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Global intensification of weak tropical cyclones in the past 30 years

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 639-640页

作者： Dake CHEN State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China Southern marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519000Chin

The response of tropical cyclones(TCs)to climate change is a hot topic in ocean and atmosphere *** theoretical analysis and numerical experiments indicated that the intensity of TCs may increase with global warming(Emanuel,1987;Knutson and Tuleya,2004),which however has not been convincingly validated by presently available observations(Landsea,2005;Pielke,2005).Using a huge amount of global ocean surface drifter data,Wang et al.

关键词： tropical ocean cyclones

The suitability assessment on site selection for bottom seeding scallop culture based on analytic hierarchy process

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第2期42卷 647-663页

作者： Ziniu ZHANG Zhenyan WANG Guihua LI Meihan ZHAO Wenjian LI School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Key Laboratory of marine Geology and environment Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for marine Mineral Resources National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Scallop culture is an important way of bottom-seeding marine ranching,which is of great significance to improve the current situation of fishery ***,there are some problems in site-selection evaluation of marine ranching,such as imperfect criteria system,complex structure,untargeted criteria quantification,*** addition,no site-selection evaluation method of bottom-seeding culture areas for scallops is ***,we established a hierarchy structure model according to the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)theory,in which social,physical,chemical,and biological environments are used as main criteria,and marine functional zonation,water depth,current,water temperature,salinity,substrate type,water quality,sediment quality,red tide,phytoplankton,and zooplankton are used as sub-criteria,on which a multi-parameter evaluation system is set ***,the dualism method,assignment method,and membership function method were used to quantify sub-criteria,and a quantitative evaluation for the entire criteria was added,including the evaluation and analysis of two types of unsuitable environmental *** overall consideration in scallop yield,quality,and marine ranching construction objectives,the weight of the main criteria could be *** grades in the suitability corresponding to the evaluation result were divided,and the Python language was used to create an evaluation system for efficient calculation and intuitive presentation of the evaluation *** marine cases were simulated based on existing survey data,and the results prove that the method is feasible for evaluating and analyzing the site selection of bottom-seeding culture areas for scallops under various environmental *** proposed evaluation method can be promoted for the site selection of bottom-seeding marine *** study provided theoretical and methodological references for the site selection evaluation of other types of marine ranching.

关键词： marine ranching bottom-seeding scallops site selection evaluation analytic hierarchy process evaluation system

Sources appointment and health risks of PM_(2.5)-bound trace elements in a coastal city of southeastern China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 561-571页

作者： Ziyi Lin Xiaolong Fan Gaojie Chen Youwei Hong Mengren Li Lingling Xu Baoye Hu Chen Yang Yanting Chen Zhiqian Shao Jinsheng Chen Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Key Lab of Urban environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy ofSciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000China

To gain a comprehensive understanding of sources and health risks of trace elements in an area of China with high population densities and low PM_(2.5)concentrations,15 trace elements(Al,K,Ca,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Sn,Ba,Pb)in PM_(2.5)were monitored from December 2020 to November 2021 in a representative city,*** concentrations of trace elements in Xiamen displayed an obvious seasonal variation and were dominated by K,Fe,Al,Ca and *** on Positive Matrix Factorization analysis,source appointment revealed that the major sources of trace elements in Xiamen were traffic,dust,biomass and firework combustion,industrial manufacture and shipping *** to health risk assessment combined with the source appointment results,it indicated that the average noncarcinogenic risk was below the threshold and cancer risk of four hazardous metals(Cr,Ni,As,Pb)exceeded the threshold(10^(-6)).Traffic-related source had almost half amount of contribution to the health risk induced by PM_(2.5)-bound trace *** the dust transport period or Spring Festival period,the health risks exceeded an acceptable threshold even an order of magnitude higher,suggesting that the serious health risks still existed in low PM_(2.5)environment at certain *** risk assessment reminded that the health risk reduction in PM_(2.5)at southeastern China should prioritize traffic-related hazardous trace elements and highlighted the importance of controlling vehicles emissions in the future.

关键词： PM_(2.5)-bound trace elements Seasonal variations Source appointment Health risks Traffic-related source

Full T-cell activation and function in teleosts require collaboration of first and co-stimulatory signals

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 13-24页

作者： Wei Liang Kang Li Haiyou Gao Kunming Li Jiansong Zhang Qian Zhang Xinying Jiao Jialong Yang Xiumei Wei State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and coastal Research School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Laboratory for marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong 266237China

