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Celiac disease and skin: Psoriasis association

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第14期13卷 2138-2139页

作者： L Abenavoli L Leggio G Gasbarrini G Addolorato institute of Internal Medicine Catholic University of Rome Italy

We read with great interest the recent review by Rodrigo on the celiac disease （CD）. The author analyzed all aspects of CD. Contrary to common belief, this disorder is a systemic disease, rather than a pure digestive alteration. In fact, CD is associated with several diseases： skin manifestations, endocrine disorders, iron-deficiency anemia, osteoporosis, hypertransaminasemia, neurologic disorders and cancer. In the description of skin manifestations, the author reported the association between CD and dermatitis herpetiformis （DH）. This condition affects about 15%-25% of patients with CD. Antibodies for CD have been detected in patients with DH. As CD and DH may be vastly different, they both share a unique intestinal sensitivity to gluten. The rash of DH is thought to be an external marker of the underlying intestinal sensitivity that is likely to be the result of molecular mimicry between the auto-antigen tissue transglutaminase resident in the gut and the skin derived epidermal transglutaminase[3]. However, our study group has reported all CD-associated skin manifestations described in the literature, and in particular psoriasis.

关键词： Gastroenterology

Triggering of Major Brain Disorders by Protons and ATP:The Role of ASICs and P2X Receptors

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第5期39卷 845-862页

作者： Andri Cherninskyi Maksim Storozhuk Oleksandr Maximyuk Vyacheslav Kulyk Oleg Krishtal Bogomoletz institute of Physiology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv 01024Ukraine

Adenosine triphosphate(ATP)is well-known as a universal source of energy in living *** known is that this molecule has a variety of important signaling func-tions:it activates a variety of specific metabotropic(P2Y)and ionotropic(P2X)receptors in neuronal and non-neu-ronal cell ***,a wide variety of signaling func-tions well fits the ubiquitous presence of ATP in the *** more ubiquitous are *** from the unspe-cific interaction of protons with any protein,many physi-ological processes are affected by protons acting on specific ionotropic receptors--acid-sensing ion channels(ASICs).Both protons(acidification)and ATP are locally elevated in various pathological *** these fundamentally important molecules as agonists,ASICs and P2X receptors signal a variety of major brain *** we briefly outline the physiological roles of ASICs and P2X receptors,focusing on the brain pathologies involving these receptors.

关键词： ASICs P2X receptors Stroke Chronic pain Epilepsy Neurodegenerative psychiatric diseases

Impairment of Oligodendroglia and Myelin Development Leads to Aberrantly Increased Cortical Glutamate and Psychotic Behavior in Mice

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神经药理学报 2019年第Z1期 98-100页

作者： CHEN Xian-Jun WANG Fei GAN Jing-li YU Guang-dan LIU Zhi XIAO Lan Department of Histology and Embryology Chongqing Key Laboratory of NeurobiologyArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University) Department of Psychiatry Mental Diseases Prevention and Treatment Institute of PLANo. 988 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA

Objective:Except for the well-recognized neuronal abnormalities,accumulating studies revealed the involvement of oligodendroglia(OL) and myelin deficits in major psychiatric disorders,including impaired myelin integrity,loss of OL and dysregulation of myelin related genes. Besides,some neurological disorders characterized by white matter abnormalities(e.g. leukodystrophies and multiple sclerosis) show some psychotic symptoms. However,whether and how OL and myelin deficits lead to psychiatric symptoms remains undefined. Our study aimed to test the hypothesis that impaired OL differentiation and myelination could contribute to the etiology of psychiatric disorders rather than simply accompanied pathological abnormalities. Methods:In this animal model study,we employed Olig2 conditional knockout mice(Olig2 cKO) by crossing Cnp-cre with floxed Olig2 mice. OL and myelin development were observed by immunostaining of brain slices. Ultra-structure of myelin in anterior cingulated cortex of young adult mice(P56) was analyzed by transmission electron microscope(TEM). Localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to detect neurochemicals in cerebral cortex at juvenile(postnatal day21,P21). Mice behaviors and cognitive functions were further analyzed by several well-defined behavioral tests,including open field,forced swim test,cliff avoidance test,prepulse inhibition(PPI) and novel object recognition test. Results:We found(1) Olig2 ablation caused a loss of mature oligodendrocytes(OLs),but not oligodendroglia progenitor cells(OPCs),in both anterior cingulated cortex(ACC) and corpus callosum(CC) at juvenile and young adult age.(2) Robust developmental myelin deficits were found in Olig2 cKO mice during adolescence,leading to severe hypomyelination in ACC of young adult mice.(3) Localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed that Olig2 cKO mice displayed abnormally elevated cortical glutamate level.(4) Both the juvenile and young adult Olig2 cKO mice show

