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中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Hong Chang Naosuke Hoshina Yina Ma Hengyi Cao Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg Heike Tost Xiao Xiao Tadashi Yamamoto Ming Li Key Laboratory of animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology Cell Signal Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Beijing Normal University Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Central Institute of Mental Health Medical Faculty Mannheim University of Heidelberg

Objective: Major mood disorders, which primarily include bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, are the leading cause of disability worldwide and pose a major challenge in identifying robust risk genes. Methods: An integrative analysis involving genetics, m RNA expression, cognitive performance, neuroimaging and neurobiology was performed. Results: We present data from independent large-scale clinical datasets（including 29,557 cases and 32,056 controls） revealing brain expressed protocadherin 17（PCDH17） as a susceptibility gene for major mood disorders. Single nucleotide polymorphisms（SNPs） spanning the PCDH17 region are significantly associated with major mood disorders;subjects carrying the risk allele showed impaired cognitive abilities, increased vulnerable personality features, decreased amygdala volume and altered amygdala function as compared with non-carriers. The risk allele predicted higher transcriptional levels of PCDH17 m RNA in postmortem brain samples, which is consistent with increased gene expression in patients with bipolar disorder compared with healthy subjects. Further, overexpression of PCDH17 in primary cortical neurons revealed significantly decreased spine density and abnormal dendritic morphology compared with control groups, which again is consistent with the clinical observations of reduced numbers of dendritic spines in the brains of patients with major mood disorders. Conclusions: Given that synaptic spines are dynamic structures which regulate neuronal plasticity and play crucial roles in myriad brain functions, this study reveals a potential underlying biological mechanism of a novel risk gene for major mood disorders involved in synaptic function and related intermediate phenotypes.

关键词： PCDH17 mood disorders amygdala expression dendritic spines

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Variation in the emission rate of sounds in a captive group of false killer whales Pseudorca crassidens during feedings: possible food anticipatory vocal activity?

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2016年第6期34卷 1218-1237页

作者： Sara PLATTO 王丁王克雄 Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences

This study examines whether a group of captive false killer whales(P seudorca crassidens) showed variations in the vocal rate around feeding times. The high level of motivation to express appetitive behaviors in captive animals may lead them to respond with changes of the behavioral activities during the time prior to food deliveries which are referred to as food anticipatory activity. False killer whales at Qingdao Polar Ocean World(Qingdao, China) showed signifi cant variations of the rates of both the total sounds and sound classes(whistles, clicks, and burst pulses) around feedings. Precisely, from the Transition interval that recorded the lowest vocalization rate(3.40 s/m/d), the whales increased their acoustic emissions upon trainers' arrival(13.08 s/m/d). The high rate was maintained or intensifi ed throughout the food delivery(25.12 s/m/d), and then reduced immediately after the animals were fed(9.91 s/m/d). These changes in the false killer whales sound production rates around feeding times supports the hypothesis of the presence of a food anticipatory vocal activity. Although sound rates may not give detailed information regarding referential aspects of the animal communication it might still shed light about the arousal levels of the individuals during different social or environmental conditions. Further experiments should be performed to assess if variations of the time of feeding routines may affect the vocal activity of cetaceans in captivity as well as their welfare.

关键词： false killer whales Pseudorca crassidens temporal and signaled predictability food anticipatory activity total sound rate sound classes' rate

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Adolescent social isolation influences cognitive function in adult rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第11期8卷 1025-1030页

作者： Feng Shao Xiao Han Shuang Shao Weiwen Wang Department of Psychology Peking University Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Adolescence is a critical period for neurodevelopment. Evidence from animal studies suggests that isolated rearing can exert negative effects on behavioral and brain development. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of adolescent social isolation on latent inhibition and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in the forebrain of adult rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into adolescent isolation （isolated housing, 38-51 days of age） and social groups. Latent inhibition was tested at adulthood. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were measured in the medial prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Adolescent social isolation impaired latent inhibition and increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in the medial prefrontal cortex of young adult rats. These data suggest that adolescent social isolation has a profound effect on cognitive function and neurotrophin levels in adult rats and may be used as an animal model of neurodevelopmental disorders.

