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Mechanistic investigation on Ag-Cu_(2)O in electrocatalytic CO_(2) to CH_(4) by in situ/operando spectroscopic and theoretical analysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 521-531,I0012页

作者： Min Sun Luxiao Zhang Fuli Tian Jiaxin Li Yanqiu Lei Heng Zhang Lifeng Han Zhihua Guo Yonghui Gao Fenrong Liu Yan Wang Luhui Wang Shanghong Zeng School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021Inner MongoliaChina Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible plants Resources of Hainan Province Hainan Vocational University of Science and TechnologyHaikou 571126HainanChina State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo rare Earth Resource Research and Comprehensive Utilization Baotou Research Institute of Rare EarthsBaotou 014030Inner MongoliaChina Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Environmental Pollution Control Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022ZhejiangChina

Silver-copper electrocatalysts have demonstrated effectively catalytic performance in electroreduction CO_(2) toward CH_(4),yet a revealing insight into the reaction pathway and mechanism has remained elusive.Herein,we construct chemically bonded Ag-Cu_(2)O boundaries,in which the complete reduction of Cu_(2)O to Cu has been strongly impeded owing to the presence of surface Ag shell.The interfacial confinement effect helps to maintain Cu^(+)sites at the Ag-Cu_(2)O boundaries.Using in situ/operando spectroscopy and theoretical simulations,it is revealed that CO_(2) is enriched at the Ag-Cu_(2)O boundaries due to the enhanced physisorption and chemisorption to CO_(2),activating CO_(2) to form the stable intermediate^(*)CO.The boundaries between Ag shell and the Cu_(2)O mediate local^(*)CO coverage and promote^(*)CHO intermediate formation,consequently facilitating CO_(2)-to-CH_(4) conversion.This work not only reveals the structure-activity relationships but also offers insights into the reaction mechanism on Ag-Cu catalysts for efficient electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction.

关键词： Ag shell Interfacial confinement effect Cu~+ Local*CO coverage CO_(2)reduction

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Conservation genomics provides insights into genetic resilience and adaptation of the endangered Chinese hazelnut, Corylus chinensis

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 294-308页

作者： Zhen Yang Lisong Liang Weibo Xiang Lujun Wang Qinghua Ma Zhaoshan Wang Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationResearch Institute of ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China National Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment Protection for Yangtze River Economic Belt China Three Gorges CorporationBeijing 100083China rare plants Research institute of Yangtze River China Three Gorges CorporationYichang 443133China Research institute of Economic Forest Cultivation and Processing Anhui Academy of ForestryHefei 230031China

Global climate change has increased concerns regarding biodiversity loss.However,many key conservation issues still required further research,including demographic history,deleterious mutation load,adaptive evolution,and putative introgression.Here we generated the first chromosome-level genome of the endangered Chinese hazelnut,Corylus chinensis,and compared the genomic signatures with its sympatric widespread C.kwechowensis-C yunnanensis complex.We found large genome rearrangements across all Corylus species and identified species-specific expanded gene families that may be involved in adaptation.Population genomics revealed that both C.chinensis and the C.kwechowensis-C.yunnanensis complex had diverged into two genetic lineages,forming a consistent pattern of southwestern-northern differentiation.Population size of the narrow southwestern lineages of both species have decreased continuously since the late Miocene,whereas the widespread northern lineages have remained stable(C.chinensis) or have even recovered from population bottlenecks(C.kwechowensis-C.yunnanensis complex) during the Quaternary.Compared with C.kwechowensis-C. yunnanensis complex,C.chinensis showed significantly lower genomic diversity and higher inbreeding level.However,C.chinensis carried significantly fewer deleterious mutations than C.kwechowensis-C. yunnanensis complex,as more effective purging selection reduced the accumulation of homozygous variants.We also detected signals of positive selection and adaptive introgression in different lineages,which facilitated the accumulation of favorable variants and formation of local adaptation.Hence,both types of selection and exogenous introgression could have mitigated inbreeding and facilitated survival and persistence of C.chinensis.Overall,our study provides critical insights into lineage differentiation,local adaptation,and the potential for future recovery of endangered trees.