Mammalian T-cell responses require synergism between the first signal and co-stimulatory ***,whether and how dual signaling regulates the T-cell response in early vertebrates remains *** the present study,we discovered that the Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)encodes key components of the LAT signalosome,namely,LAT,ITK,GRB2,VAV1,SLP-76,GADS,and PLC-γ*** components are evolutionarily conserved,and CD3εmAb-induced T-cell activation markedly increased their ***,at least ITK,GRB2,and VAV1 were found to interact with LAT for signalosome *** of the first signal,the NF-κB,MAPK/ERK,and PI3K-AKT pathways were activated upon CD3εmAb ***,treatment of lymphocytes with CD28 mAbs triggered the AKT-mTORC1 pathway downstream of the co-stimulatory *** CD3εand CD28 mAb stimulation enhanced ERK1/2 and S6 phosphorylation and elevated NFAT1,c-Fos,IL-2,CD122,and CD44 expression,thereby signifying T-cell ***,rather than relying on the first or co-stimulatory signal alone,both signals were required for T-cell *** T-cell activation was accompanied by marked apoptosis and cytotoxic *** findings suggest that tilapia relies on dual signaling to maintain an optimal T-cell response,providing a novel perspective for understanding the evolution of the adaptive immune system.

关键词： Oreochromis niloticus CD3 CD28 T cells Adaptive immunity Evolution

Role of Stokes Drift in Ocean Dynamics Under Typhoon Conditions in the Bohai Sea

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第1期23卷 33-45页

作者： LI Haoqian WAN Kai WANG Menghan DENG Zeng’an CAO Yu North China Sea marine Forecasting Center Qingdao 266061China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of marine Ecology and environment&Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Qingdao 266061China North China Sea Offshore Engineering Survey institute Qingdao 266061China School of marine Science and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China South China Sea marine Forecasting Center Guangzhou 510006China

The effect of Stokes drift production(SDP),which includes Coriolis-Stokes forcing,Langmuir circulation,and Craik-Lei-bovich vortexes,on the upper ocean during typhoon passage in the Bohai Sea(BS),China,is investigated by using a coupled wave-current *** role of SDP in turbulent mixing and the further dynamics during the entire typhoon period are comprehensively *** results show that SDP greatly increases turbulent mixing at all depths under typhoon conditions by up to seven times that under normal weather *** generally strengthens sea surface cooling by more than 0.4℃,with the maximum reduction in sea surface temperature(SST)at the during-typhoon stage exceeding 2℃,which is approximately seven times larger than that under normal weather *** SDP-induced decrease in current speed can exceed 0.2ms^(-1),and the change in current direction is generally opposite the wind *** results suggest that Stokes drift depresses the effect of strong winds on currents by intensifying turbulent *** layer depth(MLD)is distinctly increased by O(1)during typhoons due to SDP and can deepen by more than *** addition,the continuous effects of SDP on SST,current,and MLD at the after-typhoon stage indi-cate a hysteretic response between SDP and typhoon actions.

关键词： Stokes drift production Langmuir turbulence rurbulent mixing typhoon coupled model

Total-factor energy efficiency of ten major global energy-consuming countries

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 41-52页

作者： Xuan Wang Yonglong Lu Chunci Chen Xiaojie Yi Haotian Cui State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Centre for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of marine environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for coastal Wetland Ecosystems College of the Environment and EcologyXiamen UniversityFujian 361102China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Improving energy efficiency is regarded as a key path to tackling global warming and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).In 2020,the energy consumption of the world's ten major energy-consuming countries accounted for 66.8%of the global *** paper applied data envelopment analysis(DEA)to calculate these ten major energyconsuming countries'total-factor energy efficiency(TFEE)at national and sectoral levels from 2001-2020,and explored the infuencing factors of total-factor energy efficiency with the Tobit regression *** results showed significant difference in the ten countries'energy *** United States and Germany topped the list for total-factor energy efficiency,while China and India were at the ***,the energy efficiency of the industrial subsector has increased significantly over the past two decades,while that of the other subsectors has been relatively *** industrial structure upgrading,per capita GDP,energy consumption structure,and foreign direct investment had significant impacts on energy efficiency with national *** consumption structure and GDP per capita were determinative factors of energy efficiency.

关键词： Total-factor energy efficiency SBM-UN model Major energy-consuming country Carbon emission reduction

Spatiotemporal variation and freeze-thaw asymmetry of Arctic sea ice in multiple dimensions during 1979 to 2020

