptor mediates the recognition of the Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum effector RipY in Nicotiana benthamiana

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plant Communications 2023年第6期4卷 313-328页

作者： Boyoung Kim Wenjia Yu Haseong Kim Qian Dong Sera Choi Maxim Prokchorchick Alberto PMacho Kee Hoon Sohn Cécile Segonzac Department of Agriculture Forestry and BioresourcesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea plant Immunity Research center Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Shanghai center for plant Stress biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201602China Department of Life sciences Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673Republic of Korea plant Genomics and Breeding institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Research institute of Agriculture and Life sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Present address:institute of plant and microbial biology and Zürich-basel plant science center University of Zürich8008 ZürichSwitzerland The institute of Crop science and Resource Conservation(INRES) University of BonnNussallee 953115 BonnGermany

Bacterial wilt disease caused by several Ralstonia species is one of the most destructive diseases in Solanaceae *** a few functional resistance genes against bacterial wilt have been cloned to ***,we showthat the broadly conserved typeⅢsecreted effector RipY is recognized by the Nicotiana benthamiana immune system,leading to cell death induction,induction of defense-related gene expression,and restriction of bacterial pathogen *** a multiplexed virus-induced gene-silencing-based *** nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat receptor(NbNLR)library,we identified a coiled-coil(CC)nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat receptor(CNL)required for recognition of RipY,which we named RESISTANCE TO RALSTONIA SOLANACEARUM RIPY(RRS-Y).Genetic complementation assays in RRS-Y-silenced plants and stable rrs-y knockout mutants demonstrated that RRS-Y is sufficient to activate RipY-induced cell death andRipY-induced immunity to Ralstonia ***-Y function is dependent on the phosphate-binding loop motif of the nucleotide-binding domain but independent of the characterized signaling components ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1,ACTIVATED DISEASE RESISTANCE 1,and N REQUIREMENT GENE 1 and the NLR helpers NB-LRR REQUIRED FOR HR-ASSOCIATED CELL DEATH-2,-3,and-4 in *** further show that RRS-Y localization at the plasma membrane is mediated by two cysteine residues in the CC domain and is required for RipY *** also broadly recognizes RipY homologs across Ralstonia ***,we show that the C-terminal region of RipY is indispensable for RRS-Y ***,our findings provide an additional effector/receptor pair system to deepen our understanding of CNL activation in plants.

关键词： typeⅢsecreted effector plant immune system nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor virusinduced gene silencing

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plant diversity and community history shift colonization success from early- to mid-successional species

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Journal of plant Ecology 2015年第3期8卷 231-241页

作者： Christiane Roscher Uta Gerighausen Bernhard Schmid Ernst-Detlef Schulze UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchDepartment of Community EcologyTheodor-Lieser-Strasse 4D-06120 HalleGermany Max Planck institute for Biogeochemistry PO Box 100164D-07701 JenaGermany institute of Evolutionary biology and Environmental Studies and zurich-basel plant science center University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland

Aims Functional traits are supposed to play an important role in deter-mining the colonization success of new species into established ***-term experimental studies have documented higher resistance of more diverse grasslands against coloni-zation by new ***,little is known about which traits colonizers should have to successfully invade diverse plant communities in the longer term and how community his-tory may modify the resistance of diverse communities against *** In a grassland biodiversity experiment(Jena Experiment)established with different species richness(s;1,2,4,8 and 16)and functional group(Fg)number and composition(1 to 4;legumes,grasses,small herbs,tall herbs),we studied colonization of naturally dispersed species in split-plots(i)with different duration of weeding(never weeded,weeded for 3 or 6 years and then un-weeded for 1 year)and(ii)with different duration of colonization(7 years,4 years and 1 year after cessation of weeding).Important Findingsresistance against colonization by new species declined with increased duration of weeding(on average 13,17 and 22 col-onizer species in 1-,4-and 7-year-old communities,respec-tively).Communities established at low diversity accumulated more colonizer species with a longer duration of weeding than more diverse *** of colonization had only small effects on the number of colonizer *** with early successional traits,*** life cycle,reproduction by seeds,small seeds,long-lived seeds and an earlier start of a longer flowering period,were favoured in species-poor newly established experimental plant communities(short duration of weeding)and early after cessation of weeding(short duration of colonization).a change from early-to mid-successional traits,*** growth,perennial life cycle,vegetative reproduction,characterized colonization at increased plant diversity and in communities with legumes or without *** absence/gr

