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Racial Disparities in the United States Criminal Justice System:“With Liberty and Justice for All?”

Journal of Philosophy Study 2019年第7期9卷 424-430页

作者： Remi Alapo David Rockefeller institute for peace and leadership inc. New YorkUSA

Racial discrimination remains a prevalent issue in the contemporary U.S.despite efforts to promote equality.Many young African American and Hispanic males are easy target for law enforcement agents.Minorities experience a higher and more unfair form of racial discrimination,racial profiling,police brutality,unfair sentencing,and mass inc.rceration for offences which are the same or less than those committed by White males.The rate of inc.rceration in the United States is five to eight times higher than most developed countries,and Black males constitute the largest percentage of inmates in the U.S.prison system.Once arrested,Black Americans are more likely to remain in prison longer,and await trial for minor offenses at a higher rate than Whites.Black and Latino males sentenced in state and federal courts face significantly greater odds of inc.rceration than White offenders for the same or even higher crimes.Vagins and McCurdy in a 2006 ACLU on“cracks in the system”reported that“There is no rational medical or penological reason for the 100:1 disparity between crack and powder cocaine and instead it causes an unjustified racial disparity in our penal system”(p.7).There is a racial disparity in the proportion of Black males in prison serving sentences of life without the possibility of parole(LWOP).In addition,The United States Criminal Justice System needs to be carefully examined as a top priority agenda needing immediate call of action that needs reform to guarantee the constitutional rights accorded to every American“with liberty and justice for all”.

关键词： civil rights civil liberties criminal justice reform racial inequalities Fair Sentencing Act(FSA) massinc.rceration racial discrimination prison privatization racism racial disparity racial justice reparations SenateBill S6098A U.S Criminal Justice System U.S.Prison System

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The State of White Supremacy in America:It Is Time to Stand Together

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2019年第5期9卷 287-291页

作者： Remi Alapo David Rockefeller institute for peace and leadership Inc.New YorkUSA

The United States has numerous social-cultural issues affecting its population.One of these problems is white supremacy.This concept refers to a racist perception that white persons are naturally superior to individuals of other races and should thus dominate them.While white supremacy in previous centuries galvanized a lot of support among white people,the concept is now regarded vicious by white,African American,Latino as well as other races.The modern American society is structured under cultural sensitiveness,racial equality,and religious tolerance.Unlike the years of slavery or reconstruction,all citizens in the United States are afforded equal rights irrespective of their cultural identities.Nevertheless,white supremacist notions persist in a nation that prides itself for its democratic model,cultural diversity,religious tolerance and socioeconomic transcendence.The state of white supremacy is that America can be manifested by violence,imperialistic tendencies,discrimination in the society,unfair immigration policies,poor political leadership,and the deplorable role of the media.With the growing number of atrocities being committed around the United States by both members of identified and non-identified white supremacist group,it is time to address this issue together.This paper,is a constructive discussion venting the many ills of racial discrimination in every aspect that affects minorities at all spheres of the society and the deplorable state of white supremacy in America.

关键词： discrimination hate crime human rights immigration racial disparities racial justice racism reparations stereotype superiority complex US imperialism white fragility visible minorities white supremacy xenophobia

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The Russian Navy is Adrift in the Syrian Doldrums

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2017年第11期5卷 643-649页

作者： Pavel K. Baev peace Research institute Oslo (PRIO) Oslo Norway

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C30F12.4 influences oogenesis, fat metabolism, and lifespan in C. elegans

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Protein & Cell 2016年第10期7卷 714-721页

作者： Lu Wang Fei Xu Guishuan Wang Xiaorong Wang Ajuan Liang Hefeng Huang Fei Sun International peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital Shanghai Key laboratory for Reproductive Medicine School of Medicine Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 China School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China

Reproduction, fat metabolism, and longevity are inter- twined regulatory axes; recent studies in C. elegans have provided evidence that these processes are directly coupled. However, the mechanisms by which they are coupled and the reproductive signals modu- lating fat metabolism and lifaspan are poorly under- stood. Here, we find that an oogenesis-enriched gene, c30PI2.4, is specifically expressed and located in germ cells and early embryos; when the gene is knocked out, oogenesis is disrupted and brood size is decreased. In addition to the reproductive phenotype, we find that the loss of c30f12.4 alters fat metabolism, resulting in decreased fat storage and smaller lipid droplets. Mean- while, c30f12.4 mutant worms display a shortened lifaspan. Our results highlight an important role for c30f12.4 in regulating reproduction, fat homeostasis, and aging in C. elegans, which helps us to better understand the relationship between these processes.

关键词： C30F12.4 oogenesis fat metabolism,lifespan

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The Shift in the Malaysian Politics and Our Changing Narrative

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peace 2018年第4期 70-71页

作者： Lau Zheng Zhou Asian Strategy & leadership institute Center for Public Policy StudiesMalaysia

Good morning,ladies and gentlemen,On behalf of the Asian Strategy&leadership institute or ASLI, I would like to thank the organizer for inviting me to speak. ASLI is the top think-tank in Malaysia,and we have been con... 详细信息

关键词： the Malaysian Politics Narrative ASLI

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Rethinking National Security Strategies in Africa

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2021年第1期9卷 1-17页

作者： Luka Kuol Joel Amegboh Africa Center for Strategic Studies WashingtonUSA Peace Research Institute Oslo(PIRO)OsloNorway Africa Center for Strategic Studies WashingtonUSA