关键词： neural regeneration adolescence social isolation latent inhibition brain-derived neurotrophicfactor medial prefrontal cortex nucleus accumbens adult cognitive function neurodevelopmentaldisorders grants-supported paper neuroregeneration

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SuperSAGE digital expression analysis of differential growth rate in a European sea bass population

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2019年第1期4卷 17-26页

作者： Bruno Louro Rute S.T.Martins Patricia I.S.Pinto Richard Reinhardt Dirk-Jan de Koning Adelino V.M.Canario Deborah M.Power CCMAR-Centre of Marine Sciences University of AlgarveCampus de GambelasFaro 8005-139Portugal Max Planck Genome Centre Carl-von-Linne-Weg 10Köln 50829Germany The Roslin institute and R(D)SVS University of EdinburghEaster BushMidlothian EH259RGScotland UK Department of animal Breeding and Genetics Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesBox 7023Uppsala 75007Sweden

One of the goals of the aquaculture industry is to understand and control growth associated traits through selective *** the present study the molecular basis of growth heterogeneity in the European sea bass(Dicentrarchus labrax)was *** establish growth heterogeneity in a group of hatchery bred sea bass individuals were tagged and their specific growth rates(SGR)determined at monthly *** expression in the brain,liver and white muscle from fish with the most divergent sustained SGR(6 individuals of the first and last quartile)was assessed using SuperSAGE(Serial Analysis Gene Expression)combined with next generation SOLiD4 sequencing.A total of approx.11 million edited tags(26 bp),on average 2 million tags per SAGE library,that represented 47.071 unique transcripts were *** of transcripts in fish with high and low SGR yielded 344,698 and 601 differently expressed tags(0.01%false discovery rate and 4-fold change)in brain,liver and muscle,*** tags were mapped onto the sea bass genome and approximately one third of the tags could be assigned to annotated *** enrichment analysis revealed in liver,muscle and brain intricate gene expression changes in endocrine regulatory pathways involved in growth,metabolic and the stress axis,underlying divergent SGR in sea bass.

关键词： European sea bass Specific growth rate Gene expression SuperSAGE Pathways

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nduction of M2-1ike macrophages in recipient NOD-scid mice by allogeneic donor CD4＋CD25＋ regulatory T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2012年第6期9卷 464-472页

作者： Xuelian Hu Guangwei Liu Yuzhu Hou Jianfeng Shi Linnan Zhu Di Jin Jianxia Peng Yong Zhao State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

CD4＋CD25＋ regulatory T cells （Tregs） play an important role in maintaining host immune tolerance via regulation of the phenotype and function of the innate and adaptive immune cells. Whether allogeneic CD4＋CD25＋ Tregs can regulate recipient mouse macrophages is unknown. The effect of allogeneic donor CD4＋CD25＋ Tregs on recipient mouse resident F4/80＋macrophages was investigated using a mouse model in which allogeneic donor CD4＋CD25＋ Tregs were adoptively transferred into the peritoneal cavity of host NOD-scid mice. The phenotype and function of the recipient macrophages were then assayed. The peritoneal F4/80＋ macrophages in the recipient mice that received the allogeneic CD4＋CD25＋ Tregs expressed significantly higher levels of CD23 and programmed cell death-ligand I（PD-L1） and lower levels of CD80, CD86, CD40 and MHC II molecules compared to the mice that received either allogeneic CD4＋CD25- T cells （Teffs） or no cells. The resident F4/80＋ macrophages of the recipient mice injected with the allogeneic donor CD4＋CD25＋ Tregs displayed significantly increased phagocytosis of chicken red blood cells （cRBCs） and arginase activity together with increased IL-IO production, whereas these macrophages also showed decreased immunogenicity and nitric oxide （NO） production. Blocking arginase partially but significantly reversed the effects of CD4＋CD25＋ Tregs with regard to the induction of the M2 macrophages in vivo. Therefore, the allogeneic donor CD4＋CD25＋ Tregs can induce the M2 macrophages in recipient mice at least in part via an arginase pathway. We have provided in vivo evidence to support the unknown pathways by which allogeneic donor CD4＋CD25＋ Tregs regulate innate immunity in recipient mice by promoting the differentiation of M2 macrophages.

