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Use of ebselen as a neuroprotective agent in rat spinal cord subjected to traumatic injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第7期14卷 1255-1261页

作者： Wojciech ?lusarczyk Edyta Olakowska Magdalena Larysz-Brysz izabella Woszczycka-Korczyńska Daria Gendosz de Carrillo W?adys?aw P.W?glarz Joanna Lewin-Kowalik Wies?aw Marcol Department of physiology Medical University of Silesia institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences

Spinal cord injury(SCi) causes disturbances of motor *** radicals have been shown to be essential for the development of spinal cord *** some progress,until now no effective pharmacological therapies against SCi have been *** purpose of our experiment was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of ebselen on experimental ***-two rats subjected to SCi were randomly subjected to SCi with no further treatment(n = 10) or intragastric administration of ebselen(10 mg/kg) immediately and 24 hours after *** changes were assessed using the Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan locomotor scale and footprint test during 12 weeks after *** and immunohistochemical analyses of spinal cords and brains were performed at 12 weeks after *** resonance imaging analysis of spinal cords was also performed at 12 weeks after *** treated with ebselen presented only limited neurobehavioral progress as well as reduced spinal cord injuries compared with the control group,namely length of lesions(cysts/scars)visualized histopathologically in the spinal cord sections was less but cavity area was very *** same pattern was found in T2-weighted magnetic resonance images(cavities) and diffusion-weighted images(scars).The number of FluoroGold retrogradely labeled neurons in brain stem and motor cortex was several-fold higher in ebselen-treated rats than in the control *** findings suggest that ebselen has only limited neuroprotective effects on injured spinal *** exprimental procedures were approved by the Local Animal Ethics Committee for Experiments on Animals in Katowice(Katowice,Poland)(approval No.19/2009).

关键词： ebselen antioxidant neuroprotection neuroregeneration spinal cord injury spinal cord repair functional recovery

The composition and spectral properties of three different forms of light-harvesting complex ii

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2003年第5期46卷 464-473页

作者：冷静李良璧匡廷云 Key Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular physiology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences

Different aggregates of LHC ii play a very important role in regulating the light absorption and excitation energy transfer of plant. Trimeric LHC ii was purified from spinach thylakoid membrane. in order to obtain the dimeric and monomeric LHC ii, the trimer was treated with the mixture of 2% OGP and 10 mg/mL PLA2, then loaded onto the sucrose density gradient in the presence of 0.06% triton X-100. The LHC ii trimer, dimer and monomer isolated by sucrose density gradient all contained three polypeptides with molecular weight of 29, 28 and 26 kd respectively. The pigment composition showed much difference in the content of Chl b and xanthophyll among three forms of LHC ii. To study the light capture and excitation energy transfer in different forms of LHC ii, the absorption and fluorescence spectra were analyzed. The results clearly showed that the efficiency of energy absorption and transfer was different in the three kinds of LHC ii, the highest for trimeric LHC ii, intermediate for dimeric LHC ii, and the lowest for monomeric LHC ii. it was suggested that there might be a physiological homeostasis of different aggregates of LHC ii in plants, which is significant for the plant self-regulating upon exposure to variable light environment.

关键词： LHC ii, aggregate, pigment, energy absorption and transfer.

Effect of heavy load carriage on cardiorespiratory responses with varying gradients and modes of carriage

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Military Medical Research 2019年第1期6卷 53-59页

作者： Subhojit Chatterjee Tirthankar Chatterjee Debojyoti Bhattacharyya Suranjana Sen Madhusudan Pal Defence institute of physiology and Allied Sciences Defence Research & Development Organisation Ministry of Defence