关键词： oligodendroglia olig2 myelin development glutamate anxiety cognition psychiatric disorders

Protein kinase CK2: a potential therapeutic target for diverse human diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第6期6卷 1698-1717页

作者： Christian Borgo Claudio D'Amore Stefania Sarno Mauro Salvi Maria Ruzzene Department of Biomedical Sciences University of PaduaPaduaItaly CNR institute of Neuroscience University of PaduaPaduaItaly

CK2 is a constitutively active Ser/Thr protein kinase,which phosphorylates hundreds of substrates,controls several signaling pathways,and is implicated in a plethora of human *** best documented role is in cancer,where it regulates practically all malignant *** well-known functions of CK2 are in human infections;in particular,several viruses exploit host cell CK2 for their life *** recently,also SARS-CoV-2,the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic,has been found to enhance CK2 activity and to induce the phosphorylation of several CK2 substrates(either viral and host proteins).CK2 is also considered an emerging target for neurological diseases,inflammation and autoimmune disorders,diverse ophthalmic pathologies,diabetes,and *** addition,CK2 activity has been associated with cardiovascular diseases,as cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury,atherosclerosis,and cardiac *** hypothesis of considering CK2 inhibition for cystic fibrosis therapies has been also entertained for many ***,psychiatric disorders and syndromes due to CK2 mutations have been recently *** these bases,CK2 is emerging as an increasingly attractive target in various fields of human medicine,with the advantage that several very specific and effective inhibitors are already ***,we review the literature on CK2 implication in different human pathologies and evaluate its potential as a pharmacological target in the light of the most recent findings.

关键词： diseases inflammation potential

Development of ^(18)F-labeled radiotracers for neuroreceptor imaging with positron emission tomography

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2014年第5期30卷 777-811页

作者： Peter Brust Jrg van den Hoff Jrg Steinbach Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchPermoserstrasse 15Leipzig04318Germany

Positron emission tomography （PET） is an in vivo molecular imaging tool which is widely used in nuclear medicine for early diagnosis and treatment follow-up of many brain diseases. PET uses biomolecules as probes which are labeled with radionuclides of short half-lives, synthesized prior to the imaging studies. These probes are called radiotracers. Fluorine-18 is a radionuclide routinely used in the radiolabeling of neuroreceptor ligands for PET because of its favorable half-life of 109.8 min. The delivery of such radiotracers into the brain provides images of transport, metabolic, and neurotransmission processes on the molecular level. After a short introduction into the principles of PET, this review mainly focuses on the strategy of radiotracer development bridging from basic science to biomedical application. Successful radiotracer design as described here provides molecular probes which not only are useful for imaging of human brain diseases, but also allow molecular neuroreceptor imaging studies in various small-animal models of disease, including genetically- engineered animals. Furthermore, they provide a powerful tool for in vivo pharmacology during the process of pre-clinical drug development to identify new drug targets, to investigate pathophysiology, to discover potential drug candidates, and to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs in vivo.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease autoradiography blood-brain barrier brain tumor cholinergic system kinetic modeling metabolism molecular imaging neurodegeneration positron emission tomography precursor psychiatric disorder radiotracer sigma receptor

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Genomics in neurological Disorders

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2014年第4期12卷 156-163页

作者： Guangchun Han Jiya Sun Jiajia Wang Zhouxian Bai Fuhai Song Hongxing Lei CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Alzheimer’s Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders

neurological disorders comprise a variety of complex diseases in the central nervous system, which can be roughly classified as neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. The basic and translational research of neurological disorders has been hindered by the difficulty in accessing the pathological center （i.e., the brain） in live patients. The rapid advancement of sequencing and array technologies has made it possible to investigate the disease mechanism and biomarkers from a systems perspective. In this review, recent progresses in the discovery of novel risk genes, treatment targets and peripheral biomarkers employing genomic technologies will be dis- cussed. Our major focus will be on two of the most heavily investigated neurological disorders, namely Alzheimer＇s disease and autism spectrum disorder.

