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The virulence regulator AbsR in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli has pleiotropic effects on bacterial physiology

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 649-668页

作者： Dongfang Zhao Haobo Zhang Xinyang Zhang Fengwei Jiang Yijing Li Wentong Cai Ganwu Li State Key Laboratory for animal Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150069China College of veterinary Medicine Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150038China National animal Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Division of Zoonoses SurveillanceChina Animal Health and Epidemiology CenterQingdao 266032China Department of veterinary Diagnostic and Production animal Medicine College of Veterinary MedicineIowa State UniversityAmesIowa 50011-1134the United States

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli(APEC)belonging to extraintestinal pathogenic ***(ExPEC)can cause severe infections in extraintestinal tissues in birds and humans,such as the lungs and ***(microcin production regulation,locus A,herein renamed AbsR,a blood survival regulator),a member of the MarR(multiple antibiotic resistance regulator)transcriptional regulator family,governs the expression of capsule biosynthetic genes in human ExPEC and represents a promising druggable target for ***,a deep understanding of the AbsR regulatory mechanism as well as its regulon is *** this study,we present a systems-level analysis of the APEC AbsR regulon using ChIP-Seq(chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing)and RNA-Seq(RNA sequencing)*** found that AbsR directly regulates 99 genes and indirectly regulates 667 ***,we showed that:1)AbsR contributes to antiphagocytotic effects by macrophages and virulence in a mouse model for systemic infection by directly activating the capsular gene cluster;2)AbsR positively impacts biofilm formation via direct regulation of the T2SS(type II secretion system)but plays a marginal role in virulence;and 3)AbsR directly upregulates the acid tolerance signaling system EvgAS to withstand acid stress but is dispensable in ExPEC ***,our data indicate that the role of AbsR in virulence gene regulation is relatively conserved in ExPEC ***,this study provides a comprehensive analysis of the AbsR regulon and regulatory mechanism,and our data suggest that AbsR likely influences virulence primarily through the control of capsule ***,we found that AbsR severely represses the expression of the type I-F CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas(CRISPR associated)systems,which could have implications in CRISPR biology and application.

关键词： avian pathogenic Escherichia coli(APEC) extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli(ExPEC) AbsR RNA-Seq ChIP-Seq gene regulation

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Quercetin Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cardiac Inflammation via Inhibiting Autophagy and Programmed Cell Death

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期37卷 54-70页

作者： YU Jin Hai HU Guo Liang GUO Xiao Quan CAO Hua Bin XIA Zhao Fei AMIN Buhe Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for animal health Institute of Animal Population HealthCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045JiangxiChina Internal Medicine Laboratory Department of Veterinary Clinical MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100091China Department of Cancer Surgery Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038China

Objective The aim of this study is to explore the potential modulatory role of quercetin against Endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced septic cardiac *** Specific pathogen-free chicken embryos(n=120)were allocated untreated control,phosphate buffer solution(PBS)vehicle,PBS with ethanol vehicle,LPS(500 ng/egg),LPS with quercetin treatment(10,20,or 40 nmol/egg,respectively),Quercetin groups(10,20,or 40 nmol/egg).Fifteenday-old embryonated eggs were inoculated with abovementioned solutions via the allantoic *** embryonic day 19,the hearts of the embryos were collected for histopathological examination,RNA extraction,real-time polymerase chain reaction,immunohistochemical investigations,and Western *** They demonstrated that the heart presented inflammatory responses after LPS *** LPS-induced higher mRNA expressions of inflammation-related factors(TLR4,TNFα,MYD88,NF-κB1,IFNγ,IL-1β,IL-8,IL-6,IL-10,p38,MMP3,and MMP9)were blocked by quercetin with three *** significantly decreased immunopositivity to TLR4 and MMP9 in the treatment group when compared with the LPS *** significantly decreased protein expressions of TLR4,IFNγ,MMP3,and MMP9 when compared with the LPS *** treatment prevented LPS-induced increase in the mRNA expression of Claudin 1 and ZO-1,and significantly decreased protein expression of claudin 1 when compared with the LPS *** significantly downregulated autophagyrelated gene expressions(PPARα,SGLT1,APOA4,AMPKα1,AMPKα2,ATG5,ATG7,Beclin-1,and LC3B)and programmed cell death(Fas,Bcl-2,CASP1,CASP12,CASP3,and RIPK1)after LPS *** significantly decreased immunopositivity to APOA4,AMPKα2,and LC3-II/LC3-I in the treatment group when compared with the LPS *** significantly decreased protein expressions of AMPKα1,LC3-I,and *** significantly decreased the protein expression to CASP1 and CASP3 by immunohistochemical investigation or