The delivery of security to state and citizens will continue to be the daunting task facing nation states in Africa.Many African countries are becoming inc.easingly unable to deliver security to their citizens and in some instances;states themselves have become sources of insecurity.This is attributed less to the evolving security threats exacerbated by megatrends but more to the governance deficit manifested in weak social contract and strategic leadership that are short supply in many African countries.Despite a well-articulated security and defense policy of the African Union with a call for its member states to do the same,there is a dearth of national security strategies in most African states.This is largely attributed not only to the lack of effective implementation mechanisms of such policy but importantly to the absence of tools to help member states to craft and implement their national security strategies.There is a convinc.ng wealth of evidence that shows a well-designed and inc.usive process of developing national security strategies enables decision-makers to better confront the security threats and improve effective delivery of security to all citizens and state.Such a process provides an invaluable opportunity as well for forging a new social contract between state and its people.This article is an attempt to contribute to rethinking of how security could be perceived,planned,and delivered to the citizens in Africa.

关键词： Africa Security Policy Strategy Human Security State Security Security Threats

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A Bridge Too Far?Comparative Reflections on St.Paul and Confucius

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Frontiers of Education in China 2012年第3期7卷 338-346页

作者： Ruth HAYHOE Department of leadership Higher and Adult EducationOntario Institute for Studies in EducationUniversity of TorontoToronto M5S N6Canada

This paper is a personal reflection on a lifetime experience of bridging the values and ideas of two distinc.ive faith traditions:the Christian and the Confucian.The author has chosen to focus on the lives and beliefs of two great teachers:St.Paul in Europe of the first century CE and Confucius in China of the 5th century BCE First the context in which they lived their lives is sketched out and then their core messages are abstracted from the texts they left behind and juxtaposed.Of particular interest is the way in which they viewed the end of life,given the fact that neither could have known the enormous influence their teachings were to have on future generations.

关键词： faith traditions peace justice core values of education

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Women as Ambassadors of peace in Times of Political Mayhems in Kenya

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Journal of Sociology Study 2023年第3期13卷 149-160页

作者： Martin Olando Wesonga Bishop Hannington institute of Theology and Development MombasaKenya

The article sets out to show that women are critical players in peace building in Kenya,especially in times of political turmoil.Certainly,several African countries have experienced bouts of violence that are always caused by divergent political ideologies amongst its leadership.In most African countries where there is violence,male politicians are always seen as its key promoters;even though it remains an irony that it is women and children who bear the brunt.UNSCR 1325 affirms that peace and security efforts are sustainable when women are equal partners in the prevention of violent conflict and the forging of lasting peace.To control political violence reasonably,it is advisable to encourage the society to put more women political leaderships.In this,the article argues,it will promote good governance and good stewardship of our resources.Curiously,women have not been able to occupy key political positions in Kenya,and face a lot of male-engineered frustrations that are meant to discourage them from electoral politics.To this end,this article will examine the factors that hinder women from securing key positions in the governance of the country such as those of the president,the deputy president,the prime minister,speaker of the national assembly and of the senate,and so on.The article will also discuss how women can overcome the factors that hinder them from taking over political leaderships,and how they can use their skills to usher in peace and prosperity.The methodology will inc.ude critical analysis of the state of the nation,and attempt to deconstruct the status quo.

关键词： governance peace violence women African politics

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CHINA-JAPAN RELATIONS AFTER PRIME MINISTER ABE'S VISIT TO CHINA

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Contemporary World 2019年第1期 45-48页

作者： LIU JIANGYONG institute of International Relations Tsinghua University

2018 marked the 40th anniversary of the signing of China:Japan peace land Friendship Treaty and alsd the 4oth anniversary of China's reform and opening-up.China-Japan relations entered a new stage,a major mark of which was the resumption of exchange of official leadership visits between the two countries that had been interrupted for years.Following Chinese Premier Li Keqiang's successful visit to Japan in May 2018.

关键词： CHINA JAPAN RELATIONS

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Searching for a Model of Good leadership in the Light of Exodus 18:12-27 and African Culture

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Cultural and Religious Studies 2021年第4期9卷 176-188页

作者： Ignatius M.C.Obinwa Catholic institute of West Africa Port HarcourtNigeria

It is an undeniable fact that the success or the failure of any given society or community of human beings depends largely on who controls the affairs of that group.A leader without a clear vision and setting objectives simply drags the group being led into turmoil,while a good leadership paves the way to upward movement of a group of human beings under such a leadership.Searching for a model of good leadership becomes then a serious need in any human society sinc. success is desired by everybody.This study has therefore searched for a recommendable or model of good leadership in the light of Exodus 18:12-27 and African culture.The biblical text was studied as a narrative peace dealing with the change of leadership style by Moses,the ancient leader of the Israelites.He changed from the sole-actor style of leadership to a collaborative and democratic type due to the good advice given to him by Jethro,his father-in-law.This type,in which there was decentralisation of leadership authority,was found to be beneficial to all involved,because the work of the leader(Moses)was made lighter and the led got quicker services.African concepts of leadership were also studied,and it was found out that the African/Igbo democratic style is highly recommendable because it is caring;it has good“listening ears”and excludes dictatorship,without degenerating to the laissez-faire type of leadership.Of the various types of leadership styles examined,the democratic,collaborative type ranks first as recommendable.The Jesus-model of leadership as entailing love and service rather than exploitation,as well as the transparency model of leadership offered by St.Paul in the NT,present themselves as models of good leadership.A good leader serves the interest of the group under his/her charge and not his or her selfish and nepotistic interest.

关键词： Model of good leadership Exodus 18 African Culture Democratic leadership style Collaboration

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