关键词： abundance-weighted community mean traits biodiversity colonization simple community mean traits species richness

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Arabidopsis MSI1 Is Required for Negative Regulation of the Response to Drought Stress

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Molecular plant 2009年第4期2卷 675-687页

作者： Cristina Alexandre Yvonne Moller-Steinbach Nicole Sch6nrock Wilhelm Gruissem Lars Hennig Department of biology and zurich-basel plant science center ETH Zurich CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Present address: Brain and Mind Research institute University of Sydney 100 Mallett St Camperdown NSW 2050 Australia Department of biology ETH Zurich LFW E17 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland

Arabidopsis MSI1 has fundamental functions in plant development. MSI1 is a subunit of Polycomb group protein complexes and Chromatin assembly factor 1, and it interacts with the Retinoblastoma-related protein 1. Altered levels of MSI1 result in pleiotropic phenotypes, reflecting the complexity of MSI1 protein functions. In order to uncover additional functions of MSI1, we performed transcriptional profiling of wild-type and plants with highly reduced MSI1 levels （msil-cs）. Surprisingly, the known functions of MSI1 could only account for a minor part of the transcriptional changes in msil-cs plants. One of the most striking unexpected observations was the up-regulation of a subset of ABA-responsive genes eliciting the response to drought and salt stress. We report that MSI1 can bind to the chromatin of the drought-inducible downstream target RD20 and suggest a new role for MSI1 in the negative regulation of the Arabidopsis drought-stress response.

关键词： Abiotic/environmental stress water relations chromatin structure and remodeling transcriptome analysis development.

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A novel Methylomirabilota methanotroph potentially couples methane oxidation to iodate reduction

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mLife 2022年第3期1卷 323-328页

作者： Baoli Zhu Clemens Karwautz Stefan Andrei Andreas Klingl Jakob Pernthaler Tillmann Lueders Key Laboratory of Agro‐Ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions Taoyuan Agroecosystem Research StationInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina Chair of Ecological Microbiology Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research(BayCEER)University of BayreuthBayreuthGermany Department of plant and microbial biology Limnological StationUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Department of Limnology and Bio‐Oceanography University of ViennaViennaAustria Biocenter of the LMU Munich Plant Development&Electron MicroscopyPlanegg‐MartinsriedGermany

Impact statement Methane oxidizing microbes play a key role in reducing the emission of this potent greenhouse gas to the *** known versatility of the recently discovered anaerobic Methylomirabilota methanotrophs is ***,we report a novel uncultured Methylomirabilis species,Candidatus Methylomirabilis iodofontis,with the genetic potential of iodate respiration from biofilm in iodine‐rich cavern spring ***‐like cells resembling Methylomirabilis oxyfera were directly observed from the biofilm and a high‐quality metagenome‐assembled genome(MAG)of *** was *** addition to oxygenic denitrification and aerobic methane oxidation pathways,the *** MAG also indicated its iodate‐reducing potential,a capability that would enable the bacterium to use iodate other than nitrite as an electron acceptor,a hitherto unrecognized metabolic potential of Methylomirabilota *** results advance the current understanding of the ecophysiology of anaerobic Methylomirabilota methanotrophs and may suggest an additional methane sink,especially in iodate‐rich ecosystems.

