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Influences and drivers of woody debris movement in urban watercourses

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2014年第8期57卷 1512-1521页

作者： ALLEN Deonie ARTHUR Scott HAYNES Heather WALLIS Stephen G WALLERSTEIN Nicholas institute for infrastructure and environment Heriot-Watt University

It is recognised that the blockage of culverts by woody debris can result in an increased risk of infrastructure damage and *** date,debris transport analysis has focused on regional fluvial systems and large woody debris,both in flume and field *** the social and economic risk associated with urban flooding,and as urban drainage design shifts away from subsurface piped network reliance,there is an increasing need to understand debris movement in urban *** prediction of urban watercourse small woody debris(SWD)movement,both quantity and risk,has undergone only limited analysis predominantly due to lack of field *** paper describes the development of a methodology to enable the collection of accurate and meaningful SWD residency and transportation data from *** presented research examines the limitations and effective function of PIT tag technology to collect SWD transport data in the field appropriate for risk and prediction *** integrated transponder(PIT)technology provides a method to collect debris transport data within the urban *** this study,the tags are installed within small woody debris and released at known locations into a small urban natural watercourse enabling monitoring of movement and travel *** velocity and detention are collated with solute time of travel,watercourse and point flow characteristics to identify the relationships between these key *** work presented tests three hypotheses:firstly,that the potential for unobstructed or un-detained SWD movement increases with flow velocity and water ***,that SWD travel distance,and the resistance forces along this travel path,influence SWD transport ***,the relationship between SWD and channel dimensions is examined with the aim of advancing representative debris transport prediction modelling.

关键词： woody debris transport prediction urban flood risk blockage solute dye tracing

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Transient receptor potential channels and calcium dysregulation: a pathogenic duo in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 808-810页

作者： Iqira Saeed Linlin Ma Griffith institute for Drug Discovery Griffith UniversityNathanBrisbaneQLDAustralia School of environment and Science Griffith University NathanBrisbaneQLDAustralia

Parkinson's disease(PD) has a complex and multifactorial pathophysiology. Various studies, conducted both in pre-clinical models and PD patients, have reported a link between the disruption of calcium(Ca^(2+)) homeostasis and the subsequent development of PD. Ca^(2+) regulation is crucial for neuronal survival, differentiation,exocytosis at synapses,gene transcription,and proliferation.

关键词： homeostasis clinical subsequent

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A study of influence of gravity on bulk behaviour of particulate solid

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Particuology 2008年第6期6卷 467-474页

作者： Yun-Chi Chung Jin Yeam Ooi Department of Civil and environmental Engineering Nanya Institute of Technology institute for infrastructure & environment School of Engineering & Electronics University of Edinburgh

This paper examines the influence of gravity on the bulk responses of a granular solid. The loading scenarios in this study include confined compression, rod penetration into a granular medium and discharging through an orifice. Similar loading and flow conditions are likely to be encountered in the stress and deformation regimes that regoliths are subjected to in extraterrestrial exploration activities including in situ resource utilisation processes. Both spherical and non-spherical particles were studied using the discrete element method （DEM）. Whilst DEM is increasingly used to model granular solids, careful validations of the simulation outcomes are rather rare. Thus in addition to exploring the effect of gravity, this paper also compares DEM simulations with experiments under terrestrial condition to verify whether DEM can produce satisfactory predictions. The terrestrial experiments were conducted with great care and simulated closely using DEM. The key mechanical and geometrical properties for the particles were measured in laboratory tests for use in the DEM simulations. A series of DEM computations were then performed under reduced gravity to simulate these experiments under extraterrestrial environment. It was found that gravity has no noticeable effect on the force transmission in the confined compression case; the loading gradient in the rod penetration is linearly proportional to the gravity; the mass flow rate in silo discharge is proportional to square root of the gravity and the angle of repose increases with reducing gravity. These findings are in agreement with expectation and existing scientific evidence.

