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Biotoxicity dynamic change and key toxic organics identification of coal chemical wastewater along a novel full-scale treatment process

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 277-287页

作者： Weiwei Ma Xiaoqi Zhang Hongjun Han Xueqing Shi Qiaoping Kong Tong Yu Fei Zhao School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China State Key Laboratory of urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

It is particularly important to comprehensively assess the biotoxicity variation of industrial wastewater along the treatment process for ensuring the water environment ***,intensive studies on the biotoxicity reduction of industrial wastewater are still *** this study,the toxic organics removal and biotoxicity reduction of coal chemical wastewater(CCW)along a novel full-scale treatment process based on the pretreatment process-anaerobic process-biological enhanced(BE)process-anoxic/oxic(A/O)process-advanced treatment process was *** process performed great removal efficiency of COD,total phenol,NH_(4)^(+)-N and total *** the biotoxicity variation along the treatment units was analyzed from the perspective of acute biotoxicity,genotixicity and oxidative *** results indicated that the effluent of pretreatment process presented relatively high acute biotoxicity to Tetrahymena *** the acute biotoxicity was significantly reduced in BE-A/O *** the genotoxicity and oxidative damage to Tetrahymena thermophila were significantly decreased after advanced *** polar organics in CCW were identified as the main biotoxicity *** were positively correlated with acute biotoxicity,while the nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were positively correlated with *** the biotoxicity was effectively reduced in the novel full-scale treatment process,the effluent still performed potential biotoxicity,which need to be further explored in order to reduce environmental risk.

关键词： Acute biotoxicity Genotoxicity Oxidative damage Toxic organics Coal chemical wastewater Novel full-scale treatment process

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The US Election in 2024 and the Trend of the Ukraine Crisis

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和平与发展 2024年第2期 192-194页

作者： Zhang Wenzong Shi Guannan institute of American studies CICIR

The crisis in Ukraine,which has dragged on for more than two years,and whether military aid to Ukraine should continue are major issues debated and fought over by the two parties in the United States prior to the 2024 *** whether to continue to aid Ukraine,various political forces in the United States have chosen sides in the election campaign,which can be roughly divided into the“aid camp”and the“stop-aid camp”according to their positions.

关键词： continue positions election

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Visible-light-activated aziridination reaction enables simultaneous resolving of C=C bond location and the sn-position isomers in lipids

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 481-485页

作者： Qiongqiong Wan Yanan Xiao Guifang Feng Xin Dong Wenjing Nie Ming Gao Qingtao Meng Suming Chen The institute for Advanced studies Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

There is a close relationship between the biological functions of lipids and their structures, and various isomers greatly increases the complexity of lipid structures. The C=C bond location and sn-position are two of the essential attributes that determine the structures of unsaturated lipids. However, simultaneous identification of both attributes remains challenging. Here, we develop a visible-light-activated aziridination reaction system, which enables the dual-resolving of the C=C bond location and sn-position isomerism of in lipids when combines with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS). Based on the derivatization of C=C bonds with Ph I=NTs, their location in lipids could be easily identified by tandem MS. Especially, the sn-position isomers of unsaturated phosphatidylcholine(PC) can be separated and quantified by LC-MS after the derivatization. By using the proposed method, the significant changes of the sn-position isomers ratios of PC in mouse brain ischemia were revealed. This study offers a powerful tool for deep lipid structural biology.

关键词： Aziridination Lipid isomers C=C bond location sn-Position Mass spectrometry

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A path planning algorithm for a crop monitoring fixed-wing unmanned aerial system

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 5-23页

作者： Longhao QIAN Yi Lok LO Hugh Hong-tao LIU institute of Aerospace studies University of Toronto Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong

With the growing demand for automation in agriculture, industries increasingly rely on drones to perform crop monitoring and surveillance. In this regard, fixed-wing unmanned aerial systems(UASs)are viable platforms for scanning a large crop field, given their payload capacity and range. To achieve maximum coverage without landing for battery replacement, an algorithm for producing a minimal required energy survey path is essential. Hence, an energy-aware coverage path planning algorithm is proposed *** constraints for a fixed-wing UAS to fly at low altitudes while achieving full coverage of the crop field are first analyzed. Then, the full path is decomposed into straight-line and U-turn primitives. Finally, an algorithm to calculate a combination of straight-line segments and U-turns is proposed to obtain the path with minimum required energy consumption. The genetic algorithm is used to efficiently determine the order of the straight-line paths to traverse. Case studies show that the proposed algorithm can produce planning results for a convex-polygon-shaped crop field.

关键词： aerial survey energy minimization fixed-wing UAS genetic algorithm path planning

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General radical difluoromethylation using difluoroacetic anhydride via photoredox catalysis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2637-2646页

作者： Meng He Yankai Yang Heng Zhang Zhipeng Guan Zhi-Bing Dong Hong Yi Aiwen Lei School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences and institute for Advanced studies(IAS) Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

CF_(2)H-containing molecules play pivotal roles in diverse fields from medicinal chemistry to materials science. However, the application of existing CF_(2)H reagents as a source of CF_(2)H radical is limited by their reactivity and preparation. Herein, we develop a simple and general visible-light-catalyzed radical difluoromethylation reaction of alkenes, dienes, and heteroaromatics using commercially available, easy-to-handle, and low-cost difluoroacetic anhydride as the CF_(2)H reagent. This scalable protocol enables the convenient synthesis of a range of CF_(2)H-containing compounds under mild conditions, exhibiting a broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance. Potential applications are further demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis, sunlight experiments, derivatization experiments as well as the synthesis of bioactive molecules.