Background: The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of different uphill and downhill gradients on cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses of soldiers while carrying heavy military loads in two different ***: Eight physically fit male soldiers with a mean age 32.0±2.0 years, a mean height of 169.5±4.9 cm, and a mean weight of 63.8±8.4 kg volunteered for this study. Each volunteer completed treadmill walking trials at a speed of 3.5 km/h while carrying no external load, 31.4 kg load in a distributed mode(existing load carriage ensembles) and compact mode(new back pack) over 5 different downhill and uphill gradients(–5%, –10%, 0%, 5%, 10%) for 6 min at each gradient. During the walking trials, heart rate(HR), oxygen uptake(VO_2), respiratory frequency(RF) and energy expenditure(EE) were determined by the process of breath-by-breath gas analysis using a K4 b2 system. The average of the last 2 min data from each 6 min walking trial for each individual was subjected to statistical ***: All parameters(HR, VO_2, RF, and EE) gradually increased with the change in gradient from downhill to level to uphill. The distributed mode showed higher values compared to compact mode for all gradients, e.g., for VO_2, there was a 10.7, 7.4, 5.1, 28.2 and 18.7% increase in the distributed mode across the 5 different ***: it can be concluded from the present study that the compact mode of load carriage is more beneficial than the distributed mode in terms of cardiorespiratory responses while walking on downhill and uphill surfaces with a 31.4 kg load.

关键词： Heavy load carriage Cardio respiratory responses Gradients Soldiers

CHANGES ON ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM UNDER ACUTE HYPOXiA AND RELATiONSHiP BETWEEN TOLERANT ABiLiTY TO HYPOXiA AND ADAPTATiON ABiLiTY TO HiGH ALTiTUDES

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Science in China,Ser.B 1983年第1期26卷 58-69页

作者：石中瑗赵德铭李长明钱淼申 Scientific institute of Underwater Technology Shanghai Shanghai institute of physiology Academia Sinica

This report deals with the study of the changes of electroencephalogram under acute hypoxia in dccompression chamber and the study of the relationship between tolerant ability to hypoxia and adaptation ability to high altitudes. Based upon the surveying result on 18 subjects, the close interrelationship between them has been proven.

关键词： CHANGES ON ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM UNDER ACUTE HYPOXiA AND RELATiONSHiP BETWEEN TOLERANT ABiLiTY TO HYPOXiA AND ADAPTATiON ABiLiTY TO HiGH ALTiTUDES high body

Change of cholinergic transmission and memory deficiency induced by injection of β-amyloid protein into NBM of rats

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2001年第4期44卷 435-442页

作者：马晓峰叶惟泠梅镇彤 1. Shanghai institute of physiology Chinese Academy of Sciences 200031 Shanghai China

The change of cholinergic transmission of p-amyloid protein (P-AP) treated rats was studied by intracerebral microdialysis sampling combined with HPLC analysis. β-AP1-40 was injected into nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM). Passive avoidance response test (step-down test) and delayed alternation task were used for memory testing. The impairment of memory after injection of β-AP1-40 into NBM exhibited mainly the deficiency of short-term working memory. One week after injection of β-AP1-40 the release of acetylcholine (ACh) from frontal cortex of freely-moving rats decreased significantly, and the response of cholinergic nerve ending to the action of high [K+] solution was rather weak. in control animals the percentage of increase of ACh-release during behavioral performance was 57%, while in β-AP1-40-treated rats it was 34%. The temporary increase of the ACh-release of the rat put into a new place was also significantly diminished in β-AP1-40 -treated rats. The results show that the injection of β-AP1-40 into NBM impairs the cholinergic transmission in frontal cortex, and the impairment of cholinergic transmission may be the main cause of the deficit of working memory.

关键词： β-amyloid protein nucleus basalis magnocellularis cholinergic transmission in frontal cortex microdialysis sampling working memory rats.

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on biomass production and nodulation behavior of Pongamia pinnata Pierre seedlings under nursery conditions

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第3期24卷 531-538页

作者： S.P. Chaukiyal Rayees Afzal Mir T.C. Pokhriyal Plant physiology Botany Division. Forest Research InstituteDehradun Uttarakhand India

