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Thermal stability improvement and microstructure optimization of high cobalt content Nd-Fe-B magnets via terbium grain boundary diffusion

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1531-1538,I0004页

作者： Jiyuan Xu Ruiyang Meng Jing Liu Jiateng Zhang Rui Han Yikun Fang Shengzhi Dong Wei Li Division of Functional Materials research Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing100081China

The substitution of Fe by Co in the 2:14:1 phase is an effective method to increase the Curie temperature and enhance the thermal stability of the Nd-Fe-B ***,the accumulation of Co ele ment at the grain boundaries(GBs) changes the GBs from nonmagnetic to ferromagnetic and causes the thinlayer GBs to become rare,In this paper,the method of diffusing Tb element was chosen to improve the microstructure and temperature stability of high-Co *** original sintered Nd_(28.5)Dy_(3)-CO_(x)e_(bal)M_(0.6)B_(i)(x=0,6 wt%,12 wt%;M = Cu,Al,Zr) magnets with different Co contents were diffused with Tb by grain boundary diffusion(GBD).After GBD,high-Co magnets exhibit more continuously distributed thin-layer GBs,and their thermal stability is significantly *** high-Co magnets(x=6 wt%),the absolute value of the temperature coefficient of coercivity decreases from 0.603%/K to0.508%/K in the temperature range of 293-413 K,that of remanence decreases from 0.099%/K to 0.091%/K,and the coercivity increases from 18.44 to 25.04 *** electron microscopy(TEM)characterization reveals that there are both the 1:2 phase and the amorphous phase in the high-Co magnet before and after GBD,EDS elemental analysis shows that Tb element is more likely to preferentially replace the rare earth elements in the 2:14:1 main phase than in the 1:2 phase and the amorphous *** concentration of Tb at the edge of the main phase is much higher than that in the 1:2phase and amorphous phase,which is beneficial to the improvement of the *** preferential replacement of Tb elements at the edge of the 2:14:1 phase and thin-layer GBs with a more continuous distribution are synergistically responsible for improving the thermal stability of high-Co *** study indicates that GBD is an effective method to improve the microstructure and thermal stability of high-Co magnets.

关键词： Nd-Fe-B magnets Coercivity Grain boundary diffusion Thermal stability Micro structure Rare earths

Incorporating physiological knowledge into correlative species distribution models minimizes bias introduced by the choice of calibration area

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marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 349-362页

作者： Zhixin Zhang Jinxin Zhou Jorge García Molinos Stefano Mammola Ákos Bede‑Fazekas Xiao Feng Daisuke Kitazawa Jorge Assis Tianlong Qiu Qiang Lin CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical marine Bio-resources and Ecology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied marine Biology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China marine Biodiversity and Ecological Evolution research Center South China Sea Institute of OceanologyGuangzhou 510301China Global Ocean and climate research Center South China Sea Institute of OceanologyGuangzhou 510301China institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo5-1-5 KashiwanohaKashiwaChiba 277-8574Japan Arctic research Center Hokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaido 001-0021Japan Finnish Museum of Natural History University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland Molecular Ecology Group(MEG) Water Research Institute(IRSA)National Research Council of Italy(CNR)28922 Verbania PallanzaItaly National Biodiversity Future Center(NBFC) PalermoItaly institute of Ecology and Botany HUN-REN Centre for Ecological ResearchVácrátótHungary Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography ELTE Eötvös Loránd UniversityBudapestHungary Department of Biology University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599USA centre of marine Sciences University of AlgarveCampus de GambelasFaroPortugal CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental marine Biology Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Correlative species distribution models(SDMs)are important tools to estimate species’geographic distribution across space and time,but their reliability heavily relies on the availability and quality of occurrence *** can be biased when occurrences do not fully represent the environmental requirement of a *** tested to what extent species’physiological knowledge might influence SDM *** on the Japanese sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus within the coastal ocean of East Asia,we compiled a comprehensive dataset of occurrence *** then explored the importance of incorporating physiological knowledge into SDMs by calibrating two types of correlative SDMs:a naïve model that solely depends on environmental correlates,and a physiologically informed model that further incorporates physiological information as *** further tested the models’sensitivity to calibration area choices by fitting them with different buffered areas around known *** with naïve models,the physiologically informed models successfully captured the negative influence of high temperature on *** and were less sensitive to the choice of calibration *** naïve models resulted in more optimistic prediction of the changes of potential distributions under climate change(i.e.,larger range expansion and less contraction)than the physiologically informed *** findings highlight benefits from incorporating physiological information into correlative SDMs,namely mitigating the uncertainties associated with the choice of calibration *** these promising features,we encourage future SDM studies to consider species physi-ological information where available.

