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Regulation of Actin Dynamics in Pollen Tubes:Control of Actin Polymer Level

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2009年第8期51卷 740-750页

作者： Naizhi Chen Xiaolu Qu Youjun Wu Shanjin Huang Center for signal transduction and Metabolomics Key Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China

Actin cytoskeleton undergoes rapid reorganization in response to internal and external cues. How the dynamics of actin cytoskeleton are regulated, and how its dynamics relate to its function are fundamental questions in plant cell biology. The pollen tube is a well characterized actin-based cell morphogenesis in plants. One of the striking features of actin cytoskeleton characterized in the pollen tube is its surprisingly low level of actin polymer. This special phenomenon might relate to the function of actin cytoskeleton in pollen tubes. Understanding the molecular mechanism underlying this special phenomenon requires careful analysis of actin-binding proteins that modulate actin dynamics directly. Recent biochemical and biophysical analyses of several highly conserved plant actin-binding proteins reveal unusual and unexpected properties, which emphasizes the importance of carefully analyzing their action mechanism and cellular activity. In this review, we highlight an actin monomer sequestering protein, a barbed end capping protein and an F-actin severing and dynamizing protein in plant. We propose that these proteins function in harmony to regulate actin dynamics and maintain the low level of actin polymer in pollen tubes.

关键词： actin-binding proteins actin dynamics pollen tube

A Note from the Executive Editor

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第1期49卷 1-2页

作者： Chun-Ming Liu Center for signal transduction & Metabolomics Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing

When Professor Xing-Guo Han, one of the Chief Editors of Journal of Integrative Plant Biology (JIPB) and President of the Botanical Society of China, and Professor Ke-Ping Ma, the Director General of the institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), asked me if I would like to be the Executive Editor for JIPB, it really took me a few days to think about it. The major reason for me to be so reluctant to take such a position was that I felt I really did not have enough time to manage a journal promptly, by hiding away from my daily business. At the moment, I run my own laboratory, and take care of the management job for the Center of signal transduction & Metabolomics. In addition, I also did not have any experience in editorial business. However, they managed to convince me to take the challenge, by giving me their full support. Anyway, I agreed in the end. I will do my best to assist the Editors to bring up the quality of the journal. Regardless of whether or not I reach my goal, it will be a valuable experience for me.

关键词： Xing-Guo Han JIPB editorial business

Effect of Zn2+ ions on ryanodine binding to sarcoplasmic reticulum of striated muscles in the presence of pyrithione

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第12期25卷 81-85页

作者： Hong XIE, Ke-ying CHEN, Pei-hong ZHU2 Unit of Cell signal transduction, Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Shanghai institutes for BiologicalSciences, Chinese Academy ofSciences, Shanghai200031, China Unit of Cell signal transduction Key Laboratory of Neuroscience Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China

AIM: To explore whether the differential effects of Zn2+ on ryanodine binding to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of skeletal and cardiac muscles resulted from different permeability of the SR to Zn2+. METHODS: [3H]ryanodine binding assays were performed to examine the effect of Zn2+ on ryanodine binding to the SR in the presence of pyrithione sodium (PyNa), a specific Zn2+ ionophore. RESULTS: As a control, PyNa up to 50 μmol/L did not induce any effect on ryanodine binding to the SR of cardiac muscle. But PyNa 1-100 μmol/L increased ryanodine binding in skeletal muscle with maximum binding (222.2 %±20.9 % of the control) and inhibited ryanodine binding to 50 % of the control at about 500 μmol/L. In the presence of PyNa 10 and 50 μmol/L the dose-dependence of the effect of Zn2+ in cardiac muscle was still monophasic and not changed by PyNa, while the biphasic effect of Zn2+ in skeletal muscle became monophasic. CONCLUSION: Different permeability of the SR to Zn2+ may account for the differential effects of Zn2+on ryanodine binding in skeletal and cardiac muscles. PyNa is not a strictly specific Zn2+ ionophore.

