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Origin and evolution of fatty acid desaturase genes in oil crop Brassica napus

oil Crop Science 2022年第4期7卷 200-208页

作者： Wei Zhao Lunwen Qian Mei Guan Jun Liu Chunyun Guan College of Agronomy Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha410128China Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of oil crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan430062China

Fatty acid(FA)desaturases,as the key enzymes in lipid metabolism,are responsible for biosynthesis of the unsaturated fatty FAs,which play important roles in maintaining cell membrane integrity and multiple stress *** attention has been drawn to some plant FA desaturase genes,their global landscape in oil crops is still ***,we performed systematic characterization and phylogenomic synteny network analyses of the FA desaturase gene family in polyploid oil crop *** and other 54 species covering major streptophyte lineages.A total of 1653 FA desaturase genes were identified from these plant *** on the broad-scale family phylogeny and functional domains,we proposed a unified eight-group classification system for angiosperm FA desaturases,and found that the origin of genes responsible for FA desaturation evolved early and some genes were absent in different *** analyses revealed deeply conserved syntenic relationships within each of the eight FA desaturase *** contains up to 93 FA desaturase genes from the eight *** duplication events in Brassicaceae contributed to the expansion of FA desaturase genes in ***,leading to further functional *** FA desaturase genes exhibited spatio-temporal specific expression patterns in different tissues of ***,and a set of FA desaturase genes seem to be orchestrated by key transcriptional factors during seed development,such as zf-HD,B3,GATA3,PEI1,NFYA7,YAB1 and ***,our data have inferred the evolutionary trajectory of this important gene family across distinct plant lineages,providing theoretical basis for future manipulation of FA desaturase genes to improve the seed oil quality of ***.

关键词： Brassica napus Fatty acid desaturase Genome Evolution Gene family

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The M43 domain-containing metalloprotease RcMEP1 in Rhizoctonia cerealis is a pathogenicity factor during the fungus infection to wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第8期19卷 2044-2055页

作者： PAN Li-jun LU Lin LIU Yu-ping WEN Sheng-xian ZHANG Zeng-yan College of Agriculture Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128P.R.China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 10080P.R.China institute for cereal and oil crops Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesShijiazhuang 050035P.R.China

Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is an important staple crop for global *** necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis is the causal pathogen of sharp eyespot,a devastating disease of ***,we identified RcMEP1,a zinc metalloproteaseencoding gene from *** genomic sequences,and characterized its pathogenesis ***1 expressed at markedly-high levels during *** infection process to *** predicted protein RcMEP1 comprises of 287 amino acid residues and contains a signal peptide and a M43 metalloprotease domain harboring the active site motif(HEVGHWLGLYH).The assays of Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves indicated that RcMEP1 is an apoplastic elicitor of cell death,and that the predicted signal peptide functions and is required for secretion and cell *** purified RcMEP1 protein and its M43 domain peptide were individually able to induce plant cell death and H2 O2 accumulation,and to inhibit expression of host chitinases when infiltrated into wheat and *** leaves,while the M43 domain-deleting peptide and negative control lacked the ***,compared with the control pretreatment,the purified RcMEP1 protein or its M43-domain peptide resulted in enhanced pathogenesis in the inoculated wheat,whereas the M43 domain-deleting peptide *** results suggest that RcMEP1 acted as an important pathogenicity factor during *** infection to wheat and that its signal peptide and M43 domain are required for the secretion and pathogenesis of *** study provides insights into pathogenesis role of M43 domain-containing metalloproteases during *** infection to wheat.

关键词： cell death metalloprotease Rhizoctonia cerealis pathogenicity wheat

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Diversity and association analysis of important agricultural trait based on miniature inverted-repeat transposable element specific marker in Brassica napus L.

