检索结果-南通市图书馆

Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2015年第1期33卷 222-232页

作者：李学刚宋金明袁华茂李宁段丽琴曲宝晓 institute of oceanography Chinese Academy of Sciences

The turbidity maximum zone(TMZ) is one of the most important regions in an ***,the high concentration of suspended material makes it difficult to measure the partial pressure of CO_2(pCO_2) in these ***,very little data is available on the pCO_2 levels in *** relatively accurately evaluate the CO_2 flux in an example estuary,we studied the TMZ and surrounding area in the Changjiang(Yangtze) River *** seasonal cruises during February,August,November 2010,and May 2012,the pCO_2 in the TMZ and surrounding area was calculated from pH and total alkalinity(TA)measured in situ,from which the CO_2 flux was ***,the TMZ and surrounding area acted as a source of atmosphere CO_2 in February and November,and as a sink in May and *** average FCO_2was-9,-16,5,and 5 mmol/(m^2·d) in May,August,November,and February,*** TMZ's role as a source or sink of atmosphere CO_2 was quite different to the outer *** the TMZ and surrounding area,suspended matter,phytoplankton,and pH were the main factors controlling the FCO_2,but here the influence of temperature,salinity,and total alkalinity on the FCO_2 was *** carbon decomposition in suspended matter was the main reason for the region acting as a CO_2 source in winter,and phytoplankton production was the main reason the region was a CO_2 sink in summer.

关键词： CO2 flux seasonal variability turbidity maximum zone Changjiang River estuary

Tropical Cyclone Monitoring and Analysis Techniques: A Review

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of meteorological Research 2024年第2期38卷 351-367页

作者： Chuanhai QIAN Ying LI Yinglong XU Xin WANG Zenghai ZHANG Gaozhen NIE Da LIU Shiwen ZHANG institute for Development and Programme Design China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 Chinese Academy of meteorological Sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 National meteorological Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 National Satellite meteorological Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

Tropical cyclones(TCs),including tropical depressions and different categories of typhoons,hurricanes,and cyclonic storms,mostly originate over the oceans in the absence of direct ***,detailed monitoring and analysis of TCs has always been an unsolved *** the recent 20 years,great changes have taken place in domestic and foreign TC monitoring techniques,imposing a significant impact on TC operations and *** new technologies and products gradually emerge to support operations,with improved monitoring *** this paper,the progress on TC monitoring and analysis via meteorological satellites,radars,and airplanes in China and the world is reviewed,compared,and summarized,with special focuses on multisatellite fusion observations,in situ aircraft measurements,and some unconventional observation equipment such as rockets,saildrones,and underwater *** this basis,the paper points out future directions for improving TC monitoring and analysis in aid of better TC forecast and early warning.

关键词： tropical cyclone(TC) monitoring and analysis meteorological satellite aircraft reconnaissance

Assessment of oxidative stress indices in a marine macro brown alga Padina tetrastromatica(Hauck) from comparable polluted coastal regions of the Arabian Sea,west coast of India

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第9期22卷 1413-1417页

作者： Dusmant Maharana Karmabeer Jena Navnath M.Pise Tanaji G.Jagtap Marine Environmental Laboratory Biological Oceanography DivisionNational Institute of Oceanography Dona Paula India

Oxidative stress and antioxidant defence systems were assessed in a marine brown alga Padina tetrastromatica, commonly occurring from the tropics. Lipid peroxidation （LPX） and H2O2 were measured as oxidative stress markers, and antioxidant defences were measured as catalase （CAT）, glutathione S-transferase （GST） and ascorbic acid （ASA）, in order to understand their dissimilarity with respect to pollution levels from selective locations along the central west coast of India. A significant increased levels of LPX, H2O2, CAT and GST were observed in samples from relatively polluted localities （Colaba and Karwar） when compared to less polluted locality （Anjuna）, while AsA concentration was higher in algal samples from worst polluted region of Colaba. Heavy metals such as Cd and Pb were also higher in the vicinity of polluted areas compared to reference area. Variation of oxidative stress indices in response to accumulation of heavy metals within P. tetrastromatica could be used as molecular biomarkers in assessment and monitoring environmental quality of ecologically sensitive marine habitats.