关键词： zinc ion pyrithione radioligand binding ryanodine receptor skeletal muscle myocardium

Cloning and expression of MXR7 gene in human HCC tissue

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第1期6卷 57-60页

作者： Zhou XP Wang HY Yang GS Chen ZJ Li BA Wu MC The International Cooperation Laboratory on signal transduction Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospitalthe Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200438China

AIM To clone and identify the whole cDNA ofMXR7 gene and to find out its expression inhuman HCC,and normal *** The DNA primers were designed andsynthesized according to the whole cDNAsequence of MXR? *** cDNA of humanHCC was taken as the template while the cDNA ofMXR7 gene was synthesized by polymerasechain reaction（PCR）.Recombinant DNAconforming to reading frame was constructed byconnecting purified PCR product of the cDNA ofMXR? gene with expression vector pGEX-5X-1 offusion *** plasmid MXRT/pGEX-5X-1was identified by *** 32p labeledMXR? cDNA as probe,MXR7 mRNA expressionwas detected by Northern blot analysis in 12different human normal tissues,7 preoperativelyuntreated non-liver tumor tissues,30preoperatively untreated HCC,theparacancerous liver tissues and 12 normal livertissues *** Restriction enzyme and sequenceanalysis confirmed that the insertion sequence invector pGEX-5X-1 was the same as the cDNAsequence of MXR7 *** blot analysisshowed no expression of MXR? mRNA in 12 kindsof normal human tissues including liver,7 tumortissues in other sites and 12 normal livertissues,the frequencies of MXR7 mRNA expression in HCC and paracancerous livertissues were 76.6% and 13.3%,*** frequency of MXR7 mRNA expression in HCCwithout elevation of serum AFP and in HCC<5cm was 90%（9/10）and 83.3%（5/6）,*** MXR7 mRNA is highly expressedin human HCC,which is specific and occurs at anearly stage of HCC,suggesting MXR7 mRNA canbe a tumor biomarker for *** detection ofMXR7 mRNA expression in the biopsied livertissue is helpful in discovering early subclinicalliver cancer in those with negative serum AFP.

关键词： Subject headings human HCC tissues MXR7 gene gene expression cDNA mRNA

The role of sphingosine-1-phosphate in bone remodeling and osteoporosis

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Bone Research 2022年第2期10卷 265-273页

作者： Justus M.Grewe Paul-Richard Knapstein Antonia Donat Shan Jiang Daniel JSmit Weixin Xie Johannes Keller Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Clinic and Polyclinic for Vascular Medicine University Heart Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany institute of biochemistry and signal transduction University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany

Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease that affects more than 200 million people worldwide and is caused by the disruption of the equilibrium between osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation. Sphingosine-1-phosphate(S1 P) is a natural,bioactive sphingolipid that has been shown to play a major role in cardiovascular and immunological pathologies by regulating biological and cellular processes, including migration, differentiation, proliferation and survival. Recent studies also suggest a central role for S1 P in bone diseases, including osteoporosis;however, the effects of S1 P, particularly in bone metabolism, remain to be further elucidated. In this review, we summarize the available literature on the role of S1 P in bone metabolism with a focus on osteoporosis. On the cellular level, S1 P acts as an osteoclast-osteoblast coupling factor to promote osteoblast proliferation and bone formation. Moreover, the recruitment of osteoclast precursors to resorption sites is regulated by the interplay of S1 P gradients and S1 P receptor expression. From a clinical perspective, increasing evidence suggests that systemically elevated S1 P blood levels may serve as an independent risk factor for osteoporosis-related fractures. Taken together, S1 P signaling is a potential therapeutic target and may serve as a novel biomarker in patients with systemic bone disease.

关键词： osteoporosis metabolism expression.

The Gut Microbiota, Tumorigenesis, and Liver Diseases

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Engineering 2017年第1期3卷 110-114页

作者： Guishuai Lv Ningtao Cheng Hongyang Wang International Cooperation Laboratory on signal transduction Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Institute Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200438 China National Center for Liver Cancer Shanghai 201805 China

In recent decades, diseases concerning the gut microbiota have presented some of the most serious public health problems worldwide. The human host＇s physiological status is influenced by the intestinal microbiome, thus integrating external factors, such as diet, with genetic and immune signals. The notion that chronic inflammation drives carcinogenesis has been widely established for various tissues. It is surprising that the role of the microbiota in tumorigenesis has only recently been recognized, given that the presence of bacteria at tumor sites was first described more than a century ago. Extensive epidemiological studies have revealed that there is a strong link between the gut microbiota and some common cancers. However, the exact molecular mechanisms linking the gut microbiota and cancer are not yet fully understood. Changes to the gut microbiota are instrumental in determining the occurrence and progression of hepatocarcinoma, chronic liver diseases related to alcohol, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）, and cirrhosis. To be specific, the gut milieu may play an important role in systemic inflammation, endotoxemia, and vasodilation, which leads to complications such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and hepatic encephalopathy. Relevant animal studies involving gut microbiota manipulations, combined with observational studies on patients with NAFLD, have provided ample evidence pointing to the contribution of dysbiosis to the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Given the poor prognosis of these clinical events, their prevention and early management are essential. Studies of the composition and function of the gut microbiota could shed some light on understanding the prognosis because the microbiota serves as an essential component of the gut milieu that can impact the aforementioned clinical events. As far as disease management is concerned, probiotics may provide a novel direction for therapeutics for hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） and NAFLD, given that probioti