关键词： Conservation genomics Demographic history Inbreeding Genetic load Runs of homozygosity Local adaptation

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Multi-omics:Powerful accelerator for uncovering plant specialized metabolic pathways:The case of leonurine

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 13-15页

作者： Priyanka Gupta Anuj Sharma Dinesh A.Nagegowda Molecular Plant Biology and Biotechnology Lab CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic PlantsResearch CentreBengaluru 560065India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Ghaziabad 201002India

As sessile organisms,plants employ a unique adaptive strategy to survive harsh terrestrial environments and defend against or interact with coevolving animals and microorganisms.This strategy involves expanding their metabolic systems,resulting in the production of plant specialized metabolites(PSMs)or natural products.Chemically,PSMs constitute a highly diverse group of compounds based on their common core structure,comprising terpenoids,phenylpropanoids,benzenoids,alkaloids and nitrogen-containing compounds,glucosinolates,indoles and sulfur-containing indole compounds,phenolics,and fatty acid derivatives(Garagounis et al.,2021).

关键词： expanding alkaloids sulfur

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Three rare anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene lactones from Magnolia grandiflora

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第3期22卷 265-272页

作者： XU Shuangyu ZHANG Feng TAO Linlan JIANG Yangming HUANG Tao LI Yanan HU Zhanxing YANG Jue HAO Xiaojiang YUAN Chunmao State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal plants Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550014China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550025China Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province Guiyang 550014China State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China

Four new sesquiterpene lactones(SLs)(1–4),along with a biosynthetically related SL(5),have been isolated from the leaves of Magnolia grandiflora.Magrandate A(1)is notable as the first C18 homogemarane type SL,featuring a unique 1,7-dioxaspiro[4.4]nonan-6-one core.Compounds 2 and 3,representing the first instances of chlorine-substituted gemarane-type SL analogs in natural products,were also identified.The structures of these isolates were elucidated through a combination of spectroscopic data analysis,electronic circular dichroism calculations,and X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis.All isolates demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.Notably,3–5 showed a significant inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production,with IC50 values ranging from 0.79 to 4.73μmol·L^(−1).Additionally,4 and 5 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against three cancer cell lines,with IC50 values between 3.09 and 11.23μmol·L^(−1).

关键词： Magnolia grandiflora Sesquiterpene lactones Isolation and identification Anti-inflammatory activity

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Molecular analyses display the increasing diversity of Podostemaceae in China

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 421-424页

作者： Zhi-Zhong Li Zhun Xu Shuang Wu Lang-Xing Yuan Chun-Yu Zou Yan Liu Jian-Yong Lin Shi-Chu Liang Key Laboratory of Ecology of rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University) Ministry of EducationGuilin 541006China Wuhan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China Guangxi Association for Science and Technology Nanning 530023China Tropical Crops Genetic Resources institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571101China Guangxi institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesGuilin 541006China Guangxi Forestry Research institute Nanning 530028China

Podostemaceae(riverweed family),one of the largest aquatic plant families in the world,comprises about 350 species in 51 genera placed in three subfamilies,Podostemoideae,Weddellinoideae,and Tristichoideae(Koi et al.,2022).Most Podostemaceae genera(~38)are monotypic or oligotypic,with a high level of endemism(Koi et al.,2018,2022).Members of Podostemaceae adhere to rocks in fast-flowing rivers,streams,or waterfalls in the subtropics and tropics(Koi et al.,2018).As an adaptation to fastrunning currents,the morphological structure of river-weeds tends to be extremely reduced,including a loss or reduction of primary shoots or roots(Koi and Kato,2007).The vegetative mass of these plants resembles lichens or bryophytes,and are thus known commonly as“dream bryophytes”(Philbrick and Retana,1998).Podostemaceae plants flower when the water level drops during the dry season.In recent years,anthropogenic factors and climate change have severely affected river weed habitats,decreasing populations of these plants.

