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Hepatitis B Vaccination in Medical and Dental Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 122-130页

作者： Md. Usama Nasr Md. Kamran Saleem Abdullah Saeed CMH Lahore Medical College & institute of dentistry Lahore Pakistan

Background: Medical and dental students are at risk of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection. The study aimed to assess the vaccination status against Hepatitis B Virus of students in clinical and non-clinical years of a private medical and dental college, and their knowledge, attitude, and awareness about the subject. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a pretested, self-administered questionnaire among 203 medical and dental students of CMH Lahore Medical College and institute of dentistry (CMH LMC & IOD) in Lahore, Pakistan. Participants were evaluated for their knowledge and vaccination status against Hepatitis B Virus. Students were considered to be fully vaccinated (recipients of 3 doses), partially vaccinated (recipients of 1 or 2 doses), and unvaccinated. Comparisons were made between students of clinical and non-clinical years. Data was entered and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Results: Only 66% (n = 134) of the 203 participants had ever received a Hepatitis B Virus vaccine out of which a meagre 17.2% (n = 35) were fully vaccinated. No significant difference was found in vaccine uptake between students of clinical and non-clinical years (p-value = 0.181) despite significant differences seen in the knowledge of vaccination schedule (p-value = 0.001), the prevalence of needle-stick injuries (p-value = 0.001), and knowledge of protocols to be followed after a needle-stick injury (p-value = 0.001). Conclusion: Our study found that a large proportion of the student population is vulnerable to HBV infection. There is a need to create awareness regarding the subject to increase vaccine uptake. HBV vaccination should be offered to all currently enrolled students and be made mandatory at the time of admission in the future.

关键词： Hepatitis B Vaccine Medical Students Dental Students Hepatitis B Vaccination Needle-Stick Injuries

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Coating doxycycline on titanium-based implants: Two in vivo studies

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Bioactive Materials 2020年第4期5卷 787-797页

作者： Maryam Rahmati Ståle Petter Lyngstadaas Janne E.Reseland Ingrid Andersbakken Heidi Straume Haugland Mónica López-Peña Antonio Gonzalez Cantalapiedra Fernando Maria Guzon Muñoz Håvard Jostein Haugen Department of Biomaterials Institute of Clinical DentistryUniversity of Oslo0317OsloNorway Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Facultad de Veterinaria Campus Universitarios/n27002LugoSpain

Regardless of the substantial progress in designing titanium-based dental implants and aseptic techniques,infection remains as the most common complication after implantation ***,having a weakened immune system or systematic diseases is not seen as contraindicated for dental implants anymore,controlling the immune system is required to avoid surgical site infections after *** patients have to control the surgical site infections by taking a high daily dose of oral antibiotics after dental *** antibiotics oral administration has many side effects such as gastrointestinal symptoms,skin rashes and *** antibiotics on the biomaterials surface could be a promising solution to reduce these disadvantages through locally releasing antibiotics in a controlled *** aim of this study was to investigate the effects of doxycycline coating layer on titanium-zirconium alloy surfaces in vitro and in *** our previous studies,we demonstrated the chemical presence of doxycycline layer in *** this study,we examined its physical presence using field emission scanning electron microscope and confocal *** also analyzed its controlled released manner using Nano-Drop UV Vis *** in vitro characterization of the coating layer,we evaluated its effects on the implant osseointegration in dogs and *** histological and histomorphometrical results exhibited no significant difference between doxycycline coated and uncoated groups regarding the implants osseointegration and biocompatibility for dental ***,coating a doxycycline layer on TiZr implants could be favorable for reducing or removing the antibiotics oral administration after the implantation surgery.