关键词： Extraterrestrial Particulate assembly Confined compression Rod penetration Silo discharge Discrete element method Gravity effect

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Coupled flood and sediment transport modelling with adaptive mesh refinement

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2015年第8期58卷 1425-1438页

作者： HUANG Wei CAO ZhiXian PENDER Gareth LIU QingQuan CARLING Paul State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University institute for infrastructure and environment Heriot-Watt University institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Geography & environment University of Southampton

Coupled flood and sediment transport modelling in large-scale domains has for long been hindered by the high computational *** mesh refinement is one of the viable ways to solving this problem without degrading the *** goal can be accomplished through mesh adaptation,e.g.,mesh coarsening and refining based on the dynamic regime of the flow and sediment transport along with bed ***,previous studies in this regard have been limited to cases either without involving sediment transport or featuring flow-sediment-bed decoupling and the assumption of sediment transport capacity,which are not generally ***,a coupled hydrodynamic and non-capacity sediment transport model is developed on adaptive non-uniform rectangular *** proposed model is validated against experimental tests and numerical results based on the fixed *** is demonstrated that the proposed model can properly capture shock waves,resolve the wetting/drying transition and reproduce morphological *** with models based on the fixed meshes,the proposed model features great advantage in computational efficiency and holds promise for wide applications.

关键词： shallow water flow sediment transport adaptive mesh

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Classification of different sustainable flood retention basin types

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2010年第6期22卷 898-903页

作者： Michelle Robinson Miklas Scholz Nicolas Bastien Jennifer Carfrae Scottish Agricultural College Peter Wilson Building institute for infrastructure and environment School of EngineeringThe University of EdinburghWilliam Rankine Building School of Built environment Heriot-Watt University

Using a revised version of a previously published expert classification system, a database of potential Sustainable Flood Retention Basins has been developed for Scotland. The research shows that the majority of small and former （often old） drinking water reservoirs are kept full and their spillways are continuously in operation. Utilising some of the available capacity to contribute to flood control could significantly reduce the costs of complying with the European Union Flood Directive. Furthermore, the application of a previously developed classification model for Baden in Germany for the Scottish data set showed a lower diversity for basins in Scotland due to less developed infrastructure. The classification system appears to be robust and has the potential, with minor modifications, to be applied across Europe. The principle value of this approach is a clear and unambiguous categorisation, based on standard variables, which can help to promote communication and understanding between stakeholders.

关键词： classification system diffuse pollution control principal component analysis runoff control sustainable flood retention basin

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Application of polyurethane geocomposites to help maintain track geometry for high-speed ballasted railway tracks

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2012年第11期13卷 836-849页

作者： Peter Keith WOODWARD Abdellah EL KACIMI Omar LAGHROUCHE Gabriela MEDERO Meysam BANIMAHD institute for infrastructure and environment School of the Built EnvironmentHeriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghEH14 4ASUK

There are many issues surrounding the performance of critical assets on high-speed ballasted railway *** assets like switch & crossings and bridge transitions high track forces can be produced resulting in higher ballast settlements and hence track *** latter result in higher track forces and hence more settlement,leading to the need for increased track maintenance to ensure comfort and *** technologies for solving issues like ballast movement under high-speed loading regimes are ***,a technique that has been well used across the UK and now increasingly overseas to stabilise and reinforce ballasted railway tracks is the application of in-situ polyurethane polymers,termed *** paper discusses how this technique can be used to solve these types of long-standing issues and presents actual polymer application profiles at two typical critical sites,namely a junction and a transition onto concrete slab-track.

关键词： Railways Polyurethanes Geocomposites Modelling High-speed

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Numerical modelling of riverbed grain size stratigraphic evolution

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2014年第3期29卷 329-343页

作者： Peng HU Zhi-xian CAO Gareth PENDER Huai-han LIU Ocean College Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University institute for infrastructure and environment Heriot-Watt University institute for infrastructure and environment Heriot-Watt University State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University Yangtze Waterway Planning Design and Research Institute

For several decades,quantification of riverbed grain size stratigraphic evolution has been based upon the active layer formulation(ALF),which unfortunately involves considerable *** it is the sediment exchange across the bed surface that directly affects the riverbed stratigraphy,it has been assumed in the ALF that the sediment fraction at the lower interface of the active layer is a linear function of the sediment fraction in the *** it is proposed that the sediment fraction of the sediment exchange flux is used directly in estimating the sediment fraction at the lower surface of the active *** with the size-specific mass conservation for riverbed sediment,the modified approach is referred to as the surface-based formulation(SBF).When incorporated into a coupled non-capacity modelling framework for fluvial processes,the SBF leads to results that agree as well or better than those using ALF with laboratory and field *** is illustrated for typical cases featuring bed aggradation and degradation due to graded bed-load sediment *** experiments on graded sediment transport by unsteady flows are warranted for further testing the modified formulation.

