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Emerging roles of microRNAs as diagnostics and potential therapeutic interest in type 2 diabetes mellitus

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第3期12卷 525-537页

作者： Dharmsheel Shrivastav Desh Deepak Singh Amity institute of Biotechnology Amity University RajasthanJaipur 303002India

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a metabolic disease of impaired glucose *** high sugar levels lead to advanced glycation end products(AGEs),which affects several metabolic pathways by its receptor of advanced glycation end products(RAGE)and causes diabetic *** are small RNA molecules which regulate genes linked to diabetes and affect AGEs pathogenesis,and target tissues,influencing health and disease *** To explore miRNA roles in T2DM's metabolic pathways for potential therapeutic and diagnostic advancements in diabetes *** We systematically searched the electronic database PubMed using *** included free,full-length research articles that evaluate the role of miRNAs in T2DM and its complications,focusing on genetic and molecular disease *** assessing the full-length papers of the shortlisted articles,we included 12 research *** Several types of miRNAs are linked in metabolic pathways which are affected by AGE/RAGE axis in T2DM and its ***-96-5p,miR-7-5p,miR-132,has_circ_0071106,miR-143,miR-21,miR-145-5p,and more are associated with various aspects of T2DM,including disease risk,diagnostic markers,complications,and gene *** Targeting the AGE/RAGE axis,with a focus on miRNA regulation,holds promise for managing T2DM and its *** have therapeutic potential as they can influence the metabolic pathways affected by AGEs and RAGE,potentially reducing inflammation,oxidative stress,and vascular ***,miRNAs may serve as early diagnostic biomarkers for *** research in this area may lead to innovative therapeutic strategies for diabetes and its associated complications.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus MicroRNAs Advanced glycation end products Receptor for advanced glycation end products

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Long non-coding RNAs with essential roles in neurodegenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1212-1220页

作者： Wandi Xiong Lin Lu Jiali Li Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences&Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoologythe Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences BeijingChina National institute on Drug Dependence Peking UniversityBeijingChina PKU/McGovern institute for Brain Research Peking UniversityBeijingChina institute of Mental Health National Clinical Research Center for Mental DisordersKey Laboratory of Mental Health and Peking University Sixth HospitalPeking UniversityBeijingChina

Recently,with the advent of high-resolution and high-throughput sequencing technologies,an increasing number of long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)have been found to be involved in the regulation of neuronal function in the central nervous system with specific spatiotemporal patterns,across different neurodegenerative ***,the underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs during neurodegeneration remain poorly *** review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the biology of lncRNAs and focuses on introducing the latest identified roles,regulatory mechanisms,and research status of lncRNAs in Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,Huntington's disease,and amyotrophic lateral ***,this review discusses the potential values of lncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases,hoping to provide broader implications for developing effective treatments.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis biomarker Huntington's disease long non-coding RNAs neurodegenerative diseases Parkinson's disease therapy transcriptional regulation translational regulation

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Amebic liver abscess: An update

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 316-330页

作者： Ramesh Kumar Rishabh Patel Rajeev Nayan Priyadarshi Ruchika Narayan Tanmoy Maji Utpal Anand Jinit R Soni Department of Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507India Department of Radiodiagnosis All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507India Department of Surgical Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507India

Amebic liver abscess(ALA)is still a common problem in the tropical world,where it affects over three-quarters of patients with liver *** is caused by an anaerobic protozoan Entamoeba hystolytica,which primarily colonises the *** is a non-suppurative infection of the liver consisting primarily of dead hepatocytes and cellular *** of the male gender,during their reproductive years,are most prone to ALA,and this appears to be due to a poorly mounted immune response linked to serum testosterone *** is more common in the right lobe of the liver,is strongly associated with alcohol consumption,and can heal without the need for *** majority of ALA patients have an uncomplicated course,a number of complications have been described,including rupture into abdomino-thoracic structures,biliary fistula,vascular thrombosis,bilio-vascular compression,and secondary bacterial *** on clinico-radiological findings,a classification system for ALA has emerged recently,which can assist clinicians in making treatment *** research has revealed the role of venous thrombosis-related ischemia in the severity of *** years have seen the development and refinement of newer molecular diagnostic techniques that can greatly aid in overcoming the diagnostic challenge in endemic area where serology-based tests have limited *** has been the drug of choice for ALA patients for many ***,concerns over the resistance and adverse effects necessitate the creation of new,safe,and potent antiamebic *** the indication of the drainage of uncomplicated ALA has become more clear,high-quality randomised trials are still necessary for robust *** drainage appears to be a viable option for patients with ruptured ALA and diffuse peritonitis,for whom surgery represents a significant risk of *** regard to all of the aforementioned issues,this article intends to present an u

关键词： Amebic liver abscess Amebiasis Ruptured liver abscess Percutaneous drainage Metronidazole

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Bunch-length measurement at a bunch-by-bunch rate based on time–frequency-domain joint analysis techniques and its application

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 165-175页

作者： Hong-Shuang Wang Xing Yang Yong-Bin Leng Yi-Mei Zhou Ji-Gang Wang Shanghai institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shanghai Advanced Research institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China