关键词： Titanium-zirconium Doxycycline Antibiotic Coating SLActive

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Case report of a criminal dismemberment in Northeast Brazil

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 637-642页

作者： Evelyne Pessoa Soriano Maria do Socorro Dantas de Araújo Francisca de Assis Nascimento Pereira Francisca Divina Silveira de Melo Cristiane Helena da Silva Barbosa Freire Marcus Vitor Diniz de Carvalho Medico-legal institute of João Pessoa ParaíbaBrazil Faculty of dentistry(FOP) Center for Studies in Forensic Anthropology(CEAF)University of Pernambuco(UPE)RecifeBrazil

Several decomposed body parts were received for examination by the Forensic Anthropology section of the Medico-legal institute of João Pessoa,Paraíba,*** portions of the lower and upper limbs,ribs,vertebrae,and a skull were thoroughly *** biological profile indicated a male individual with an estimated age range between 23 and 57 years and a mean age of 35.2 years(SD=9.4;phase IV,Suchey-Brooks).The skeleton showed injuries caused by sharp force and sharp-blunt force trauma that affected all body ***,the lesions are mainly in the diaphyseal segments of the long bones,sacrum,pelvis,mandible,maxilla,scapulae,sternum,vertebrae,the distal epiphysis of the left fibula,and the distal epiphysis of the left tibia displayed characteristics compatible with injuries produced *** was not possible to determine the cause of *** resulted in a positive *** of common difficulties faced in forensic practice,it is often not possible for forensic anthropologists to go to the crime scene,X-ray or body scanners are frequently unavailable,and the victim’s medical and/or dental records are sometimes *** difficulties make identification ultimately depend on genetic analysis,which is more time-consuming than other identification *** this,bone fragment examination in dismemberment cases is a complex *** Anthropology can shed light on cases involving the identification of dismembered remains,which are challenging because of the number of traumatic injuries,as well as different injury patterns,on bones.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic anthropology dismemberment human identification

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Integration of A Deep Learning Classifier with A Random Forest Approach for Predicting Malonylation Sites

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2018年第6期16卷 451-459页

作者： Zhen Chen Ningning He Yu Huang Wen Tao Qin Xuhan Liu Lei Li School of Basic Medicine Qingdao University School of Data Science and Software Engineering Qingdao University Department of Biochemistry Schulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western Ontario Department of Information Technology Beijing Oriental Yamei Gene Technology Institute Co.Ltd. Qingdao Cancer institute Qingdao University

As a newly-identified protein post-translational modification, malonylation is involved in a variety of biological functions. Recognizing malonylation sites in substrates represents an initial but crucial step in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying protein malonylation. In this study, we constructed a deep learning(DL) network classifier based on long short-term memory(LSTM) with word embedding(LSTMWE) for the prediction of mammalian malonylation *** better than traditional classifiers developed with common pre-defined feature encodings or a DL classifier based on LSTM with a one-hot vector. The performance of LSTMWE is sensitive to the size of the training set, but this limitation can be overcome by integration with a traditional machine learning(ML) classifier. Accordingly, an integrated approach called LEMP was developed, which includes LSTMWEand the random forest classifier with a novel encoding of enhanced amino acid content. LEMP performs not only better than the individual classifiers but also superior to the currently-available malonylation predictors. Additionally, it demonstrates a promising performance with a low false positive rate, which is highly useful in the prediction application. Overall, LEMP is a useful tool for easily identifying malonylation sites with high *** is available at http://***/lemp.

关键词： Deep learning Recurrent neural network LSTM Malonylation Random forest

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Viral diseases in Africa: Preventing the outbreak of acute hepatitis of unknown etiology

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iLIVER 2022年第4期1卷 235-236页

作者： Okereke Promise Udohchukwu Innocent Kitandu Paul Margareth Richard Mallya Matilda KBasinda Sospeter Berling Sospeter Juvenali Ruaichi Faculty of dentistry College of MedicineUniversity of NigeriaNigeria Catholic University of Health and Allied Science MwanzaTanzania YOHAN Research institute Nigeria

Hepatitis is an inflammation of the *** had been an outbreak of hepatitis of unknown origin among children,where nine pediatric patients in Alabama,United States of America,tested negative for hepatitis viruses(A,B,C,D,and E)and autoimmune *** far,no case has been recorded in *** article seeks to give guidelines on how to prevent its occurrence in *** literatures were reviewed on the background of hepatitis of unknown origin while focusing on World Health Organization publication as regards the outbreaks in other European ***,it is worthy to state that Africa needs to keep its healthcare systems ready to take care of the mechanism by which the outbreak may occur and protect the vulnerable pediatric population from such an outbreak.