关键词： Gut microbiota Dysbiosis Tumorigenesis Hepatocellular carcinoma Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Prokaryotic Expression and Polyclonal Antibody Preparation of PRL3

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2007年第6期23卷 697-700页

作者： SHEN Xing-gui LI Wan-nan WANG Jing JIANG Yi-qun LI Qing-shan FU Xue-qi Edmond H. Fischer signal transduction Laboratory College of Life Sciences Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China

Phosphatase of regenerating liver 3 （ PRL3 ）, which belongs to the superfamily of protein tyrosine phosphatases （PTPs）, represents a group of low molecular weight PTPs that participate in tumorigenesis and metastasis processes. Presented here are the results of cloning, prokaryotic expression, purification, and polyclonal antibody preparation of PRL3. To obtain a specific polyclonal antibody against PRL3, the authors have prepared GST-PRL3 to immunize rabbits and purify an anti-PRL3 polyclonal antibody by negative selection affinity columns. Western blot analysis shows that the anti-PRL3 polyclonal antibody has a specific binding ability with PRL3 protein. The anti-PRL3 polyclonal antibody provides a good tool to further study the function of PRL3.

关键词： PRL3 Prokaryotic expression Polyclonal antibody

Find and replace: editing human genome in pluripotent stem cells

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Protein & Cell 2011年第12期2卷 950-956页

作者： Huize Pan Weiqi Zhang Weizhou Zhang Guang-Hui Liu National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Laboratory of Gene Regulation and signal transduction Department of PharmacologySchool of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Genetic manipulation of human pluripotent stem cells(hPSCs)provides a powerful tool for modeling diseases and developing future *** a number of independent genome-editing techniques were developed,including plasmid,bacterial artificial chromosome,adeno-associated virus vector,zinc finger nuclease,transcription activator-like effecter nuclease,and helper-dependent adenoviral *** editing has been successfully employed in different aspects of stem cell research such as gene correction,mutation knock-in,and establishment of reporter cell lines(Raya et al.,2009;Howden et al.,2011;Li et al.,2011;Liu et al.,2011b;Papapetrou et al.,2011;Sebastiano et al.,2011;Soldner et al.,2011;Zou et al.,2011a).These techniques combined with the utility of hPSCs will significantly influence the area of regenerative medicine.

关键词： gene targeting gene editing gene correction pluripotent stem cell

Increased excitatory amino acid transporter 2 levels in basolateral amygdala astrocytes mediate chronic stress–induced anxiety-like behavior

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1721-1734页

作者： Xirong Xu Shoumin Xuan Shuai Chen Dan Liu Qian Xiao Jie Tu Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neuroimmunomodulation for Neurological Diseases Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain ScienceShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI)Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI)Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina University of Chinese of Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Faculty of Life and Health Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina

The conventional perception of astrocytes as mere supportive cells within the brain has recently been called into question by empirical evidence, which has revealed their active involvement in regulating brain function and encoding behaviors associated with ***, astrocytes in the basolateral amygdala have been found to play a role in the modulation of anxiety-like behaviors triggered by chronic stress. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms by which basolateral amygdala astrocytes regulate chronic stress–induced anxiety-like behaviors remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we found that in a mouse model of anxiety triggered by unpredictable chronic mild stress, the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 was upregulated in the basolateral amygdala. Interestingly, our findings indicate that the targeted knockdown of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 specifically within the basolateral amygdala astrocytes was able to rescue the anxiety-like behavior in mice subjected to stress. Furthermore, we found that the overexpression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 in the basolateral amygdala, whether achieved through intracranial administration of excitatory amino acid transporter 2agonists or through injection of excitatory amino acid transporter 2-overexpressing viruses with GfaABC1D promoters, evoked anxiety-like behavior in mice. Our single-nucleus RNA sequencing analysis further confirmed that chronic stress induced an upregulation of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 specifically in astrocytes in the basolateral amygdala. Moreover, through in vivo calcium signal recordings, we found that the frequency of calcium activity in the basolateral amygdala of mice subjected to chronic stress was higher compared with normal *** knocking down the expression of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 in the basolateral amygdala, the frequency of calcium activity was not significantly increased, and anxiety-like behavior was ob

关键词： anxiety astrocytes basolateral amygdala behavior dihydrokainic acid excitatory amino acid transporter 2 fiber photometry glutamate LDN-212320 transporter