At the seedling stage, a small amount of N is required to boost growth of leguminous plants. A pot experiment was conducted to observe the effect of N fertilizer on various growth parameters and nodulation behavior of Pongamia pinnata under nursery conditions. After the estab- lishment of seedlings, four nitrogen treatments, 0, 40, 80 and 100 kg-ha^-1 N were applied in two equal splits. Monthly observations were taken for the morphological parameters viz. plant height, collar diameter, leaf number, root length, root shoot ratio, nodule number and weight per plant. Maximum plant height was recorded after application of N at 40 ***^-1. Seasonally, the difference in collar diameter in rainy season was signifi- cantly higher than in winter or summer. However, more leaves were produced per plant at N-40 and N-100 treatments in winter and rainy seasons. Higher root length was recorded in rainy season than in winter or summer. Root biomass was higher than for stems or leaves. Seasonal effects of N-80 and N-40 treatments on leaf dry weight were significantly higher than for N-100 or N-0. Stem dry weight was higher at N-40 than at other treatments in winter and summer seasons. Root：shoot ratio was higher throughout winter to early summer. Nodule biomass was 2-3 times higher in rainy season compared to winter or summer. Maximum nodule number and biomass per plant were highest at N-40, followed by N-0, N-80 and N-100 treatments. New nodule formation started from June to the end of September. Maximum biomass per plant was recorded at N-40, followed by N-80, N-100 and N-0. Nitrogen treatment effect and seasonal behaviour interaction were not significant. Significantly higher numbers of nodules per plant were recorded in rainy season followed by summer and winter for all treatments. Higher nitrogen doses suppressed growth while lower doses promoted growth in Pongamia pinnata. Therefore, the lower nitrogen dose i.e., N-40 ***^-1 applied in two equal splits was suitable at the

关键词： Pongamia pinnata biomass nitrogen treatments seasonalbehaviour

in memory of Prof. Yang Zhong

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Science Bulletin 2017年第24期62卷 1626-1627页

作者： Xiao-Ya Chen institute of Plant physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China

Arabidopsis thaliana serves as a model organism for the study of genetics, and is the first flowering plant to get its genome completely sequenced. it also has greatly advanced our understanding of intraspecific genome variations. The extreme and unforgiving environments in Xizang （Tibet）, mainly due to the high altitude, have prompted scientists to ask how wild populations of plants adapt to biotic and abiotic environments.

关键词： in memory Prof. Yang Zhong

Andrographolide inhibits chikungunya virus infection by up-regulating host innate immune pathways

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第3期11卷 214-221页

作者： Swati Gupta Kamla Prasad Mishra Paban Kumar Dash Manmohan Parida Lilly Ganju Shashi Bala Singh Defence institute of physiology & Allied Sciences Defence Research and Development Establishment

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of andrographolide, a plant derived compound, against chikungunya virus(CHiKV) infection. Methods: Using flow cytometry and immunoblotting assay, in vitro viral protein expression was studied in THP-1 cells line. in Balb/c mouse neonates, viral RNA copy number was determined by real time PCR. Results:The results showed reduced CHiKV protein expression on andrographolide treatment in CHiKV-infected human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, Vero cells and THP-i cell *** vivo, andrographolide treatment to CHiKV-infected neonates reduced viral RNA copy number. Further. andrographolide also increased cytotoxic T lymphocytes both in vitro and in vivo. Andrographolide also activated host innate immune pathways, viz., protein kinase *** eukaryotic initiation factor 2 α, retinoic acid inducible gene-Ⅰ and interferon regulatory factor 3/7, thereby increasing iFN-a secretion. CHiKV-induced nuclear factor κlight chain enhancer of activated B cells and tumor necrosis factor-a was also reduced on andrographolide treatment. Conclusion: Andrographolide inhibits CHiKV by suppressing viral protein expression and up-regulating host innate immunity and hence could be an effective therapeutic agent against CHiKV infection.

关键词： Chikungunya virus Andrographolide interferon α Protein kinase R Retinoic acid inducible gene-i Tumor necrosis factor α

Difference in response of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters to strong light between wheat and soybean leaves

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第8期42卷 684-689页

作者： Hong, SS Xu, DQ Shanghai institute of Plant physiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China

UPPER leaves of higher plants are often exposed to strong sunlight around noon on clear days,

关键词： chlorophyll fluorescence xanthophyll cycle reversible inactivation of PS Ⅱ reaction centers wheat soybean.