关键词： Quercetin Lipopolysaccharide Inflammation Autophagy Programmed cell death Myocardiocytes permeability

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M6PR interacts with the HA2 subunit of influenza A virus to facilitate the fusion of viral and endosomal membranes

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 579-595页

作者： Yuzhen Hu Li Jiang Guangwen Wang Yangming Song Zhibo Shan Xuyuan Wang Guohua Deng Jianzhong Shi Guobin Tian Xianying Zeng Liling Liu Hualan Chen Chengjun Li State Key Laboratory for animal Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150069China

Influenza A virus(IAV) commandeers numerous host cellular factors for successful replication. However, very few host factors have been revealed to be involved in the fusion of viral envelope and late endosomal membranes. In this study, we identified cation-dependent mannose-6-phosphate receptor(M6PR) as a crucial host factor for the replication of IAV. We found that siRNA knockdown of M6PR expression significantly reduced the growth titers of different subtypes of IAV, and that the inhibitory effect of M6PR siRNA treatment on IAV growth was overcome by the complement of exogenously expressed M6PR. When A549 cells were treated with siRNA targeting M6PR,the nuclear accumulation of viral nucleoprotein(NP) was dramatically inhibited at early timepoints post-infection, indicating that M6PR engages in the early stage of the IAV replication cycle. By investigating the role of M6PR in the individual entry and post-entry steps of IAV replication, we found that the downregulation of M6PR expression had no effect on attachment, internalization, early endosome trafficking,or late endosome acidification. However, we found that M6PR expression was critical for the fusion of viral envelope and late endosomal membranes. Of note, M6PR interacted with the hemagglutinin(HA) protein of IAV, and further studies showed that the lumenal domain of M6PR and the ectodomain of HA2 mediated the interaction and directly promoted the fusion of the viral and late endosomal membranes,thereby facilitating IAV replication. Together, our findings highlight the importance of the M6PR–HA interaction in the fusion of viral and late endosomal membranes during IAV replication.

关键词： influenza A virus M6PR HA membrane fusion late endosome

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Understanding the spectrum of non-motor symptoms in multiple sclerosis:insights from animal models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 84-91页

作者： Poornima D.E.Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage Joong-Sun Kim Taekyun Shin Changjong Moon Department of veterinary Anatomy and animal Behavior College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR programChonnam National UniversityGwangjuRepublic of Korea Department of veterinary Anatomy College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research InstituteJeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and is generally considered to be a non-traumatic,physically debilitating neurological *** addition to experiencing motor disability,patients with multiple sclerosis also experience a variety of nonmotor symptoms,including cognitive deficits,anxiety,depression,sensory impairments,and ***,the pathogenesis and treatment of such non-motor symptoms in multiple scle rosis are still under *** studies for multiple sclerosis benefit from the use of disease-appropriate animal models,including experimental autoimmune *** to understanding the pathophysiology and developing treatments for non-motor symptoms,it is critical to chara cterize the animal model in terms of its ability to replicate certain non-motor features of multiple *** such,no single animal model can mimic the entire spectrum of *** review focuses on the non-motor symptoms that have been investigated in animal models of multiple sclerosis as well as possible underlying ***,we highlighted gaps in the literature to explain the nonmotor aspects of multiple sclerosis in expe rimental animal models,which will serve as the basis for future studies.