This paper presents a new technique for measuring the bunch length of a high-energy electron beam at a bunch-by-bunch rate in storage *** technique uses the time–frequency-domain joint analysis of the bunch signal to obtain bunch-by-bunch and turn-by-turn longitudinal parameters,such as bunch length and synchronous *** bunch signal is obtained using a button electrode with a bandwidth of several *** data acquisition device was a high-speed digital oscilloscope with a sampling rate of more than 10 GS/s,and the single-shot sampling data buffer covered thousands of *** bunch-length and synchronous phase information were extracted via offline calculations using Python *** calibration coefficient of the system was determined using a commercial streak ***,this technique was tested on two different storage rings and successfully captured various longitudinal transient processes during the harmonic cavity debugging process at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF),and longitudinal instabilities were observed during the single-bunch accumulation process at Hefei Light Source(HLS).For Gaussian-distribution bunches,the uncertainty of the bunch phase obtained using this technique was better than 0.2 ps,and the bunch-length uncertainty was better than 1 *** dynamic range exceeded 10 *** technology is a powerful and versatile beam diagnostic tool that can be conveniently deployed in high-energy electron storage rings.

关键词： Bunch-by-bunch diagnostic Bunch-length measurement Synchronous phase measurement Joint time–frequency-domain analysis Longitudinal instability

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Optical design of a novel near-infrared phase contrast imaging(NI-PCI)diagnostic on the HL-2A tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第3期26卷 31-37页

作者：徐皓龚少博余羿许敏兰涛王志斌石中兵聂林赵光义刘灏周艺轩袁子豪肖晨雨陈坚 Sino-French institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082People's Republic of China Southwestern institute of Physics Chengdu 610041People's Republic of China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People's Republic of China

The optical design of near-infrared phase contrast imaging(NI-PCI)diagnosis on HL-2A is introduced in this *** scheme benefits from the great progress of near-infrared laser technology and is a broadening of traditional phase contrast *** diagnostic can work as a keen tool to measure plasma wavenumber spectra by inferring string-integrated plasma density *** of both the front optical path which is the path before the laser transmitting into the tokamak plasma and the rear optics which is the path after the laser passing through the plasma is *** 1550 nm laser is chosen as the probe beam and highprecision optical components are designed to fit the laser beam,in which a phase plate with a 194-nm-deep silver groove is the *** with the conventional 10.6μm laser-based PCI system on HL-2A,NI-PCI significantly overcomes the unwanted phase scintillation effect and promotes the measurement capability of high-wavenumber turbulence with an increased maximal measurable wavenumber from 15 cm^(-1)to 32.6 cm^(-1).

关键词： phase contrast imaging near infrared laser plasma laser diagnostic

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Assessments and diagnoses of aquatic ecosystem integrity based on integrity requirements of ecosystem service targets

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Water Biology and Security 2024年第1期3卷 1-10页

作者： Hong-Zhu Wang institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430072China

This paper critically reviews the progress in ecosystem integrity(health)assessment of inland waters and provides future directions for *** biotic integrity assessments mainly use multimetric indices and predictive models to evaluate overall health status;the criteria largely rely on pristine reference sites,but such an approach is not applicable to unique natural waters and irreversibly modified *** diagnostic assessments are still in the exploratory stage and can only diagnose possible stressor types and wide-ranges of their intensities through empirical models linking stressors and *** chemical integrity assessments mainly use criteria determined by small-scale ecotoxicity tests,rather than quantitative relationships developed between chemical factors and biotic effects in real ecosystems,thus potentially under or overestimating pollutant *** physical integrity assessments focus on overall habitat quality,rather than quantitative habitat requirements,and thus cannot provide quantitative support for ecological restoration and *** hydrological integrity(environment flow)assessments largely depend on quantitative relationships between hydrological regimes with a few species and single groups,rather than with whole communities,and fail to comprehensively diagnose hydrological causes of biotic resource *** the future,integrity assessments need to be based on ecosystem integrity requirements of ecosystem service targets:first,there is a need to build quantitative relationships between biotic integrity and ecosystem services,assess requirements of community structure and function for service goals,and establish biotic integrity assessment methods;second,we must build quantitative relationships between biotic integrity and abiotic integrity in real ecosystems,assess chemical,physical,and hydrological integrity requirements of biotic needs,and establish diagnostic assessment methods.

关键词： Ecosystem integrity Ecosystem health Inland waters Compliance assessment diagnostic assessment Ecosystem service-based assessment

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Serum tumor markers:Can they clinically implicate in type 2 diabetes mellitus?