关键词： Pediatric Viral Africa Hepatitis Unknown origin Outbreak Acute

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Should mast cells be considered therapeutic targets in multiple sclerosis?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第11期15卷 1995-2007页

作者： Karen Henriette Pinke Sofia Fernanda Goncalves Zorzella-Pezavento Vanessa Soares Lara Alexandrina Sartori institute of Biosciences Department of Microbiology and ImmunologySao Paulo State University(UNESP)BotucatuSao PauloBrazil Bauru School of dentistry Department of SurgeryStomatologyPathology and RadiologyUniversity of Sao PauloBauruSao PauloBrazil

Mast cells are immune cells of the myeloid lineage that are found throughout the body,including the central nervous *** perform many functions associated with innate and specific immunity,angiogenesis,and vascular ***,they have been implicated in a series of pathologies(e.g.,hypersensitivity reactions,tumors,and inflammatory disorders).In this review,we propose that this cell could be a relevant therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis,which is a central nervous system degenerative *** support this proposition,we describe the general biological properties of mast cells,their contribution to innate and specific immunity,and the participation of mast cells in the various stages of multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis *** final part of this review is dedicated to an overview of the available mast cells immunomodulatory drugs and their activity on multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,including our own experience related to the effect of ketotifen fumarate on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis evolution.

关键词： central nervous system degenerative disease experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis immunity immunomodulatory drugs inflammatory disease ketotifen fumarate mast cells multiple sclerosis therapeutic target

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Chondrogenesis of periodontal ligament stem cells by transforming growth factor-β3 and bone morphogenetic protein-6 in a normal healthy impacted third molar

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International Journal of Oral Science 2013年第1期5卷 7-13页

作者： Sunyoung Choi Tae-Jun Cho Soon-Keun Kwon Gene Lee Jaejin Cho Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Differentiation/Transplantation Department of Dental Regenerative BiotechnologySchool of DentistrySeoul National University Dental Research institute School of DentistrySeoul National University Laboratory of Molecular Genetics School of DentistrySeoul National University

The periodontal ligament-derived mesenchymal stem cell is regarded as a source of adult stem cells due to its ***, the proof of chondrogenic potential of the cells is ***,we investigated the chondrogenic differentiation capacity of periodontal ligament derived mesenchymal stem cells induced by transforming growth factor(TGF)-p3 and bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)-*** isolation of periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs) from human periodontal ligament,the cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium(DMEM) with 20%fetal bovine serum(FBS).A mechanical force initiated chondrogenic differentiation of the *** chondrogenic differentiation,10μg·LTGF-β3 or 100μg·LBMP-6 and the combination treating group for synergistic effect of the growth *** analyzed the PDLSCs by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and chondrogenesis were evaluated by glycosaminoglycans assay,histology,immunohistochemistry and genetic *** showed mesenchymal stem cell properties proved by FACS *** contents were increased 217%by TGF-β3 and 220%by BMP-6. The synergetic effect of TGF-β3 and BMP-6 were shown up to 281%compared to *** combination treatment increased Sox9, aggrecan and collagen II expression compared with not only controls,but also TGF-P3 or BMP-6 single treatment *** histological analysis also indicated the chondrogenic differentiation of PDLSCs in our *** results of the present study demonstrate the potential of the dental stem cell as a valuable cell source for chondrogenesis,which may be applicable for regeneration of cartilage and bone fracture in the field of cell therapy.

关键词： bone morphogenetic protein-6 chondrogenesis growth factor periodental ligament cell stem cell transforming growth factor-β3

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Colony stimulating factor 1:friend or foe of neurons?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 773-774页

作者： Lorna Bo Xuenong Bo School of Clinical Medicine University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Centre for Neuroscience Surgery and TraumaBlizard InstituteBarts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK

Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor(CSF1R) is a tyrosine kinase receptor primarily expressed on microglia and a small subpopulation of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS),which directly controls the homeostas... 详细信息

关键词： stimulating homeostasis primarily

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Mode of delivery by an ulcerative colitis mother in a case of twins: Immunological differences in cord blood and placenta