关键词： anxiety cognitive deficit depression experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis motor disability neurological disorder pain pathophysiology preclinical study sensory impairments

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Changes in structural plasticity of hippocampal neurons in an animal model of multiple sclerosis

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 398-414页

作者： Poornima D.E.Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage Sohi Kang Joong-Sun Kim Sung-Ho Kim Hongbing Wang Taekyun Shin Changjong Moon Department of veterinary Anatomy and animal Behavior College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR ProgramChonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science Institute of Health SciencesCollege of MedicineGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52727Republic of Korea Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Program Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of veterinary Anatomy College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research InstituteJeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea

Structural plasticity is critical for the functional diversity of neurons in the *** autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)is the most commonly used model for multiple sclerosis(MS),successfully mimicking its key pathological features(inflammation,demyelination,axonal loss,and gliosis)and clinical symptoms(motor and non-motordysfunctions).Recentstudieshave demonstrated the importance of synaptic plasticity in EAE *** the present study,we investigated the features of behavioral alteration and hippocampal structural plasticity in EAE-affected mice in the early phase(11 days post-immunization,DPI)and chronic phase(28DPI).EAE-affected mice exhibited hippocampus-related behavioral dysfunction in the open field test during both early and chronic *** complexity was largely affected in the cornu ammonis 1(CA1)and CA3 apical and dentate gyrus(DG)subregions of the hippocampus during the chronic phase,while this effect was only noted in the CA1 apical subregion in the early ***,dendritic spine density was reduced in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 apical/basal and DG subregions in the early phase of EAE,but only reduced in the DG subregion during the chronic ***,mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines(Il1β,Tnfα,and Ifnγ)and glial cell markers(Gfap and Cd68)were significantly increased,whereas the expression of activity-regulated cytoskeletonassociated protein(ARC)was reduced during the chronic ***,exposure to the aforementioned cytokines in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons reduced dendritic complexity and ARC *** cultures of hippocampal neurons also showed significantly reduced extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)phosphorylation upon treatment with proinflammatory ***,these results suggest that autoimmune neuroinflammation alters structural plasticity in the hippocampus,possibly through the ERK-ARC pathway,indicating that this alteration may be associated with hi

关键词： Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein Anxiety-like behavior Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Hippocampal dysfunction Neuroinflammation

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Control of highly pathogenic avian influenza through vaccination

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1447-1453页

作者： Xianying Zeng Jianzhong Shi Hualan Chen State Key Laboratory for animal Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin150069China

The stamping-out strategy has been used to control highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in many countries,driven by the belief that vaccination would not be successful against such viruses and fears that avian influenza virus in vaccinated birds would evolve more rapidly and pose a greater risk to *** this review,we summarize the successes in controlling highly pathogenic avian influenza in China and make suggestions regarding the requirements for vaccine selection and *** addition,we present evidence that vaccination of poultry not only eliminates human infection with avian influenza virus,but also significantly reduces and abolishes some harmful characteristics of avian influenza virus.

关键词： avian influenza control highly pathogenic vaccination

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Abomasal infusion of branched-chain amino acids or branched-chain keto-acids alter lactation performance and liver triglycerides in fresh cows

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1145-1157页

作者： Kristen Gallagher Isabelle Bernstein Cynthia Collings David Main Ghayyoor Ahmad Sarah Naughton Jayasimha Daddam Vengai Mavangira Mike Vandehaar Zheng Zhou Department of animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA Department of veterinary Diagnostic and Production animal Medicine Ames 50011USA