关键词： Padina tetrastromatica lipid peroxidation antioxidant biomarker monitoring

Modulation of Low-Latitude West Wind on Abnormal Track and Intensity of Tropical Cyclone Nargis (2008) in the Bay of Bengal

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2012年第2期29卷 407-421页

作者： LI Wei-Wei WANG Chunzai WANG Dongxiao YANG Lei DENG Yi State Key Laboratory of Tropical oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of ScienceGuangzhou 510301 NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic and meteorological Laboratory MiamiFloridaUSA

Tropical cyclone （TC） Nargis （2008） made landfall in Myanmar on 02 May 2008, bringing a storm surge, major flooding, and resulting in a significant death toll. TC Nargis （2008） displayed abnormal features, including rare eastward motion in its late stage, rapid intensification before landing. Using reanalysis data and a numerical model, we investigated how a low-latitude westerly wind modulated TC Nargis’ （2008） track and provided favorable atmospheric conditions for its rapid intensification. More importantly, we found a possible counterbalance effect of flows from the two hemispheres on the TC track in the Bay of Bengal. Our analysis indicates that a strong westerly wind burst across the Bay of Bengal, resulting in TC Nargis’ （2008） eastward movement after its recurvature. This sudden enhancement of westerly wind was mainly due to the rapidly intensified mid-level cross-equatorial flow. Our results show that a high-pressure system in the Southern Hemisphere induced this strong, mid-level, cross-equatorial flow. During the rapid intensification period of TC Nargis （2008）, this strong and broad westerly wind also transported a large amount of water vapor to TC Nargis （2008）. Sufficient water vapor gave rise to continuously high and increased mid-level relative humidity, which was favorable to TC Nargis’ （2008） intensification. Condensation of water vapor increased the energy supply, which eventuated the intensification of TC Nargis （2008） to a category 4 on the Saffir-Simpson scale.

关键词： TC Nargis (2008) tropical cyclone westerly wind cross-equatorial flow Bay of Bengal

Observational Facts Regarding the Joint Activities of the Southwest Vortex and Plateau Vortex after Its Departure from the Tibetan Plateau

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第1期33卷 34-46页

作者： Shuhua YU Wenliang GAO Dixiang XIAO Jun PENG institute of Plateau Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationChengdu 610072 Ya'an meteorological Bureau Ya'an 625000 Sichuan meteorological Observatory Chengdu 610072

Using atmospheric observational data from 1998 to 2013,station rainfall data,TRMM（Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission） data,as well as annual statistics for the plateau vortex and shear line,the joint activity features of sustained departure plateau vortexes（SDPVs） and southwest vortexes（SWVs） are *** new and useful observational facts and understanding are obtained about the joint activities of the two types of *** results show that：（1） The joint active period of the two vortexes is from May to August,and mostly in June and July.（2） The SDPVs of the partnership mainly originate near Zaduo,while the SWVs come from Jiulong.（3） Most of the two vortexes move in almost the same direction,moving eastward together with the low *** SDPVs mainly act in the area to the north of the Yangtze River,while the SWVs are situated across the Yangtze River valley.（4） The joint activity of the two vortexes often produces sustained regional heavy rainfall to the south of the Yellow River,influencing wide areas of China,and even as far as the Korean Peninsula,Japan and Vietnam.（5） Most of the two vortexes are baroclinic or cold vortexes,and they both become strengthened in terms of their joint activity.（6） When the two vortexes move over the sea,their central pressure descends and their rainfall increases,especially for SWVs.（7） The two vortexes might spin over the same area simultaneously when there are tropical cyclones in the eastern and southern seas of China,or move southward together if a tropical cyclone appears near Hainan Island.