关键词： alternatively activated macrophages arginase classically activated macrophages immune tolerance mouse transplanta-tion

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The effect of monoamines reuptake inhibitors on aerobic exercise performance in bank voles from a selection experiment

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Current Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 409-419页

作者： Ewa Jaromin Edyta T. Sadowska Pawet Koteja institute of Environ metal Sciences Jagiellonian University 7 Gronostajowa Street 30-387 Krakow Poland

Exercise performance depends on both physiological abilities (e.g., muscle strength) and behavioral characteristics (e.g., motivati on). We tested the hypothesis that evoluti on of in creased aerobic exercise performanee can be facilitated by evolution of neuropsychological mechanisms responsible for motivation to undertake physical activity. We used a unique model system: lines of bank voles Myodes glareolus selected for high swim-induced aerobic metabolism ("aerobic" A lines). In gen eration 21, voles from the 4 A lines achieved a 57% higher /y voluntary maximum" swiminduced aerobic metabolism (V02swim) than voles from 4 unselected,"control" C lines. In C lines, V02swim was 9% lower than the maximum forced-exercise aerobic metabolism (VO2run;P= 0.007), while in A lines it was even higher than VO2run, although not significantly (4%, P=0.15). Thus, we hypothesized that selection changed both the aerobic capacity and the neuronal mechanisms behi nd motivation to un dertake activity. We investigated the influe nee of reuptake in hibitors of dopamine (DARI), serotonin (SSRI), and norepinephrine (NERI) on VOaSwim. The drugs decreased V02swim both in C and A lines (% decrease compared with saline: DARI 8%, Panimal model.

关键词： experimental evolution monoamines motivation physical activity selective breeding voluntary exercise

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Rapid generation of ACE2 humanized inbred mouse model for COVID-19 with tetraploid complementation

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National Science Review 2021年第2期8卷 14-16页

作者： Feng-Liang Liu Kaixin Wu Jiaoyang Sun Zilei Duan Xiongzhi Quan Junqi Kuang Shilong Chu Wei Pang Han Gao Ling Xu Ying-Chang Li Hai-Lin Zhang Xue-Hui ang Rong-Hua Luo Xiao-Li Feng Hans R.Sch?ler Xinwen Chen Duanqing Pei Guangming Wu Yong-Tang Zheng Jiekai Chen Key Laboratory of animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Center for Cell Fate and Lineage (CCLA) Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory) CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Developmental Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical University Central Laboratory The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityQingyuan People's Hospital University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Joint School of Life Science Guangzhou Medical University Kunming National High-level Biosafety Research Center for Non-human Primates Center for Biosafety Mega-ScienceKunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academic of Sciences Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine Medical Faculty University of Münster

Although monkeys and pigs can be infected with SARS-Co V-2, they generally have a long growth cycle and a large size that is difficult to handle in large quantities. However, the readily available rats and mice are not susceptible to SARSCo V-2 because of differences in ACE2(angiotensin-converting enzyme 2), the receptor mediating cell entry of SARSCo V-2 [1]. Thus, the key to establishing a mouse model of COVID-19 is to make the mice express human ACE2 protein, and therefore become SARS-Co V-2 *** reported COVID-19 mouse models using a random insertion transgene approach [2,3] or adenoviral approach to express h ACE2 [4], lack the tissue-specificity of h ACE2 expression and might not replicate COVID-19 precisely, limiting their applications in certain studies.

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Establishment of a rat model with diet-induced coronary atherosclerosis

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2017年第1期31卷 47-55页

作者： Mingming Gao Guo Xin Xu Qiu Yuhui Wang George Liu institute of Cardiovascular Sciences Peking University and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences Administration of Education Beijing 100191 China institute of Cardiovascular Sciences Peking University Beijing 100191 China

Coronary atherosclerotic disease is a serious disease in humans,but no suitable animal model is available currently for further *** used apolipoprotein E gene knockout（ApoE KO） rats to induce hypercholesterolemia through a special high cholesterol/bile salt diet（Paigen diet）,then analyzed aortic and coronaiy atherosclerosis lesions and the myocardial injury in order to establish a novel small animal model of coronary *** cholesterol of ApoE KO rats increased 7.6-fold compared with wild-type rats after 8 weeks on the Paigen *** 10 to 12 weeks of subsisting on the Paigen diet,ApoE KO rats developed mild aortic atherosclerosis with severe coronary *** and eosin staining showed that 11 out of 12 ApoE KO male rats had right coronary artery atherosclerosis,7 of them were〉70%*** Red O（Lipid Stain）,Mac2 immuno-staining and Masson＇s tnchrome staining demonstrated substantial amounts of lipid,macrophages and collagen fibers in coronary atherosclerosis *** addition,ApoE KO male rats had severe myocardial focal lesions with cholesterol ester as the main component in the *** conclusion,ApoE KO rats developed severe hypercholesterolemia,coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial cholesterol ester deposition after subsisting on the Paigen diet and can be used as a novel animal model for studies on cholesterol metabolism and coronary atherosclerotic disease.