Background Dairy cows are at high risk of fatty liver disease in early lactation,but current preventative measures are not always *** with fatty liver have lower circulating branched-chain amino acid(BCAA)concentra-tions whereas cows with high circulating BCAA levels have low liver triglyceride(TG).Our objective was to determine the impact of BCAA and their corresponding ketoacids(branched-chain ketoacids,BCKA)on production performance and liver TG accumulation in Holstein cows in the first 3 weeks *** Thirty-six multiparous Holstein cows were used in a randomized block design *** were abomasally infused for the first 21 d postpartum with solutions of 1)saline(CON,n=12);2)BCA(67 g valine,50 g leu-cine,and 34 g isoleucine,n=12);and 3)BCK(77 g 2-ketovaline calcium salt,57 g 2-ketoleucine calcium salt,and 39 g 2-ketoisoleucine calcium salt,n=12).All cows received the same *** effects were determined using PROC GLIMMIX in *** No differences were detected for body weight,body condition score,or dry matter intake averaged over the first 21 d *** receiving BCK had significantly lower liver TG concentrations compared to CON(6.60%vs.4.77%,standard error of the mean(SEM)0.49)during the first 3 weeks of *** of BCA increased milk yield(39.5 vs.35.3 kg/d,SEM 1.8),milk fat yield(2.10 vs.1.69 kg/d,SEM 0.08),and lactose yield(2.11 vs.1.67 kg/d,SEM 0.07)compared with *** to CON,cows receiving BCA had lower plasma glucose(55.0 vs.59.2 mg/dL,SEM 0.86)but higherβ-hydroxybutyrate(9.17 vs.6.00 mg/dL,SEM 0.80).Conclusions Overall,BCAA supplementation in this study improved milk production,whereas BCKA supplementa-tion reduced TG accumulation in the liver of fresh cows.

关键词： Branched-chain amino acids Branched-chain ketoacids Fatty liver Fresh cow

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Establishment of an indirect immunofluorescence assay for the detection of African swine fever virus antibodies

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 228-238页

作者： Wan Wang Zhenjiang Zhang Weldu Tesfagaber Jiwen Zhang Fang Li Encheng Sun Lijie Tang Zhigao Bu Yuanmao Zhu Dongming Zhao State Key Laboratory for animal Disease Control and Prevention National African Swine Fever Para-reference LaboratoryNational High Containment Facilities for Animal Diseases Control and PreventionHarbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150069China College of veterinary Medicine Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150069China

African swine fever(ASF)continues to cause enormous economic loss to the global pig *** there is no safe and effective vaccine,accurate and timely diagnosis of ASF is essential to implement control *** immunofluorescence assay(IFA)is a gold standard serological method recommended by the World Organization for animal health(WOAH).In this study,we used primary fetal kidney cells to establish a wild boar cell line(BK2258)that supported the efficient replication of ASF virus(ASFV)SD/DY-I/21 and showed visible cytopathic effect(CPE).Moreover,using BK2258,we established a sensitive and specific IFA for ASFV antibody *** standardize and evaluate the performance of this assay,we used serum samples from pigs infected with the low virulent genotype I SD/DY-I/21 and genotype II HLJ/HRB1/20,and immunized with the vaccine candidate HLJ/18-7GD,field samples,and negative serum *** IFA reacted with the ASFV-positive sera and displayed bright fluorescence *** was no non-specific green fluorescence due to cellular senescence or other cell damage-causing *** to a commercial indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(iELISA),ASFV antibodies were detected 1–4 days earlier using our *** detection limits of the IFA and iELISA for the same ASFV-antibody positive serum samples were 1:25,600 and 1:6,400,respectively,indicating that the IFA is more sensitive than *** newly established IFA was highly specific and did not cross-react with sera positive for six other important porcine pathogens(i.e.,Classical swine fever virus(CSFV),Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV),Porcme circovirus type 2(PCV2),Pseudorabies virus(PRV),Foot-and-Mouth disease virus type O(FMDV/O),and Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV)).This study thus provides a sensitive,specific,and reliable detection method that is suitable for the serological diagnosis of ASF.