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第3期43卷 102-114页

作者： Yu Guo Xiaoli Wang He Xu Xiyong Hou CAS Key Laboratory of coastal environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264003China Shandong Key Laboratory of coastal environmental Processes Yantai 264003China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Arctic sea ice is broadly regarded as an indicator and amplifier of global climate *** rapid changes in Arctic sea ice have been widely ***,the spatiotemporal changes in the horizontal and vertical dimensions of Arctic sea ice and its asymmetry during the melt and freeze seasons are rarely quantified simultaneously based on multiple sources of the same long time *** this study,the spatiotemporal variation and freeze-thaw asymmetry of Arctic sea ice were investigated from both the horizontal and vertical dimensions during 1979–2020 based on remote sensing and assimilation *** results indicated that Arctic sea ice was declining at a remarkably high rate of–5.4×10^(4) km^(2)/a in sea ice area(SIA)and–2.2 cm/a in sea ice thickness(SIT)during 1979 to 2020,and the reduction of SIA and SIT was the largest in summer and the smallest in ***,compared with other sub-regions,SIA showed a sharper declining trend in the Barents Sea,Kara Sea,and East Siberian Sea,while SIT presented a larger downward trend in the northern Canadian Archipelago,northern Greenland,and the East Siberian *** to the seasonal trend of sea ice on sub-region scale,the reduction rate of SIA exhibited an apparent spatial heterogeneity among seasons,especially in summer and winter,i.e.,the sub-regions linked to the open ocean exhibited a higher decline rate in winter;however,the other sub-regions blocked by the coastlines presented a greater decline rate in *** SIT,the sub-regions such as the Beaufort Sea,East Siberian Sea,Chukchi Sea,Central Arctic,and Canadian Archipelago always showed a higher downward rate in all ***,a striking freeze-thaw asymmetry of Arctic sea ice was also *** sea ice changes in different dimensions,sea ice over most regions in the Arctic showed an early retreat and rapid advance in the horizontal dimension but late melting and gradual freezing in the vertical *** amount of sea ice me

关键词： Arctic sea ice sea ice area sea ice thickness spatiotemporal variation freeze-thaw asymmetry

Experimental clearance rate and intraguild predation of jellyfish Cyanea nozakii

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 128-140页

作者： Pengpeng WANG Fang ZHANG Song SUN Shuguo LÜ CAS Key Laboratory of marine Ecology and environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for marine Ecology and environmental Sciences Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Jiaozhou Bay marine Ecosystem Research Station Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China institute of marine Ecology and environment Hainan Academy of Environmental SciencesHaikou 570100China

Cyanea nozakii,a common jellyfish distributed in offshore China,has a complex trophic relationship with other zooplankton ***,few studies have reported the predation rates and prey selection patterns of *** medusae on different prey *** is also lacking on the intraguild predation of Aurelia coerulea(another common bloom jellyfish in offshore China)by *** address the knowledge gaps,the clearance rates of *** for different prey items,including copepods(small1000μm),fish larvae,and gelatinous prey(hydromedusae,*** ephyrae,and chaetognaths),were *** influence of predator size on the clearance rate was also ***,we examined the intraguild predation of *** on *** *** clearance rates of *** varied widely with prey organisms,being independent of prey *** organisms,except for chaetognaths,were captured with considerably high efficiency,followed by fish larvae and copepods,indicating the preferential prey selection of gelatinous organisms by *** clearance rate increased linearly with the cross-sectional area of *** size in medusae may,to some extents,underpin their capacity to capture more prey by increasing the encounter rate and capture success through *** preyed voraciously on *** in high feeding efficiency,but the clearance rate decreased with increasing ***(as prey)*** phenomenon of intraguild predation suggests a speculative hypothesis of potential population regulation of *** by *** information regarding the feeding ecology of *** reported in this study is important for understanding plankton dynamics in marine ecosystems with extensive occurrences of this jellyfish.

关键词： Scyphomedusae predation rate gelatinous organisms prey selection feeding mechanism

Discovery of the Significant Impacts of Swell Propagation on Global Wave Climate Change

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 594-604页

作者： ZHENG Chongwei Dalian Naval Academy Dalian 116018China marine Resources and environment Research Group on the Maritime Silk Road Dalian 116018China

This study compared the differences in the wave climate in the South China Sea and North Indian Ocean under these two datasets:ERA-40 wave reanalysis and Mei’s hindcast wave *** the numerical calculation of regional ocean waves,the wave climate characteristics exhibited significant bias if the influence of external swells(swells from afar)was not fully considered,which may provide an incorrect basis for global climate change analysis.1)The trends of the significant wave height(SWH)obtained from the two datasets showed significant differences,such as those of the Bay of Bengal and the Java Sea in *** the past 45 years,SWH from ERA-40(SWH-ERA)exhibited a significant annual increase in low-latitude waters of the North Indian Ocean(0.2-0.6 cm yr^(-1))and South China Sea(0.2-0.8 cm yr^(-1)).2)In the Bay of Bengal,the SWH-ERA in each month was generally 0.5 m higher than the SWH from Mei’s hindcast wave data(SWH-Mei)and can reach 1.0 m higher in some months.3)In the Bay of Bengal,SWH-ERA and SWH-Mei increased significantly at annual rates of 0.13 and 0.27 cm yr^(-1),*** increasing trend was mainly reflected after ***-ERA showed a trough in 1975(1.33 m)and a crest in 1992(1.83 m),which were not reflected in SWH-Mei.

关键词： wave climate climatic trend monthly variation annual variation external swell