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oil Crop Science 2021年第1期6卷 28-34页

作者： Shutao Dai Jinna Hou Maomao Qin Ziju Dai Xiaojie Jin Shilei Zhao Yanhua Dong Yongxia Wang Zhengqing Wu Zhensheng Lei institute of cereal crops Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhouChina institute of crops Molecular Breeding Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhouChina Sanmenxia Academy of Agricultural Sciences SanmenxiaChina Henan Agricultural Science and Technology Exhibition Hall ZhengzhouChina

Miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements(MITEs)are a group of DNA transposable element(TE)which preferentially distributed with gene associated *** of MITEs families have been revealed in Brassica napus genome,they scatter across the genome with tens of thousands copies and produce polymorphisms both intra-and *** previous studies revealed a Tourist-like MITE,Monkey King,associated with vernalization requirement of ***,however there are still few studies reveal MITE association with agricultural traits in *** the present study,80 polymorphic markers were developed from 55 MITEs,and used to evaluate genetic diversity in a panel of *** accessions consisting of 101 natural and 25 synthetic *** agricultural traits,oil content,glucosinolate content,erucic acid content,weight of thousand seeds(WTS)and plant height,were investigated across 3-years field experiments,in addition,two traits,hypocotyl length and root length,were evaluated at the 4-leaf stage in the *** between the MITE-based markers and seven traits were analyzed,finally,10 polymorphic markers produced by 6 pairs of MITE specific primers were revealed relatively high correlation with 5 *** polymorphic markers were anchored with two candidate genes,BnaA02g13530D and BnaA08g20010D,respectively,which may contribute to glucosinolate content and *** research may contribute to genetic improvement through utilization of MITE-induced polymorphisms in Brassica species.

关键词： Brassica napus L. Miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements oil content Glucosinolate content Erucic acid content 1000-Seed weight Length of hypocotyl Length of root

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Identification of key gene networks controlling organic acid and sugar metabolism during watermelon fruit development by integrating metabolic phenotypes and gene expression profiles

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 191-203页

作者： Muhammad Jawad Umer Luqman Bin Safdar Haileslassie Gebremeskel Shengjie Zhao Pingli Yuan Hongju Zhu M.O.Kaseb Muhammad Anees Xuqiang Lu Nan He Chengsheng Gong Wenge Liu Zhengzhou Fruit Research institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHenan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and CucurbitsZhengzhouChina Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of oil crops Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhan 430062China

The organoleptic qualities of watermelon fruit are defined by the sugar and organic acid contents,which undergo considerable variations during development and *** molecular mechanisms underlying these variations remain *** this study,we used transcriptome profiles to investigate the coexpression patterns of gene networks associated with sugar and organic acid *** identified 3 gene networks/modules containing 2443 genes highly correlated with sugars and organic *** these modules,based on intramodular significance and Reverse Transcription Quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),we identified 7 genes involved in the metabolism of sugars and organic *** these genes,Cla97C01G000640,Cla97C05G087120 and Cla97C01G018840(r^(2)=0.83 with glucose content)were identified as sugar transporters(SWEET,EDR6 and STP)and Cla97C03G064990(r^(2)=0.92 with sucrose content)was identified as a sucrose synthase from information available for other ***,Cla97C07G128420,Cla97C03G068240 and Cla97C01G008870,having strong correlations with malic(r^(2)=0.75)and citric acid(r^(2)=0.85),were annotated as malate and citrate transporters(ALMT7,CS,and ICDH).The expression profiles of these 7 genes in diverse watermelon genotypes revealed consistent patterns of expression variation in various types of *** findings add significantly to our existing knowledge of sugar and organic acid metabolism in watermelon.

关键词： metabolism sugar networks

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Computational Tools and Resources for CRISPR/Cas Genome Editing

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2023年第1期21卷 108-126页

作者： Chao Li Wen Chu Rafaqat Ali Gill Shifei Sang Yuqin Shi Xuezhi Hu Yuting Yang Qamar U.Zaman Baohong Zhang oil crops Research institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhan 430062China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081China Department of Biology East Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC 27858USA

The past decade has witnessed a rapid evolution in identifying more versatile clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein(Cas)nucleases and their functional variants,as well as in developing precise CRISPR/Cas-derived genome *** programmable and robust features of the genome editors provide an effective RNAguided platform for fundamental life science research and subsequent applications in diverse scenarios,including biomedical innovation and targeted crop *** of the most essential principles is to guide alterations in genomic sequences or genes in the intended manner without undesired off-target impacts,which strongly depends on the efficiency and specificity of single guide RNA(sgRNA)-directed recognition of targeted DNA *** advances in empirical scoring algorithms and machine learning models have facilitated sgRNA design and off-target *** this review,we first briefly introduce the different features of CRISPR/Cas tools that should be taken into consideration to achieve specific ***,we focus on the computer-assisted tools and resources that are widely used in designing sgRNAs and analyzing CRISPR/Cas-induced on-and off-target ***,we provide insights into the limitations of available computational tools that would help researchers of this field for further ***,we suggest a simple but effective workflow for choosing and applying web-based resources and tools for CRISPR/Cas genome editing.