关键词： Brain transcriptome Genome-wide associationstudy Whole exome sequencing Epigenome profiling Biomarker

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PRELIMINARY TRIALS WITH F30066 AND F30069 IN SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM INFECTIONS IN MAN

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Chinese Medical Journal 1963年第2期

作者：徐日光卢春彬杨静姝吕继舜江熙仁 institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai

A preliminary study was conductedto explore the clinical tolerance and toassess the therapeutic response in oraltreatment of schistosomiasis japonicawith F30066 and *** major side effects weregastrointestinal irritations and muscular *** psychiatric changes ofshort duration and slight disturbance ofthe function of kidney or liver were oc-casionally *** side effectsevoked by these compounds werepromptly reversible and no incidenceof serious sequelae was encountered inthe entire *** clinical response of all acuteschistosomiasis cases with fever wassatisfactory;subsidence of fever wasespecially rapid with the use of *** the long-range results interms of conversion of stool specimensto negative were not satisfactory,it isbelieved that further study of the pre-parations is worthwhile.

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Development of a protocol for videoconferencing-based exposure and response prevention treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第2期13卷 60-74页

作者： Sanjana Kathiravan Subho Chakrabarti Department of Psychiatry Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research(PGIMER)Chandigarh 160012India

BACKGROUND The existing literature indicates that psychotherapeutic treatment,especially exposure and response prevention(ERP)is efficacious in treating obsessivecompulsive disorder(OCD).The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic adversely impacted many patients with OCD and disrupted their usual ***,the pandemic forced a global switch to telemental health(TMH)services to maintain the standards and continuity of ***,clinicians are increasingly using TMH-based psychotherapeutic treatments to treat ***,several challenges have made it difficult for them to implement these treatments in the changed circumstances imposed by the *** To describe the formulation,implementation,feasibility,and usefulness of videoconferencing-based ERP(VC-ERP)treatment for OCD during the coronavirus disease 2019 *** This prospective,observational study was conducted in the psychiatric unit of a multi-specialty hospital in north India over 12 mo(July 2020-June 2021).All patients with OCD were assessed using the home-based TMH services of the *** VC-ERP protocol for OCD was the outcome of weekly Zoom meetings with a group of clinicians involved in administering the *** a systematic evaluation of the available treatment options,an initial protocol for delivering VC-ERP was *** for clinicians and educational materials for patients and their families were *** protocol was implemented among patients with OCD attending the TMH services,and their progress was *** weekly meetings were used to upgrade the protocol to meet the needs of all *** and efficacy outcomes were *** All patients were diagnosed with OCD as a primary or a comorbid condition according to the International Classification of diseases,10th version *** of 115 patients who attended the services during the study period,37 were excluded from the final *** the remaining 78 patie

关键词： Videoconferencing Exposure and response prevention Obsessive-compulsive disorder Telemedicine COVID-19

Post-traumatic stress disorder:a psychiatric disorder requiring urgent attention

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Medical Review 2022年第3期2卷 219-243页

作者： Jun Du Huapeng Diao Xiaojuan Zhou Chunkui Zhang Yifei Chen Yan Gao Yizheng Wang Science Center Beijing Institute of Basic Medical SciencesBeijingChina

Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a severe and heterogenous psychiatric disorder that was first defined as a mental disorder in ***,the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition(DSM-5)and the International Classification of diseases 11th Edition(ICD-11)offer the most widely accepted diagnostic guidelines for *** both diagnostic categories,experiencing a traumatic event(TE)is the necessary criterion for diagnosing *** TEs described in the DSM-5 include actual or threatened death,serious injury,sexual violence,and other extreme stressors,either directly or *** than 70%of adults worldwide are exposed to a TE at least once in their lifetime,and approximately 10%of individuals develop PTSD after experiencing a *** important features of PTSD are intrusion or re-experiencing fear memories,pervasive sense of threat,active avoidance,hyperarousal symptoms,and negative alterations of cognition and *** with PTSD have high comorbidities with other psychiatric diseases,including major depressive disorder,generalized anxiety disorder,and substance use *** lines of evidence suggest that the pathophysiology of PTSD is complex,involving abnormal neural circuits,molecular mechanisms,and genetic mechanisms.A combination of both psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy is used to treat PTSD,but has limited efficacy in patients with refractory *** of the high prevalence,heavy burden,and limited treatments,PTSD is a psychiatric disorder that requires urgent *** this review,we summarize and discuss the diagnosis,prevalence,TEs,pathophysiology,and treatments of PTSD and draw attention to its prevention.

关键词： animal models comorbidity pathophysiology post-traumatic stress disorder traumatic events treatments