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1648-1650页

作者： Kotha Sugunakar Reddy Ilakkiya Priya Pandiaraj Archana Gaur Sakthivadivel Varatharajan Department of General Medicine All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of Physiology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia

“Serum tumor markers expression(CA19-9,CA242,and CEA)and its clinical implications in type 2 diabetes mellitus”authored by Meng and Shi presents an observational case-control study investigating the correlation between tumor markers and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).The study explores the diagnostic accuracy of tumor markers,particularly cancer antigen 19-9(CA19-9),CA242,and carcinoembryonic antigen,in poorly controlled T2DM patients with hemoglobin A1c levels exceeding 9%,employing receiver operating characteristic curve *** study offers valuable insights into the potential utility of tumor markers in clinical practice,caution is advised regarding routine tumor marker testing due to challenges such as limited availability and ***,the study overlooks potential confounding factors like smoking and alcohol *** in CA19-9 and CA242 expression underscore the complex interplay between tumor markers and systemic diseases,warranting further investigation into their diagnostic and prognostic *** Meng and Shi represent a significant contribution to the field,more extensive research is needed to fully elucidate the role of tumor markers in diabetes management and beyond.

关键词： Cancer antigen 19-9 Cancer antigen 242 Carcinoembryonic antigen Tumor markers Type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Intelligent Fault Diagnosis Method of Rolling Bearings Based on Transfer Residual Swin Transformer with Shifted Windows

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2024年第2期18卷 91-110页

作者： Haomiao Wang Jinxi Wang Qingmei Sui Faye Zhang Yibin Li Mingshun Jiang Phanasindh Paitekul The institute of Marine Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao26623China The School of Control Sciences and Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan250061China Thailand institute of Scientific and Technological Research Amphoe Khlong LuangPathum Thani12120Thailand

Due to their robust learning and expression ability for complex features,the deep learning(DL)model plays a vital role in bearing fault ***,since there are fewer labeled samples in fault diagnosis,the depth of DL models in fault diagnosis is generally shallower than that of DL models in other fields,which limits the diagnostic *** solve this problem,a novel transfer residual Swin Transformer(RST)is proposed for rolling bearings in this *** has 24 residual self-attention layers,which use the hierarchical design and the shifted window-based residual *** with transfer learning techniques,the transfer RST model uses pre-trained parameters from ImageNet.A new end-to-end method for fault diagnosis based on deep transfer RST is ***,wavelet transform transforms the vibration signal into a wavelet time-frequency *** signal’s time-frequency domain representation can be represented ***,the wavelet time-frequency diagram is the input of the RST model to obtain the fault ***,our method is verified on public and self-built *** results show the superior performance of our method by comparing it with a shallow neural network.

关键词： Rolling bearing fault diagnosis transformer self-attention mechanism

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Progress of Lyman-alpha-based beam emission spectroscopy(Ly BES)diagnostic on the HL-2A tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第3期26卷 118-125页

作者：周艺轩余羿许敏柯锐聂林徐皓赵光义刘灏袁子豪肖晨雨李继全肖池阶 the HL-2A Team Southwestern institute of Physics Chengdu 610041People's Republic of China Sino-French institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082People's Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871People's Republic of China

An edge Lyman-alpha-based beam emission spectroscopy(LyBES)diagnostic,using a heating NBI(neutral beam injection)system,is currently under development on the HL-2A *** 20-channel edge LyBES,which is intended to measure the density fluctuation in plasma edge(from R=1960 mm to R=2026 mm)with an improved spatial resolution of 3.3 mm,is a complement to the existing conventional beam emission spectroscopy(BES)*** this article,we introduce the progress of LyBES diagnostic,including the collection optics,the monochromator,and the detector *** reflectance of the collection mirrors is measured to be~82%at 122 nm,and the aberration geometrical radius of the collection optics is tested to be~150μm in the aimed *** linear dispersion of the LyBES monochromator is designed to be~0.09 nm mm^(-1).The bandwidth of the detector system with the 5×10^(7)V A^(-1)preamplifier gain is measured to be~280 kHz,and the peak-to-peak noise of the detector system is tested to be~16 *** finalized design,components development and testing of the LyBES diagnostic have been completed at present,and an overall performance of the LyBES diagnostic is to be confirmed in the next HL-2A campaign.

关键词： density fluctuation Ly BES BES vacuum ultraviolet

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Copper coordination-driven self-assembly and encapsulation of PCR reagents

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 189-192页

作者： Chang Lu Jinkai Zheng Juewen Liu institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooONN2L 3G1Canada

Polymerase chain reactions(PCR)are a very important tool for use in cloning,nucleic acid sequencing and diagnostic *** storage conditions of PCR reagents are limited to freezing and a lot of mixing steps are *** this paper,we report using metal ions to form coordination nanomaterials with the intrinsic components of the PCR reagents including dNTP,DNA primers and DNA polymerase as an integrated PCR reaction *** complete PCR reactions,users need only to dissolve the coordination nanomaterials with a buffer and add template DNA.A few transition metal ions were screened and Cu^(2+)was found to be the most effective metal ion for this *** the encapsulation efficiency of PCR reagents was measured,which can reach close to 100%for the primers and DNA polymerase,but only 10%for dNTP because dNTP was *** study also exhibited this integrated PCR reaction system can be used for DNA detection with a similar detection limit to the normal PCR,and showed good stability of encapsulated PCR nanomaterial after storage for a week.

关键词： Metal ions Coordination Encapsulation PCR Storage

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