关键词： methane statement iodine

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Improving ITS sequence data for identification of plant pathogenic fungi

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第4期67卷 11-19页

作者： R.Henrik Nilsson Kevin D.Hyde Julia Pawlowska Martin Ryberg Leho Tedersoo Anders Bjornsgard Aas Siti A.Alias Artur Alves Cajsa Lisa Anderson Alexandre Antonelli A.Elizabeth Arnold Barbara Bahnmann Mohammad Bahram Johan Bengtsson-Palme Anna Berlin Sara Branco Putarak Chomnunti Asha Dissanayake Rein Drenkhan Hanna Friberg Tobias Guldberg Froslev Bettina Halwachs Martin Hartmann Beatrice Henricot Ruvishika Jayawardena Ari Jumpponen Havard Kauserud Sonja Koskela Tomasz Kulik Kare Liimatainen Bjorn D.Lindahl Daniel Lindner Jian-Kui Liu Sajeewa Maharachchikumbura Dimuthu Manamgoda Svante Martinsson Maria Alice Neves Tuula Niskanen Stephan Nylinder Olinto Liparini Pereira Danilo Batista Pinho Teresita M.Porter Valentin Queloz Taavi Riit Marisol Sánchez-García Filipe de Sousa Emil Stefańczyk Mariusz Tadych Susumu Takamatsu Qing Tian Dhanushka Udayanga Martin Unterseher Zheng Wang Saowanee Wikee Jiye Yan Ellen Larsson Karl-Henrik Larsson Urmas Koljalg Kessy Abarenkov Department of Biological and Environmental sciences University of GothenburgBox 46140530 GothenburgSweden institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of plant Systematics and Geography Faculty of BiologyUniversity of WarsawAl.Ujazdowskie 400-478 WarsawPoland Department of Organismal biology Uppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18D75236 UppsalaSweden institute of Ecology and Earth sciences University of TartuLai 40Tartu 51005Estonia microbial Evolution Research Group University of OsloBlindernveien 310371 OsloNorway institute of Biological sciences University of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of biology CESAMUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal School of plant sciences The University of Arizona1140 E South Campus DriveForbes 303TucsonAZ 85721USA Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology Institute of Microbiology ASCRVídeňská108314220 Prague 4Czech Republic Department of Infectious Diseases Institute of BiomedicineSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGuldhedsgatan 1041346 GoteborgSweden Department of Forest Mycology and plant Pathology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 702675007 UppsalaSweden University of California at Berkeley 321 Koshland Hall University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720-3102USA Agriculture and Forestry sciences Beijing 100097China institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering Estonian University of Life SciencesKreutzwaldi551014 TartuEstonia Natural History Museum of Denmark Øster Voldgade 5-71350 København KDenmark institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics Graz University of Technology8010 GrazAustria Core Facility Bioinformatics Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology8010 GrazAustria Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry Swiss Federal Research Institute WSLZuercherstrasse 1118903 BirmensdorfSwitzerland Molecular Ecology Institute for Sustainability SciencesAgroscopeReckenholzstrasse 191

plant pathogenic fungi are a large and diverse assemblage of eukaryotes with substantial impacts on natural ecosystems and human *** taxa often have complex and poorly understood life cycles,lack observable,discriminatory morphological characters,and may not be amenable to in vitro *** a result,species identification is frequently ***(DNA sequence)data have emerged as crucial information for the taxonomic identification of plant pathogenic fungi,with the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region being the most popular ***,international nucleotide sequence databases are accumulating numerous sequences of compromised or low-resolution taxonomic annotations and substandard technical quality,making their use in the molecular identification of plant pathogenic fungi *** we report on a concerted effort to identify high-quality reference sequences for various plant pathogenic fungi and to re-annotate incorrectly or insufficiently annotated public ITS sequences from these fungal lineages.A third objective was to enrich the sequences with geographical and ecological *** results-a total of 31,954 changes-are incorporated in and made available through the UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi(http://***),including standalone FASTA files of sequence data for local BLAST searches,use in the next-generation sequencing analysis platforms QIIME and mothur,and related *** present initiative is just a beginning to cover the wide spectrum of plant pathogenic fungi,and we invite all researchers with pertinent expertise to join the annotation effort.

关键词： Phytopathogenic fungi Molecular identification ITS Taxonomy Annotation

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