关键词： Bayesian approach climate change Habitat suitability Physiological knowledge Species distribution model

Application of a simplified ADM1 for full-scale anaerobic co-digestion of cattle slurry and grass silage:assessment of input variability

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 125-139页

作者： Sofia Tisocco Sören Weinrich Gary Lyons Michael Wills Xinmin Zhan Paul Crosson Civil Engineering College of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland Teagasc Animal and Bioscience research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreDunsanyC15 PW93Ireland Biochemical Conversion Department Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbHLeipzig 04347Germany Faculty of Energy·Building Services·Environmental Engineering Münster University of Applied SciencesSteinfurt 48565Germany Agri-Food and Biosciences institute HillsboroughBT266DRUK Ryan institute University of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland MaREI research centre for Energy Climate and MarineRyan InstituteUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland

Mathematical modeling of anaerobic digestion is a powerful tool to predict gas yields and optimize the *** Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1(ADM1)is a widely implemented model for this ***,modeling full-scale biogas plants is challenging due to the extensive substrate and parameter characterization *** study describes the modification of the ADM1 through a simplification of individual process phases,characteristic components and required ***,the ability of the simplified model to simulate the co-digestion of grass silage and cattle slurry was evaluated using data from a full-scale biogas *** impacts of substrate composition(crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration)and variability of carbohydrate degradability on simulation results were assessed to identify the most influential *** indicated that the simplified version was able to depict biogas and biomethane production with average model efficiencies,according to the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency(NSE)coefficient,of 0.70 and 0.67,respectively,and was comparable to the original ADM1(average model efficiencies of 0.71 and 0.63,respectively).The variability of crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration did not significantly impact biogas and biomethane output for the data sets *** contrast,carbohydrate degradability seemed to explain much more of the variability in the biogas and methane ***,the application of simplified models provides a reliable basis for the process simulation and optimization of full-scale agricultural biogas plants.

关键词： ADM1 Agricultural feedstocks Biogas technology Input variability Parameter estimation

Porous Indium Nanocrystals on Conductive Carbon Nanotube Networks for High-Performance CO2-to-Formate Electrocatalytic Conversion

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 413-421页

作者： Liangping Xiao Rusen Zhou Tianqi Zhang Xiaoxiang Wang Renwu Zhou Patrick J.Cullen Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov Department of Physics Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Jiujiang Research Institute Xiamen University School of Chemistry and Physics QUT Centre for Materials Science and QUT Centre for a Waste-Free World Queensland University of Technology(QUT) School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Sydney

Ever-increasing emissions of anthropogenic carbon dioxide （CO2） cause global environmental and climate *** by biological photosynthesis,developing effective strategies NeuNlto up-cycle CO2into high-value organics is *** CO2reduction reaction （CO2RR） is highly promising to convert CO2into economically viable carbon-based chemicals or fuels under mild process conditions.

关键词： CO2RR conductive network electrocatalysts formate

Optimal search path planning of UUV in battlefeld ambush scene

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 541-552页

作者： Wei Feng Yan Ma Heng Li Haixiao Liu Xiangyao Meng Mo Zhou Naval research institute Beijing100161China

Aiming at the practical application of Unmanned Underwater Vehicle(UUV)in underwater combat,this paper proposes a battlefield ambush scene with UUV considering ocean ***,by establishing these mathematical models of ocean current environment,target movement,and sonar detection,the probability calculation methods of single UUV searching target and multiple UUV cooperatively searching target are given ***,based on the Hybrid Quantum-behaved Particle Swarm Optimization(HQPSO)algorithm,the path with the highest target search probability is ***,through simulation calculations,the influence of different UUV parameters and target parameters on the target search probability is analyzed,and the minimum number of UUVs that need to be deployed to complete the ambush task is demonstrated,and the optimal search path scheme is *** method proposed in this paper provides a theoretical basis for the practical application of UUV in the future combat.