关键词： roots season habitat

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Flat-footed Females and Missing Males:A New Genus and Species of Pleciofungivoridae(Diptera:Bibionomorpha)Represents the First Record of the Family from Mid-Cretaceous Kachin Amber

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第3期98卷 541-547页

作者： ZHANG Qingqing Wiesław KRZEMINSKI Jan SEVCIK Vladimir BLAGODEROV Agnieszka SOSZYNSKA Kornelia SKIBINSKA Yunnan Key Laboratory for Palaeobiology Institute of PalaeontologyYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China MEC International Joint Laboratory for Palaeobiology and Palaeoenvironment Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China institute of Systematics and Evolution of animals Polish Academy of Sciences52551 KrakówPoland University of Ostrava Faculty of ScienceDepartment of Biology and EcologyChittussiho 10CZ-71000 OstravaCzech Republic National Museums Scotland EdinburghUK Natural History Museum LondonUK University of Lodz Faculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionDepartment of Invertebrate Zoology and HydrobiologyBanacha 12/1690-237ŁódźPoland

A new genus and species,Cretopleciofungivora simpsoni gen.et sp.nov.,from the extinct family Pleciofungivoridae(Diptera:Bibionomorpha),is discovered in mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber.Previously,this family was known only from imprints in sedimentary rocks of the Jurassic and the Lower Cretaceous.Discovery of a representative of Pleciofungivoridae in Kachin amber confirms the presence of the family in the Upper Cretaceous.The new species has a unique structure of fore tarsus,with lobed and extended tarsal segments Ⅱ to Ⅳ,a feature hitherto known only in a few species of extant Sciaroidea.Although not particularly rare,the new species is currently known only from female specimens.Possible reasons for this phenomenon,very unusual in Sciaroidea,are briefly discussed,including parthenogenesis as a potentially plausible hypothesis.

关键词： fungus gnats Sciaroidea Upper Cretaceous Burmese amber swollen tarsomeres

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Invasion and defense of the basic social unit in a nonhuman primate society leads to sexual differences in the gut microbiome

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第1期17卷 168-180页

作者： Wancai XIA Mei ZHAO Dali WANG Fan WANG Hua CHEN Guoqi LIU Lifeng ZHU Dayong LI Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education) China West Normal UniversityNanchongSichuanChina institute of rare animals and plants China West Normal UniversityNanchongSichuanChina College of Life Sciences Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina Mingkef Biotechnology HangzhouChina

Multilevel society is one of the most complex social systems in natural ecosystems and is a typical feature among some primates.Given the potential connection between social behavior and gut microbiome composition,the multilevel social system could affect the primate gut microbiome.Here,based on long-term observation(e.***.social unit dynamics,transfer,and behavior),we investigated this potential integrating 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and behavior data in Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus bieti),which possess a multilevel social group based on one male units(OMUs,each unit with several breeding females and their offspring)and all-male unit(AMU,several bachelor males residing together).We found that the mean unweighted Unifrac distance between adult males from different OMUs was significantly lower than that between adult females from different OMUs(paired Wilcoxon test,P=0.007).There was no significant difference in the mean unweighted Unifrac distance between females within the same OMU or between females from different OMUs.These findings indicated the potential connection between the defense and invasion of social units and the gut microbiome community in wild Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys.We speculated that the resident males of OMUs displaying a significantly higher similarity in the gut microbial community than that of adult females in separate OMUs might be associated with the sexual differences in their interactions and from previously having cohabitated together in the AMU.Therefore,this study suggested that multilevel societies might have an effect on the gut microbial community in this wild nonhuman primate species.

关键词： defense and invasion gut microbial transfer multilevel society sexual differences Yunnan snubnosed monkeys

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Poisonous plants of the Karakalpak Part of the Ustyurt Plateau (Uzbekistan)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 83-94页

作者： Aymuratov Rapat Abduraimov Ozodbek Shomurodov Habibullo Abduraimov Azizbek Adilov Bekzod Karakalpak Scientific Research institute of Natural Sciences of The Karakalpak Branch of The Academy of Sciences of The Republic of Uzbekistan Nukus Uzbekistan institute of Botany Academy Science Republic of Uzbekistan Tashkent Uzbekistan Department of Medicinal plants and Botany Faculty of Natural Science Gulistan State University Gulistan Uzbekistan