关键词： plateau vortex southwest vortex observational study

ANALYSIS ON EFFECT OF SOUTH ASIA HIGH ON MID-SUMMER EXTREME DROUGHT AND FLOOD IN SICHUAN-CHONGQING REGION

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2014年第2期20卷 163-172页

作者：陈永仁李跃清齐冬梅 institute of Plateau Meteorology China Meteorological Administration Sichuan Provincial meteorological Observatory

NCEP/NCAR data are utilized to analyze an extreme flood year(1998) and an extreme dry year(2006) in the Sichuan-Chongqing region(SCR) and the results are as follows. The positive divergence of South Asia High(SAH) is stronger in the flood year; the position of the ridge line of SAH is southward compared with the annual average; Western Pacific Subtropical High(WPSH) extends westward and its ridge line is southward. In the drought year, the positive divergence of SAH is weaker, its ridge line is northward, and the position of WPSH is also northward. As shown in the dynamics, in drought(flood) years, negative(positive) vorticity advection in the upper atmosphere can cause the atmosphere to ascend(descend), and anomalous circulation of SAH displays divergence(convergence), and anomalous circulation of the lower atmosphere shows convergence(divergence). Thermal structure of the atmosphere shows that there is warm(cold) temperature advection in the lower atmosphere, and the vertical distribution of diabetic heating causes SAH's local circulation to display convergence(divergence) and affects vertical motion of the lower atmosphere circulation eventually. To some extent, the two extreme years in the SCR is closely related to the vertical motion of atmosphere circulation and the variation of such vertical motion is caused by differences of interactions between SAH and lower atmosphere circulations.

关键词： Sichuan-Chongqing region South Asia High(SAH) characteristics of drought and flood anomalous circulation

Uncertainty in Tropical Cyclone Intensity Predictions due to Uncertainty in Initial Conditions

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第3期37卷 278-290页

作者： Chenxi WANG Zhihua ZENG Ming YING Shanghai Typhoon institute China meteorological Administration

Focusing on the role of initial condition uncertainty,we use WRF initial perturbation ensemble forecasts to investigate the uncertainty in intensity forecasts of Tropical Cyclone(TC)Rammasun(1409),which is the strongest TC to have made landfall in China during the past 50 *** results indicate that initial condition uncertainty leads to TC forecast uncertainty,particularly for TC *** uncertainty increases with forecast time,with a more rapid and significant increase after 24 *** predicted TC develops slowly before 24 h,and at this stage the TC in the member forecasting the strongest final TC is not the strongest among all ***,after 24 h,the TC in this member strengthens much more than that the TC in other *** variations in convective instability,precipitation,surface upward heat flux,and surface upward water vapor flux show similar characteristics to the variation in TC intensity,and there is a strong correlation between TC intensity and both the surface upward heat flux and the surface upward water vapor *** initial condition differences that result in the maximum intensity difference are smaller than the errors in the analysis *** in initial humidity,and to a lesser extent initial temperature differences,at the surface and at lower heights are the key factors leading to differences in the forecasted TC *** differences in initial humidity and temperature relate to both the overall values and distribution of these parameters.

关键词： uncertainty tropical cyclone intensity initial conditions

Character of Convective Systems Producing Short-Term Heavy Precipitation in Central China Revealed by Kilometer and Minute Interval Observations

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of meteorological Research 2024年第3期38卷 530-541页

作者： Zitong CHEN Yunying LI Zhiwei ZHANG Jing SUN Chengzhi YE Anyuan XIONG College of Meteorology and oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China High Impact Weather Key Laboratory of China meteorological Administration Changsha410073China Unit No.92192 of Chinese People’s Liberation Army Ningbo315000China Hubei Key Research Laboratory for Heavy Rain Monitoring and Warning Institute of Heavy RainChina Meteorological AdministrationWuhan430223China institute of meteorological Sciences of Hunan Province Hunan Meteorological BureauChangsha410118China National meteorological Information Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China