关键词： Battlefield ambush Optimal search path planning UUV path Planning Probability of cooperative search

Small mammal community composition impacts bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) population dynamics and associated seroprevalence of Puumala orthohantavirus

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 52-65页

作者： Felicitas Maria BUJNOCH Daniela REIL Stephan DREWES Ulrike MROSENFELD Rainer G.ULRICH Jens JACOB Christian IMHOLT Julius Kühn-institute Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsInstitute for Epidemiology and Pathogen DiagnosticsRodent ResearchMünsterGermany University of Münster Institute for Evolution and BiodiversityMünsterGermany Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut Federal Research Institute for Animal HealthInstitute of Novel and Emerging Infectious DiseasesGreifswald-Insel RiemsGermany

Rodents are important reservoirs for zoonotic pathogens that cause diseases in *** is hypoth-esized to be closely related to pathogen prevalence through multiple direct and indirect *** example,the presence of non-host species can reduce contact rates of the main reservoir host and thus reduce the risk of transmission(“dilution effect”).In addition,an overlap in ecological niches between two species could lead to increased interspecific competition,potentially limiting host densities and reducing density-dependent pathogen transmission *** this study,we investigated the relative impact of population-level regulation of direct and indirect drivers of the prevalence of Puumala orthohantavirus(PUUV)in bank voles(Clethrionomys glareolus)during years with high *** compiled data on small mammal community composition from four regions in Germany between 2010 and *** equation modeling revealed a strong seasonality in PUUV control mechanisms in bank *** abundance of shrews tended to have a negative relationship with host abundance,and host abundance positively influenced PUUV seroprevalence,while at the same time increasing the abundance of competing non-hosts like the wood mouse(Apodemus sylvaticus)and the yellow-neckedfield mouse(Apodemusflavicollis)were associated with reduced PUUV seroprevalence in the *** results indicate that for PUUV in bank voles,dilution is associated with increased interspecific *** pressures leading to the decline of Apodemus *** a specific habitat could lead to the amplification of mechanisms promoting PUUV transmission within the host populations.

关键词： bank vole biodiversity Puumala orthohantavirus small mammals

Sodium nitroprusside as a signal molecule for up-regulating membrane characteristics,antioxidant defense system to improve flax productivity under water stress

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第3期9卷 160-169页

作者： N.M.Al-Ashkar B.A.Bakry H.M.S.El-Bassiouny M.M.S.Abdallah M.S.Sadak Botany Department Agricultural and Biological Research InstituteNational Research Centre33 El Bohouth Street P.O.12622DokkiGizaEgypt Field Crops research Department Agricultural and Biological Research InstituteNational Research Centre33 El Bohouth Street P.O.12622DokkiGizaEgypt

Water stress is a critical environmental adversity that significantly impacts the growth,development,and yield of flax *** this study,flax seeds were cultivated under different water irrigation requirements(WIR)(100%,75%,and 50%)to investigate the effects of exogenously supplied nitric oxide(NO)donor sodium nitroprusside(SNP)as foliar treatments at concentrations of 0.0 mmol/L,0.5 mmol/L,1.0 mmol/L,and 2.0 mmol/*** stress led to a significant decrease in plant growth,photosynthetic pigments,yield components such as oil and total carbohydrate *** also resulted in an increase in leaf H2O2 production,lipid peroxidation levels and activities of enzymatic antioxidants including polyphenol oxidase,superoxide dismutase,and nitrate reductase ***,foliar application of SNP improved photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant defense system which mitigated the negative impact of water stress on growth and yield productivity by reducing oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species *** use of SNP also decreased H_(2)O_(2) accumulation levels,lipid peroxidation levels,and improved membrane *** treatment at concentration of 2 mmol/L showed superior results compared to other concentrations with extremely significant increases observed in yield characteristics such as oil content,total carbohydrate percentages,and unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids ratio.