关键词： Genome editing Efficiency and specificity CRISPR/Cas9 sgRNA Computational tool Algorithm

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Assembly and marker analysis of mitochondrial genomes provide insights into origin,evolution and spread of Brassica juncea(L.)*** Coss.

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The Crop Journal 2022年第3期10卷 611-616页

作者： Liang You Liu Yang Fangying Liu Lei Kang Hao Chen Bin Yang Qian Yang Zhongsong Liu College of Agronomy Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128HunanChina Guizhou institute of oil crops Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550000GuizhouChina

The release of mitochondrial genome sequences provides the basis for characterizing interspecific and intraspecific variation in Brassica mitochondrial ***,few ***(mustard)mitochondrial genomes have been *** assembled the mitochondrial genomes of three *** subspecies and compared them with previously published *** genomes were phylogenetically classified into A,B,C,and Bna *** variant sites,a transversion(C→A)at nt 79,573 and a 31-bp copy-number variation between nts 65,564 and 65,596,were *** on these variant sites,mitotype-specific sequence markers were developed to characterize the variation among worldwide 558 *** *** mitochondrial genome types(mitotypes MT1–MT3)were *** terms of geographical distribution,MT1 and MT2 accessions were distributed mainly to the north and MT3 to the south of 34°*** mustards carried only MT1,leaf and stem mustards carried mainly MT3,and seed mustards carried all three mitotypes,implying that the mitotypes underwent selection during *** domestication.A new form of oil mustard evolved by hybridization between two gene pools in southwest China.

关键词： Brassica juncea Mitochondrial genome Mitotypes Molecular markers Migration routes

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Extraction of Cinnamomum longepaniculatum deciduous leaves essential oil using solvent-free microwave extraction: Process optimization and quality evaluation

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oil Crop Science 2023年第1期8卷 7-15页

作者： Chunlei Wei Chuyun Wan Fenghong Huang Tingting Guo oil crops Research institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition WuhanChina oil crops and Lipids Process Technology National&Local Joint Engineering Laboratory WuhanChina

The optimal process conditions for solvent-free microwave extraction(SFME)of essential oils from Cinnamomum longepaniculatum deciduous leaves after moisture conditioning were established by response surface methodology(RSM).A Box-Behnken design(BBD)was applied to evaluate the effects of three independent variables:moisture content(A:54%–74%),microwave power(B:300–500 W)and microwave time(C:20–40 min),on the extraction yield of essential *** compounds of the essential oils obtained by SFME,hydro-distillation and microwaveassisted hydro-distillation(MADE)were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and the total lipids of *** fresh leaves and deciduous leaves were *** correlation analysis of the response regression model indicated that quadratic polynomial model could be employed to optimize the extraction of essential *** optimal extraction condition was A:58%,B:400 W and C:28 *** the optimal condition,the maximum extraction yield was 4.475 mL/100 g dw and higher than that by *** main compound of the essential oil was eucalyptol(63.54%),and total oxygenated compounds was 78.95%,mainly caused by SFME and the metabolism of endophytic bacteria with decreasing content of phospholipids and fatty *** of variance under the extraction condition illustrated high fitness of the model and the success of RSM for optimizing and reflecting the expected process *** combined with moisture regulation was an effective method for extracting essential oil from *** deciduous leaves.

关键词： Cinnamomum longepaniculatum Deciduous leaves Solvent-free microwave extraction Response surface methodology Extraction yield Essential oil

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Genetic analysis of maturity and flowering characteristics in maize(Zea mays L.)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第8期2卷 621-626页

作者： Hassan Sher Muhammad Iqbal Kiramat Khan Muhammad yasir Hameed-ur-Rahman Centre of Botany and Biodiversity Conservation University of Swat cereal crops Research institute(CCRI) Pirsabak Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS Institute of Information Technology(CUT)Abbottabad

Objective:To elucidate the pattern of inheritance and determine the relative magnitude of various genetic effects for maturity and flowering attributes in subtropical ***: Four white grain maize inbred lines from flint group of corn,two with late maturity and two with early maturity,were *** contrasting inbred lines were crossed to form four *** generations(P_1,P_2,F_1,F_2,BC_1,and BC_2) were developed for each individual *** were evaluated in triplicate trial for two consecutive ***:Roth dominance gene action and epistatic interaction played major role in governing inheritance of days to pollen shedding, 50%silking,anlbesis silking interval and ***:Preponderance of dominance gene action for these traits indicated their usefulness in hybrid programs of subtropical maize.