关键词： African swine fever antibody IFA serological method

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The evolution,pathogenicity and transmissibility of quadruple reassortant H1N2 swine influenza virus in China:A potential threat to public health

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 205-217页

作者： Xinxin Cui Jinhuan Ma Zifeng Pang Lingzhi Chi Cuishan Mai Hanlin Liu Ming Liao Hailiang Sun College of veterinary Medicine South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China Shandong Vocational animal Science and veterinary College Weifang261061China institute of animal health Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou510640China

Swine are regarded as“intermediate hosts”or“mixing vessels”of influenza viruses,capable of generating strains with pandemic *** 2020 to 2021,we conducted surveillance on swine H1N2 influenza(swH1N2)viruses in swine farms located in Guangdong,Yunnan,and Guizhou provinces in southern China,as well as Henan and Shandong provinces in northern *** systematically analyzed the evolution and pathogenicity of swH1N2 isolates,and characterized their replication and transmission *** isolated viruses are quadruple reassortant H1N2 viruses containing genes from pdm/09 H1N1(PB2,PB1,PA and NP genes),triple-reassortant swine(NS gene),Eurasian Avian-like(HA and M genes),and recent human H3N2(NA gene)*** NA,PB2,and NP of SW/188/20 and SW/198/20 show high gene similarities to A/Guangdong/Yue Fang277/2017(H3N2).The HA gene of swH1N2 exhibits a high evolutionary *** five swH1N2 isolates replicate efficiently in human,canine,and swine cells,as well as in the turbinate,trachea,and lungs of mice.A/swine/Shandong/198/2020 strain efficiently replicates in the respiratory tract of pigs and effectively transmitted among ***,these current swH1N2 viruses possess zoonotic potential,highlighting the need for strengthened surveillance of swH1N2 viruses.

关键词： Swine influenza virus(SIV) H1N2 Evolution Replication Pathogenicity Zoonotic potential

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Mulberry leaf supplementation inhibits skatole deposition by regulating gut microbiota and upregulating liver cytochrome P4501A1 expression in finishing pigs

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animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 34-44页

作者： Yuqing Sun Xiaoming Men Tianbao Lin Bo Deng Shi Zhong Jinxi Huo Kaipeng Qin Zhiqiang Lv Ziwei Xu Yougui Li institute of Sericulture and Tea Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences298 Deshengzhong RoadShangchengHangzhou 310021China institute of animal Husbandry and veterinary Science Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences298 Deshengzhong RoadShangchengHangzhou 310021China

Skatole,a strong fecal odor substance,is generated through microbial degradation of tryptophan in the animal *** easily accumulates in adipose tissue and affects meat *** this study,the effect of mulberry leaf supplementation on skatole in finishing pigs was *** a 35-day trial,20 finishing pigs(barrows and gilts)were fed with a basal diet or basal diet with 6%mulberry *** performance of the pigs(n=10)was automatically recorded by a performance-testing feeder system and 8 pigs in each treatment were slaughtered and sampled for the remaining *** and short-chain fatty acids were detected using HPLC and gas chromatography,*** microbiota were analyzed using 16S r RNA gene *** metabolomics analysis of feces and serum was performed with UHPLC-MS/*** major cytochrome P450(CYP)enzymes that catalyze skatole degradation in the liver were tested by using RT-PCR and Western *** of major bioactive compounds in mulberry leaves on the CYP genes were verified in the hepatic cell line Hep G2 in an in vitro test(n=3).In finishing pigs,mulberry leaf supplementation had no significant effect on the average daily gain,average daily feed intake,and feed conversion ratio(P>0.05),but reduced skatole levels in feces,serum,and backfat(P<0.05),and increased acetic acid levels in feces(P=0.027).Mulberry leaf supplementation decreased the relative abundance of the skatole-producing bacteria Megasphaera and Olsenella(P<0.05).Indole-3acetic acid,the intermediate that is essential for skatole production,was significantly reduced in feces by mulberry leaf supplementation(P<0.05)and was positively correlated with skatole content in feces(P=0.004).In pigs treated with mulberry leaves,liver CYP1A1 expression was increased(P<0.05)and was negatively correlated with skatole content in backfat(P=0.045).The in vitro test demonstrated that mulberry leaf polyphenols and polysaccharides could directly stimulate CYP1A1 expression in

关键词： Pig Skatole Mulberry leaf Microbiota Cytochrome P450

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