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第42期24卷 4787-4797页

作者： Garett Dunsmore Petya Koleva Reed Taylor Sutton Lindsy Ambrosio Vivian Huang Shokrollah Elahi Department of dentistry and Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology University of Alberta Department of dentistry University of Alberta Division of Gastroenterology University of Alberta Division of Gastroenterology University of TorontoMount Sinai HospitalSinai Health System

AIM To understand the effects of delivery mode on the immune cells frequency and function in cord blood and *** We evaluated immunological differences in cord blood and placental tissues for a case of twins one of which delivered vaginally while the other delivered by caesarian section(C-section). Cord blood mononuclear cells were isolated and placenta tissues were processed for cell isolation. Immune phenotyping was performed by flow cytometry methods following staining for T cells, natural killer(NK) cells, monocytes, neutrophils and CD71^+erythroid cells in both cord blood and placenta tissues. In addition, fetal calprotectin of twins was measured 12 wk after *** We found lower percentages of immune cells(e.g. T cells, monocytes and neutrophils) in the cord blood of C-section delivered compared to vaginally delivered newborn. In contrast, percentages of monocytes and neutrophils were > 2 folds higher in the placental tissues of C-section delivered newborn. More importantly, we observed lower percentages of CD71^+ erythroid cells in both cord blood and placental tissues of C-section delivered case. Lower CD71^+ erythroid cells were associated with a more pro-inflammatory milieu at the fetomaternal interface reflected by higher expression of inhibitory receptors on CD4^+ T cells, higher frequency of monocytes and neutrophils. Furthermore, type of delivery impacted the gene expression profile in CD71^+erythroid cells. Finally, we found that C-section delivered child had > 20-fold higher FCP in his fecal sample at 12 wk of *** Mode of delivery impacted immune cells profile in cord blood/placenta. In particular frequency of immunosuppressive CD71^+ erythroid cells was reduced in C-section delivered newborn.

关键词： Caesarian section Twins Vaginal delivery Immunophenotyping CD71+erythroid cells Cord blood Placental tissues

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Oral polymorphonuclear neutrophil characteristics in relation to oral health： a cross-sectional, observational clinical study

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International Journal of Oral Science 2016年第3期8卷 191-198页

作者： Patrick Rijkschroeff Ineke DC Jansen Fridus A van der Weijden Bart IF Keijser Bruno G Loos Elena A Nicu Department of Periodontology Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Preventive dentistry Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands Microbiology and Systems Biology TNO Earth Environmental and Life Sciences Zeist The Netherlands Top institute Food and Nutrition Wageningen The Netherlands

Polymorphonuclear neutmphils （PMNs） have a major role in the innate immune system. However, little is known about PMN contribution in relation to oral health. The objective of this study was to investigate the numbers and functional characteristics of oral PMNs （oPMNs） compared with circulatory PMNs （cPMNs）. Oral rinse and venous blood samples were obtained from 268 systemically and orally healthy volunteers in a cross-sectional observational study. PMN counts, cell cycle analysis and cellular activation state were investigated. Also, reactive oxygen species （ROS） production was analyzed, with and without bacterial stimulation （Fusobacterium nucleatum）. In males, 1.2 × 10^6- 1.0 ×10^6 oPMNs were collected, and showed a tendency to correlate with the levels of gingival bleeding （r= 0.215, P= 0.008）. Comparable oPMNs counts were found among females （1.0 ×10^6＋ 0.7 × 10^6）. More late-stage apoptotic/necrotic cells were found among the oPMNs （53.1%） compared with the cPMNs （8.5%; P〈 0.001）. Without additional stimulation, oPMNs were more activated than cPMNs, as indicated by higher expression of CD11b, CD63 and CD66b, and higher constitutive ROS levels （P〈 0.001）. Notably, in response to bacterial stimulation, oPMNs released comparable ROS levels as cPMNs （P= 0.042）. In conclusion, this study provides data on viable oPMNs showing high levels of activation in orally and systemically healthy individuals, free of apparent caries lesions and periodontal disease. These data suggests that although the oPMNs are in a more mature stage of their life cycle compared with the cPMNs, oPMNs are still responsive to stimulation, which indicates their functional potential and possible contribution to a healthy oral ecosystem.

关键词： apoptosis degranulation neutrophils oral health reactive oxygen species

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