关键词： Flax Fatty acid Sodium nitroprusside Antioxidant enzymes Yield

Anti-obesity effects of fucoidan from Sargassum thunbergii in adipocytes and high fat diet induced obese mice through inhibiting adipogenic specific transcription factor

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1608-1616页

作者： Hyo-Geun Lee H.H.A.C.K.Jayawardhana Fengqi Yang D.P.Nagahawaththa N.M.Liyanage Kyung-Mo Song Yun-Sang Choi Seung-Hong Lee You-Jin Jeon Min-Cheol Kang Department of marine Life Sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea marine Science institute Jeju National UniversityJeju 63333Republic of Korea research Group of Food Processing Korea Food Research InstituteWanju 55365Republic of Korea Department of Pharmoceutical Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan 31538Republic of Korea

The prevalence of obesity has increased and is a health concern *** to the concerns regarding synthetic anti-obesity treatments,nowadays natural products become a *** studies proved that there is a potential to use marine algae as anti-obesity ***,in this study,the lipid inhibitory effect of crude polysaccharide of amyloglucosidase-assisted hydrolysate from Sargassum thunbergii(STAC)and its fucoidan fractions(STAFs)on 3T3-L1 cells and high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obese mice were *** to the results,the STAF3,showed the highest xylose content and exhibited significant inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation by downregulating adipogenic and lipogenic proteins in 3T3-L1 ***,oral supplementation with STAC significantly declined gain in body weight and fat weight,and serum lipid contents in an HFD-induced obesity mouse *** and chemical characterizations demonstrated that puritied STAF3 has consistent surface morphology and small particle size,with similar structural characteristics as commercial ***,these results indicate that STAC and purified STAF3 from Sargassum thunbergia is a potent source to develop as ananti-obesity agents or functional food products to counter obesity.

关键词： Sargassum thunbergii Fucoidan Anti-obesity Anti-steatosis

Increased glacier melt enhances future extreme floods in the southern Tibetan Plateau

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Advances in climate Change research 2024年第3期15卷 431-441页

作者： He SUN Tan-Dong YAO Feng-Ge SU Tinghai Ou Zhihua HE Guoqiang TANG Deliang CHEN State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Regional climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden centre for Hydrology University of SaskatchewanSaskatoon S7N 1K2Canada climate and Global Dynamics National Center for Atmospheric ResearchBoulder CO 80307USA

Mountainous areas are of special hydrological concern because topography and atmospheric conditions can result in large and sudden floods,posing serious risks to water-related safety in neighbouring *** Yarlung Zangbo(YZ)River basin is the largest river basin on the Tibetan Plateau(TP),but how floods will discharge in this basin and how the role of glacier melt in floods will change throughout the 21st-century under shared socioeconomic pathways scenarios(SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5)remain ***,we comprehensively address this scientific question based on a well-validated large-scale glacier-hydrology *** results indicate that extreme floods was projected to increase in the YZ basin,and was mainly reflected in increased duration(4–10 d per decade)and intensity(153–985 m^(3)s^(−1)per decade).Glacier runoff was projected to increase(2–30 mm per decade)throughout the 21st-century,but there was also a noticeable decrease or deceleration in glacier runoff growth in the late first half of the century under the SSP2-4.5,and in the latter half of the century under the *** melt was projected to enhance the duration(12%–23%)and intensity(15%–21%)of extreme floods under both SSPs,which would aggravate the impact of future floods on the socioeconomics of the YZ *** effect was gradually overwhelmed by precipitation-induced floods from glacier areas to YZ *** study takes the YZ basin as a projection framework example to help enrich the understanding of future flood hazards in basins affected by rainfall-or meltwater across the TP,and to help policy-makers and water managers develop future plans.

关键词： floods glacier Tibetan