The article presents the composition and current state of poisonous plants distributed on the Ustyurt plateau. Ustyurt is one of the largest deserts in Central Asia, differing from other deserts of the world in geographical location, relief, flora and fauna and other features. The territory of Ustyurt occupies 21.3 million hectares, of which the Karakalpak part accounts for 7.2 million hectares. Poisonous alkaloid-bearing plants of the Karakalpak part of the Ustyurt plateau Anabasis aphylla, Atriplex flabellum, Kalidium capsicum, Salsola arbusculaeformis, Salsola foliosa, Aellenia subaphylla, Anabasis brachiata, Rheum tataricum, Capparis spinosa, Glycyrrhiza aspera. Alkaloid-bearing plants that are not eaten or poorly eaten by cattle Ephedra distachya, Delphinium songaricum, Anabasis salsa, alkaloid-bearing plants eaten by animals without harm Carex physodes, Eremopyrum orientale, Agrophyllum repens, Astragalus amodendron, Astragalus villosissimus, species of the genera Calligonum, Salsola. Poisonous plants of the Karakalpak part of the Ustyurt plateau. An analysis of the pasture flora of the Karakalpak part of the Ustyurt plateau shows that 62 species of wild poisonous plants belonging to 49 genera and 19 families grow here. Although these plants are considered poisonous, but in modern pharmaceutics and medicine, they are used as medicinal.

关键词： Ustyurt Plateau Species Poisonous Desert Climate Change

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Five quinolizidine alkaloids with anti-tobacco mosaic virus activities from two species of Sophora

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 380-384页

作者： Ji Zhang Tong Zhang Qiao An Peng Zhang Cai-Yan Tian Chun-Mao Yuan Ping Yi Zhan-Xing Hu Xiao-Jiang Hao State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal plants Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550014China Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province Guiyang 550014China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Pharmacy Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyang 550025China State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201China Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesKunming 650201China

Three novel matrine-type alkaloids(1-3)and two unprecedented aloperine-type alkaloids(4 and 5)were isolated from the root of Sophora tonkinensis and the seeds of Sophora alopecuroides respectively.Notably,compound 1 possessed an unprecedented 6/5/6 tricyclic skeleton,while compounds 2 and 3 characterized by rare 6/6/5/6 tetracyclic system and 6/6/6/6/6 pentacyclic system respectively.Moreover,compound 4 possessed an unprecedented 6/7/6/6 tetracyclic core,and compound 5 characterized by rare 6/6/6/6tetracyclic skeleton.Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis and electronic circular dichroism(ECD)calculations.Biological tests indicated that compound 5 displayed significant anti-tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)activity compared with the positive control ningnanmycin.

关键词： Matrine-type alkaloids Aloperine-type alkaloids Sophora tonkinensis Sophora alopecuroides Anti-tobacco mosaic virus

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Corrosion evaluation and resistance study of alloys in chloride salts for concentrating solar power plants

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rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1222-1233页

作者： Dong-Mei Han Yong Shuai Bachirou Guene Lougou Bo-Xi Geng Xi-Bo He Tian-Tian Yan Jia-Meng Song School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China

Thermal energy storage(TES)systems based on molten salt are widely used in concentrating solar power(CSP)plants.The investigation of the corrosion behavior of alloy materials in molten salt is crucial for the correct selection of alloy materials and the design of TES systems.In this study,the corrosion behavior of 304,310S,316,and In625 alloys in molten chloride salts(27 mol%NaCl-22 mol%KCl-51 mol%MgCl,)was investigated.The evolution of mass loss of the alloy samples with corrosion time and temperature and the analysis of the experimental results by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS),and X-ray diffraction(XRD)revealed the corrosion mechanism of the alloy samples in molten chloride salts.The main factors affecting the corrosion of the alloy samples were further analyzed.It was found that the loose multi-layer corrosion was formed on the surface of the corroded alloy samples with the increase in corrosion degree.Moreover,the experimental results.showed that Mo played a positive role in improving the corrosion resistance of the alloy samples because the presence of Mo could inhibit the outward diffusion of alloying element Cr.This work enriches the molten salt corrosion database and provides a reference for the selection of alloy materials for TES systems with potential application in CSP plants.

关键词： Thermal energy storage Molten chloride salt Alloy materials Corrosion mechanism Corrosion resistance

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