关键词： Genetic analysis Maize Maturity Generation means

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Triple test cross analysis for seed yield and its components in sesame under water stress conditions

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oil Crop Science 2022年第2期7卷 71-79页

作者： Mohamed Ali Abdelsatar Yousrya S.A.Metwally Ibthal S.El-Demardash oil crops Research Department Field Crops Research InstituteAgricultural Research CenterGizaEgypt Crop Intensification Research Department Field Crops Research InstituteAgricultural Research CenterGizaEgypt Department of Genetics and Cytology National Research CenterCairoEgypt

Water deficit is a limiting factor in sesame cultivars yield,thus identification of genetic mechanisms of sesame traits under water stress conditions is essential to development of water stress tolerant ***,the triple test cross(TTC)analysis in F_(2) population of the sesame cross(NA_(76)NA_(54))was ***,30 TTC families with their 13 respective parents were evaluated during the summer season 2020 under two irrigation treatments.i.e.,normal irrigation with 5952.38 m^(3) hm^(-2) of applied water,and water stress with 2976.19 m^(3) hm^(-2) of applied *** was implemented at the experimental field of Kafr El Hamam/Sharkia,Agricultural Research Station,Agricultural Research Center(ARC),***(D)and dominance(H)gene actions as well as epistatic and its two components of additiveadditive,additivedominance plus dominancedominance were involved in the inheritance of all studied traits under both irrigation treatments and their combined *** degree of dominance(H/D)^(0.5) verified the presence of partial dominance in most *** correlation coefficient between sums(additive)and differences(dominance)was non-significant,showing that dominant genes between lines were *** moderately water stress tolerant TTC families as the best selected families were found in families 22,25,10,12,and ***,postponing selection in these selected families to later segregating generations for all studied traits would be effective to exploit the positive effects of additiveadditive epistasis.

关键词： Epistatic Irrigation Sesame Sesamum indicum Stress susceptibility index

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Mapping loci controlling fatty acid profiles, oil and protein content by genome-wide association study in Brassica napus

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The Crop Journal 2019年第2期7卷 217-226页

作者： Minqiang Tang Yuanyuan Zhang Yueying Liu Chaobo Tong Xiaohui Cheng Wei Zhu Zaiyun Li Junyan Huang Shengyi Liu The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of oil crops The Ministry of Agriculture Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding Technology National Center of Oil Crop Improvement (Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural University Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources Faculty of Life Science Hubei University

Optimizing the profile and quantity of fatty acids in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) is critical for maximizing the value of edible oil and biodiesel. However, selection of these complex seed quality traits is difficult before haplotypes controlling their contents are identified. To efficiently identify genetic loci influencing these traits and underlying candidate genes and networks, we performed a genome-wide association study(GWAS) of eight seed quality traits(oil and protein content, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, eicosenoic and erucic acids content). The GWAS population comprised 370 diverse accessions, which were phenotyped in five environments and genotyped using 60K SNP arrays. The results indicated that oil and protein contents generally showed negative correlations, while fatty acid contents showed positive or negative correlations,with palmitic and erucic acid contents directly affecting oil content. Seven SNPs on five chromosomes were associated with both seed oil and protein content, and five genes orthologous to genes in Arabidopsis thaliana were predicted as candidates. From resequencing data, besides known haplotypes in Bna ***1.a and Bna ***1.a, three accessions harboring a new haplotype conferring moderate erucic acid content were identified. Interestingly, in a haplotype block, one haplotype was associated with high palmitic acid content and low oil content, while the others showed the reverse effects. This finding was consistent with a negative correlation between palmitic acid and oil contents, suggesting historical selection for high oil content. The identification by this study of genetic variation and complex correlations of eight seed quality traits may be beneficial for crop selection strategies.

关键词： Brassica napus oil content Fatty acid profiles Association study Haplotypes

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