关键词： radical difluoromethylation alkenes/dienes/heteroaromatics difluoroacetic anhydride photoredox

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Two-dimensional investigation of characteristic parameters and their gradients for the self-generated electric and magnetic fields of laser-induced zirconium plasma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第5期26卷 138-155页

作者： Tayyaba SAJID Shazia BASHIR Mahreen AKRAM Maira RAZZAQ Khaliq MAHMOOD Centre for Advanced studies in Physics Institute of PhysicsGovernment College University LahoreLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Physics Institute of PhysicsGovernment College University LahoreLahore 54000Pakistan

Two-dimensional diagnosis of laser-induced zirconium(Zr)plasma has been experimentally performed using the time-of-flight method by employing Faraday cups in addition to electric and magnetic *** characteristic parameters of laser-induced Zr plasma have been evaluated as a function of different laser irradiances ranging from 4.5 to 11.7 GW cm-2 at different axial positions of 1–4 cm with a fixed radial distance of 2 cm.A well-supporting correlation between the plume parameters and the laser-plasma-produced spontaneous electric and magnetic(E and B)fields was *** measurements of the characteristic parameters and spontaneously induced fields were observed to have an increasing trend with the increasing laser ***,when increasing the spatial distance in both the axial and radial directions,the plasma parameters(electron/ion number density,temperature and kinetic energy)did not show either continuously increasing or decreasing trends due to various kinetic and dynamic processes during the spatial evolution of the ***,the E and B fields were observed to be always diffusing away from the *** radial component of electron number densities remained higher than the axial number density component,whereas the axial ion number density at all laser irradiances and axial distances remained higher than the radial ion number *** higher axial self-generated electric field(SGEF)values than radial SGEF values are correlated with the effective charge-separation mechanism of electrons and *** generation of a self-generated magnetic field is observed dominantly in the radial direction at increasing laser irradiance as compared to the axial one due to the deflection of fast-moving electrons and the persistence of two-electron temperature on the radial axis.

关键词： Faraday cup axial and radial expansion space-charge effect laser-induced zirconium plasma two-electron temperature distribution self-generated electric and magnetic fields

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Different people,different wild:Comparing and mapping wilderness representation in Wuyishan National Park,China

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第1期5卷 144-156页

作者： Aifang Weng Lingyun Liao Yue Cao Steve Carver Li Lin Siyuan Shen Zhengduo Xu Jianwen Dong Siren Lan Rui Yang College of landscape Architecture and Art Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China College of Geographical Science Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China institute of Wuyishan National Park Fuzhou 350002China Department of landscape Architecture School of ArchitectureTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China institute for National Parks Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Wildland Research institute School of GeographyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK

It is essential to better integrate wilderness representations of different stakeholders into wilderness *** way in which local residents and other stakeholders frame the construction of wilderness of protected areas in developing countries are poorly *** these areas,land use policy and decision may lead to *** study aims to explore existing public wilderness representations using a questionnaire survey(n=514)administered amongst tourists and other stakeholders in the Wuyishan National Park,in southeast *** spatial differences in public representations of wilderness across different stakeholder groups were compared against expert *** found that integrated wilderness representation maps of different stakeholder groups were consistent,namely'area where wild animals live','area with no human influence','a barren and lonely area'.However,three sub-representations of the individual stakeholders varied ***,expert-based wilderness mapping did not reflect public representations accurately,and an integrated wilder-ness quality map considering wilderness representations across both stakeholders and experts can better identify detailed wilderness *** study provides new insights and technical support for future exploration of wilder-ness conservation and mapping in China and other countries with insufficient awareness of wilderness values and investigations in a regional scale.

关键词： Wilderness mapping Public participation Environment perception Protected areas

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urban water system theory and its model development and application

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 704-724页

作者： Jun XIA Yongyong ZHANG Dunxian SHE Shiyan ZHANG Jun YANG Mingquan LV Xiang ZHANG Anqi LUO Shengjun WU Yang LIU Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources&Hydropower Engineering Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Aquatic Eco Health Group Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and HealthInstitute of Urban EnvironmentFujian Key Laboratory of Watershed EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Chongqing institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China