关键词： Bedload Riverbed grain size stratigraphy Active layer formulation Surface-based formulation Numerical modelling

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Two-dimensional physical habitat modeling of effects of habitat structures on urban stream restoration

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Water Science and Engineering 2011年第4期4卷 386-395页

作者： Dongkyun IM Hyeongsik KANG Water infrastructure Division Samsung C & T Corporation Seoul 1321-20 Korea Division of Water and environment Korea Environment Institute Seoul 122-706 Korea

River corridors, even if highly modified or degraded, still provide important habitats for numerous biological species, and carry high aesthetic and economic values. One of the keys to urban stream restoration is recovery and maintenance of ecological flows sufficient to sustain aquatic ecosystems. In this study, the Hongje Stream in the Seoul metropolitan area of Korea was selected for evaluating a physically-based habitat with and without habitat structures. The potential value of the aquatic habitat was evaluated by a weighted usable area （WUA） using River2D, a two-dimensional hydraulic model. The habitat suitability for Zacco platypus in the Hongje Stream was simulated with and without habitat structures. The computed WUA values for the boulder, spur dike, and riffle increased by about 2%, 7%, and 131%, respectively, after their construction. Also, the three habitat structures, especially the riffle, can contribute to increasing hydraulic heterogeneity and enhancing habitat diversity.

关键词： stream restoration physical habitat River2D weighted usable area

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Assessment of robustness of structures:Current state of research

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013年第4期7卷 356-368页

作者： Colin BRETT Yong LU institute for infrastructure and environment School of Engineeringthe University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH89YLUK

The concept of structural robustness and relevant design guidelines have been in existence in the progressive collapse literature since the 1970s following the partial collapse of the Ronan Point apartment building;however,in the more general context,research on the evaluation and enhancement of structural robustness is still relatively *** paper is aimed to provide a general overview of the current state of research concerning structural *** focus is placed on the quantification and the associated evaluation methodologies,rather than specific measures to ensure prescriptive robustness *** associated concepts,such as redundancy and vulnerability,will be discussed and interpreted in the general context of robustness such that the corresponding methodologies can be compared quantitatively using a comparable scale.A framework methodology proposed by the authors is also introduced in line with the discussion of the literature.

关键词： structural robustness abnormal exposure vulnerability collapse consequence

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Fatigue Property of Basalt Fiber-Modified Asphalt Mixture under Complicated environment

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2014年第5期29卷 996-1004页

作者：郑元勋 CAI Yingchun ZHANG Guanghai FANG Hongyuan College of Water Conservancy and environment Zhengzhou University The Faculty of infrastructure Engineering Dalian University of Technology

The fatigue property of asphalt mixtures under complicated environment （low-temperature bending performance, chloride penetration, freezing-thawing cycle and their coupling effect） and the improvement effect for relevant property of basalt fiber-reinforcing asphalt mixture under complicated environment are studied. Two grading types of asphalt mixtures, AC-16I and AC-13I, are chosen, whose optimum asphalt-aggregate ratio and optimum dosage of basalt fiber are determined by the Marshall test. The standard specimens are made firstly, and then the low temperature bending tests of asphalt mixture and basalt fiber-reinforced asphalt mixture under the coupling effect of the chloride erosion and freezing-thawing cycle have been carried out. Finally, the fatigue property tests of asphalt mixture and basalt fiber-reinforced asphalt mixture under complex environment are performed on MTS material testing system. The results indicate that the tensile strength, the maximum curving tensile stress, the curving stiffness modulus, and fatigue properties of asphalt mixture are influenced by the coupling effect of the chloride erosion and freezing-thawing cycle. The low-temperature bending performance and fatigue property of asphalt mixtures under complicated environment can be greatly improved by adding moderate basalt fiber. The dense gradation asphalt mixture possesses stronger ability to resist adverse environmental effects under the same condition.

关键词： asphalt mixture basalt fiber the chloride erosion freezing-thawing cycle the coupling effect low-temperature performance fatigue property

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