Accurate forecasting of heavy precipitation in central China is still a challenge,within which a key issue is our still incomplete understanding of the convective systems(CSs)responsible for such *** this study,through use of an iterative rain-cell tracking algorithm,the macroscale characteristics(scale,intensity,duration,etc.)of the CSs that produced 595 short-term heavy precipitation events in Hunan Province,central China,are quantitatively analyzed,based on radar reflectivity,echo top,and rainfall observations at 1-km and 6-min intervals in April-September of *** results show that CSs present significant seasonal and diurnal *** CSs usually cover a larger echo area with stronger convective cores and thus generate more precipitation than summer CSs,though summer CSs develop more vigorously and *** initiated at 1400-1600 local time are characterized by the strongest convection and a smaller spatiotemporal scale,causing violent and transient showers with typical areal precipitation of 0.5-1 mm km^(−2),but less total *** analyses of the relationships among the scale,intensity,duration,and total precipitation of CSs reveal that the convective intensity is linearly correlated to the spatiotemporal scale of CSs,with the duration increasing on average by 0.0372 h dBZ^(−1);the echo area is significantly correlated to the total precipitation,and the duration and rainfall amount are connected with the area expansion rate(AER)of CSs:when the AER exceeds 50%,CSs expand rapidly with increasing total precipitation,but the duration is *** findings provide a helpful reference for the forecasting of short-term heavy precipitation induced by CSs in central China.

关键词： convective system radar reflectivity factor total precipitation iterative rain-cell tracking

Convective Asymmetries Associated with Tropical Cyclone Landfall: β-Plane Simulations

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2010年第4期27卷 795-806页

作者：黄伟梁旭东 Shanghai Typhoon institute China Meteorological Administration

The physical processes associated with changes in the convective structure of an idealized tropical cyclone （TC） during landfall on a beta-plane were studied using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University- National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model, version 3 （MM5）. The simulation results suggested that the suppression of moisture supply and increased friction acted to enhance the convection from the left and front quadrants of the TC to the front and right of the TC during different periods of landfall. When surface moisture flux was turned off, convection in other parts of the quadrant was clearly suppressed and the total rainfall was reduced. When surface friction was increased, precipitation showed a marked increase after the TC made landfall. Wetter air at low and intermediate levels, and drier air at high levels around the onshore side of the coastline led to a high value of convective available potential energy （CAPE）. Consequently, convection was enhanced immediately downstream of this area when the surface moisture flux was cut off. When surface friction was increased, the physical process was similar prior to landfall. After landfall, increased convergence at the onshore side of the land resulted in enhanced convection in front of the TC. Consistent with previous findings, our results suggest that during landfall the TC structure changes from one of thermodynamic symmetry to asymmetry due to differential moisture flux between the land and sea surface. The asymmetry of the thermodynamic structure, which can be explained by the distribution of CAPE, causes an asymmetric rainfall structure.

关键词： tropical cyclone landfall convective asymmetry

Distribution of growth hormone-like immunoreactive cells and somatostatin receptors in the nervous system and Hatschek's pit of amphioxus, Branchiostoma belcheri

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第4期16卷 359-365页

作者： FANG Yongqiang and WENG Youzhu Third institute of oceanography, SOA, Xiamen 361005, China [a]Third institute of oceanography Xiamen China

Using immunohistochemical method and double staining technique, the localization of growth hormone (GH) and somatostatin receptors in the nervous system and Hatschek’s pit of amphioxus has been investigated. The results showed that the growth hormone-like nerve cells and endocrine cells as well as three subtypes of somatostatin receptors exist in the nervous system and Hatschek s pit, and GH-like nerve cells and endocrine cells co-exist with three subtypes of somatostatin receptors in the brain vesicle and Hatschek s pit. It is suggested that a primitive control system of inhibitory growth hormone secretion in Hatschek s pit could have been developed in amphioxus, as in vertebrates. The present study provides new evidence for the endocrinology and the evolution of Hatschek’s pit.

关键词： amphioxus nervous system Hatschek’s pit growth hormone-like cell somatostatin receptor.