The urban water system theory is an extension of the basin water system science on an urban scale, providing a new systematic solution for the unbalanced human-water relationship and severe water challenges, such as waterlogging, black and odorous water, and ecological degradation caused by urbanization. Most existing studies on urban water systems have focused on individual water cycle processes linked with water supply and sewage treatment plants, but mutual feedback between the water cycle and its associated material circulation and water ecology, as well as human processes, still needs further exploration. In this paper, the concept, theory, and technical methodology of the urban water system were developed based on the water cycle and basin water system science. The urban Water System 5.0(UWS 5.0) model was developed by integrating the Time Variant Gain rainfall-runoff Model with urban water system(TVGM_urban) in different underlying surface conditions for analyzing the natural-social water cycle processes and their associated water environmental and ecological processes and the influence of multiscale sponge measures. Herein, five major simulation functions were realized: rainfall-runoff-nonpoint source pollutant load,water and pollutant transportations through the drainage network system, terminal regulation and purification, socioeconomic water cycle, and water system assessment and regulation. The location for the case study used in this paper was Wuhan City. The findings showed that the entire urban water system should consider the built-up area and its associated rivers and lakes as the research object and explore the integrations among the urban natural-social water cycle and river regulations inside and outside of the city as well as the effects of socioeconomic development and sponge measures on the water quantity-quality-ecology processes. The UWS 5.0 model efficiently simulated the urban rainfall-runoff process, total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphoru

关键词： urban water system Human-water relationship Water issue Green development Theoretical basis Mathematical model

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Optimized protoplast isolation and transfection with a breakpoint:accelerating Cas9/sgRNA cleavage efficiency validation in monocot and dicot

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 151-168页

作者： Debasmita Panda Subhasis Karmakar Manaswini Dash Swagat Kumar Tripathy Priya Das Sagar Banerjee Yiping Qi Sanghamitra Samantaray Pradipta Kumar Mohapatra Mirza J.Baig Kutubuddin A.Molla ICAR National Rice Research institute CuttackOdisha 753006India Department of Botany Ravenshaw UniversityCuttackOdisha 753003India Department of Plant Science and landscape Architecture University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

The CRISPR-Cas genome editing tools are revolutionizing agriculture and basic biology with their simplicity and precision ability to modify target genomic ***-predicted guide RNAs(gRNAs)often fail to induce efficient cleavage at target *** target loci are inaccessible due to complex chromatin ***,there is no suitable tool available to predict the architecture of genomic target sites and their ***,significant time and resources are spent on performing editing experiments with inefficient *** in vitro-cleavage assay could provide a rough assessment of gRNA efficiency,it largely excludes the interference of native genomic *** in-vivo testing gives a proper assessment of the cleavage ability of editing reagents in a native genomic ***,we developed a modified protocol that offers highly efficient protoplast isolation from rice,Arabidopsis,and chickpea,using a sucrose gradient,transfection using PEG(polyethylene glycol),and validation of single guide RNAs(sgRNAs)cleavage efficiency of *** have optimized various parameters for PEG-mediated protoplast transfection and achieved high transfection efficiency using our protocol in both monocots and *** introduced plasmid vectors containing Cas9 and sgRNAs targeting genes in rice,Arabidopsis,and chickpea *** dual sgRNAs,our CRISPRdeletion strategy offers straightforward detection of genome editing success by simple agarose gel *** sequencing of PCR products confirmed the editing efficiency of specific ***,we demonstrated that isolated protoplasts can be stored for up to 24/48 h with little loss of viability,allowing a pause between isolation and *** high-efficiency protocol for protoplast isolation and transfection enables rapid(less than 7 days)validation of sgRNA cleavage efficiency before proceeding with stable *** isolation and transfection method can als

关键词： Protoplast Genome editing Transgene-free edited plants Rice Chickpea

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Analysis on Genetic Diversity of 40 Flowering Cherry Cultivars and Construction of Molecular ID Based on SSR Markers

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 256-273页

作者： Chaoren Nie Xiaoguo Xu Xiaoqin Zhang Hongbing Sun Jingya Yu Wensheng Xia Wuhan institute of landscape Architecture Wuhan China Wuhan landscape Ecology Group Co. Ltd. Wuhan China

Studying on the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of flowering cherry cultivars is extremely important for germplasm conservation, cultivar identification and breeding. Flowering cherry is widely cultivated as an important woody ornamental plant in worldwide, especially Japan, China. However, owning to the morphological similarity, many cultivars are distinguished hardly in non-flowering season. Here, we evaluated the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 40 flowering cherry cultivars, which are mainly cultivated in China. We selected 13 polymorphicprimers to amplify to allele fragments with fluorescent-labeled capillary electrophoresis technology. The population structure analysis results show that these cultivars could be divided into 4 subpopulations. At the population level, Na and Ne were 6.062, 4.326, respectively. Ho and He were 0.458 and 0.670, respectively. The Shannon’s information index (I) was 1.417. The Pop3, which originated from P. serrulata, had the highest Ho, He, and I among the 4 subpopulations. AMOVA showed that only 4% of genetic variation came from populations, the 39% variation came from individuals and 57% (p < 0.05) came from intra-individuals. 5 polymorphic SSR primers were selected to construct molecular ID code system of these cultivars. This analysis on the genetic diversity and relationship of the 40 flowering cherry cultivars will help to insight into the genetic background, relationship of these flowering cherry cultivars and promote to identify similar cultivars.

关键词： Flowering Cherry SSR Genetic Relationship Molecular ID Identifying Cultivars

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