关键词： ApoE knockout rats hypercholesterolemia coronary atherosclerosis

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Hydroelectrolytic and Energetic Replenisher in Horses Undergoing Marcha Training

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第8期14卷 203-216页

作者： José D. Ribeiro Filho Bruna M. Ribeiro Micheline O. Silva Samuel R. Alves Anaïs C. Benitez Waleska M. F. Dantas Marcel F. B. Avanza Raffaella B. C. Teixeira Pedro Ancelmo N. Ermita Laice A. Silva Rinaldo B. Viana Hélio C. Manso Filho Department of Veterinary Federal University of Viosa Viosa Brazil institute of Studies of the Wet Tropic Federal University of Southern and Southeastern Par Xinguara Brazil Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil institute of animal Health and Production Federal Rural University of Amazonia Belm Brazil Zootecnics Department Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil

The study aimed to assess the clinical, laboratory, and blood gas analysis of horses undergoing Marcha training and the effects of voluntary ingestion of hydroelectrolytic and energy replenishers after exercise. Eight horses of both genders aged between 5 and 10 years, were included in the study. The exercise consisted of a 10-min warm-up followed by 45 min uninterrupted Marcha on a flat dirt track in the morning. After exercise, the horses received one of the following treatments: Drinking water (control group);Hydroelectrolytic and energy replenisher containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium acetate, magnesium chloride, sodium citrate, dextrose, maltodextrin, and sucrose in three different concentrations (Replenishers A, B, and C). The horses were distributed across the four treatments in a 4 × 4 Latin Squares design using a Split-plot system with 48-hr intervals. Clinical and laboratory evaluations were conducted at four time points: T0 - 5 min before exercise;T1 - up to 5 min after exercise;T2 - 2 hr after starting treatment;and T4 - 4 hr after beginning treatment. Concentrations of urea, creatinine, lactate, phosphorus, and ionized calcium significantly changed after exercise. An increase in blood pH and a decrease in chloride concentrations were observed when replenishers B and C were offered after exercise. The replacements were ingested spontaneously by the animals in a volume greater than that of the control group (water). Replacement B was the most ingested by the animals, demonstrating its greatest potential.

关键词： Dehydration Electrolyte Replacement Exercise Rehydration Voluntary Intake

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Potential ability of xanthophylls to prevent obesityassociated cancer

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World Journal of Pharmacology 2014年第4期3卷 140-152页

作者： Masaru Terasaki Michihiro Mutoh Gen Fujii Mami Takahashi Rikako Ishigamori Sonoko Masuda Department of Health and Environmental Sciences School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Health Sciences University of Hokkaido Ishikari-Tobetsu Hokkaido 061-0293 Japan Division of Cancer Prevention Research National Cancer Center Research Institute Chuo-ku Tokyo 104-0045 Japan Central animal Division National Cancer Center Research Institute Chuo-ku Tokyo 104-0045 Japan

Obesity-associated cancers, including colon cancer and breast cancer, are increasing in Asian countries with Westernized lifestyles as exemplified by reduced physical activity and increased fat/sugar consumption. An excessive accumulation of visceral adipose tissue causes insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and adipocytokine imbalance, and these factors are suggested to be involved in cancer promotion. To prevent obesityassociated cancers, researcher attention is increasing on the so-called "functional foods". In addition, new approaches to cancer control are in high demand, and using "functional foods" as supplemental or adjuvant agents in chemotherapy is thought to be a promising approach. One of these functional ingredients is xanthophylls, which are natural fat-soluble pigments found in fruits, vegetables, algae and other plants. Xanthophylls belong to the carotenoid class and have struc-tures containing oxygen. Some studies have revealed that xanthophylls improve the inflammation status, serum triglyceride levels, blood pressure levels and liver function test values. Furthermore, recent studies show that xanthophylls possess high anti-cancer, antidiabetic, anti-obesity and anti-oxidant properties. In this review, we highlight the recent findings for five xanthophylls, namely astaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, fucoxanthin, neoxanthin and zeaxanthin/lutein, and their relevance to cancer prevention.

关键词： Cancer prevention Xanthophylls

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