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Effects of Soil Hydraulic Properties on Soil Moisture Estimation

Journal of Meteorological Research 2023年第1期37卷 58-74页

作者： Xiaolei FU Haishen LYU Zhongbo YU Xiaolei JIANG Yongjian DING Donghai ZHENG Jinbai HUANG Hongyuan FANG College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009 Key Laboratory of Hydrometeorological Disaster Mechanism and Warning of Ministry of Water resources Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 State Key Laboratory of Hydrology–Water resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098 Joint International Research Laboratory of Global Change and Water Cycle Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098 Yangtze institute for Conservation and Development Hohai UniversityNanjing210098 State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000 institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101

Accurate quantification of soil moisture is essential to understand the land surface *** hydraulic properties influence water transport in soil and thus affect the estimation of soil ***,some soil hydraulic properties are only observable at a few field *** this study,the effects of soil hydraulic properties on soil moisture estimation are investigated by using the one-dimensional(1-D)Richards equation at ELBARA,which is part of the Maqu monitoring network over the Tibetan Plateau(TP),*** moisture assimilation experiments are then conducted with the unscented weighted ensemble Kalman filter(UWEnKF).The results show that the soil hydraulic properties significantly affect soil moisture *** soil hydraulic conductivity(Ksat)is optimized based on its observations in each soil layer with a genetic algorithm(GA,a widely used optimization method in hydrology),and the 1-D Richards equation performs well using the optimized *** the range of Ksat for a complete soil profile is known for a particular soil texture(rather than for arbitrary layers within the horizon),optimized Ksat for each soil layer can be obtained by increasing the number of generations in GA,although this increases the computational cost of *** performs well with optimized Ksat,and improves the accuracy of soil moisture simulation more than that with calculated ***,better soil moisture estimation can be obtained by using optimized saturated volumetric soil moisture content *** summary,an accurate soil profile can be obtained by using soil moisture assimilation with optimized soil hydraulic properties.

关键词： soil moisture one-dimensional(1-D)Richards equation unscented weighted ensemble Kalman filter(UWEnKF) soil hydraulic properties genetic algorithm

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Gridded reconstruction of the population in the traditional cultivated region of China from 1776 to 1953

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第2期65卷 365-378页

作者： Xuezhen ZHANG Fahao WANG Weidong LU Shicheng LI Jingyun ZHENG Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Faculty of Geographic Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Center for Historical Geographical Studies Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Land Resource Management School of Public AdministrationChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China College of resources and environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Using modern census and environmental factor data,this study first identified the environmental factors that significantly affect the population distribution through Geodetector analysis and then constructed a population spatial distribution model based on the random forest regression ***,with this model and historical population data that were examined and corrected by historians,gridded population distributions with a spatial resolution of 10 km by 10 km in the traditional cultivated region of China(TCRC,hereafter)were reconstructed for six time slices from 1776 to *** the reconstruction dataset,the spatiotemporal characteristics of the population distribution were *** results showed that(1)the environmental factors that significantly affected the population density differences among counties in the TCRC mainly consisted of elevation,slope,relief amplitude,distances to the nearest prefectural and provincial capitals,distance to the nearest river and the climatology moisture index.(2)Using the census data of 1934 counties in the TCRC in 2000 and the abovementioned environmental factor data,a random forest regression algorithm-based population spatial distribution model was *** determination coefficient(R^(2))is *** 88.4%of the counties(districts),the relative errors of the model predictions were less than 50%.(3)From 1776 to 1953,the total population in the study area showed an *** to 1851,the population increased mainly in the Yangtze River *** this period,the number of grid cells in which the population densities were greater than 500 persons per km^(2) increased from 292 to *** 1851 to 1953,the population increased extensively across the study *** the North China Plain and the Pearl River Delta,the number of grid cells in which the population densities were greater than 500 persons per km^(2) increased from 36 to 88 and from 4 to 35,*** spatial clustering pattern of the popula

关键词： Population Traditional cultivated region of China(TCRC) Historical periods Gridded reconstruction

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International trade,carbon leakage,and CO_2 emissions of manufacturing industry

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Chinese Journal of Population,resources and environment 2015年第2期13卷 139-145页

作者： Jingyan Fu Chunjun Zhang College of Economics Research Institute of ResourceEnvironment and Sustainable DevelopmentJinan University

Foreign trade drives China's growth,but as the trade scale continues to expand,the carbon emissions also increase *** on the industry panel data from 1996 to 2010,this paper calculates carbon emissions of 27manufacturing *** to the intensity of carbon emissions,this paper divides the manufacturing sectors into low carbon and high carbon manufacturing industry and then analyzes the carbon emission ***,the paper uses the feasible generalized least square regression to verify the existence of environmental Kuznets curve(EKC)of the manufacturing industry's *** order to investigate the carbon leakage problem,the regression also includes the interaction term between trade and industrial value *** findings are as follows:the carbon emissions of the whole manufacturing industry and low carbon manufacturing industry accord with the EKC curve,but have a linear relationship with the high carbon manufacturing industry;trade reduces the carbon emissions of the whole manufacturing industry and low carbon manufacturing industry,but it increases those of the high carbon manufacturing industry;for the whole manufacturing industry and low carbon manufacturing industry,there is no carbon leakage,but it exists in the high carbon manufacturing *** the whole,pollution haven hypothesis does not hold up in China,and China does not need to limit industry foreign trade to reduce the emission of CO_*** the manufacturing industry will still be the main engine of the economic growth,and therefore our country should make an effective low-carbon policy,introduce advanced technology,increase R&D investment into lowcarbon technologies,and upgrade and transform the original equipment to change the backward mode of production.

关键词： international trade carbon emission EKC carbon leakage

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Study on the Landscape Pattern of Dalian Jinshitan National Holiday Resort in the Context of Tourism Urbanization

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Chinese Journal of Urban and environmental Studies 2017年第3期5卷 55-68页

作者： ZHANG Ruiying XI Jianchao ZHANG Nan Tianjin agricultural University institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

Resort-based urbanization is an important form of tourism *** paper analyzes the basic characteristics and diversity of landscape elements under the influence of the tourist development of Jinshitan National Holiday Resort(JNHR),discusses the changes in the spatial distribution of landscapes,and reveals how landscapes have changed under the influence of the tourism development of *** study shows that the whole landscape at Jinshitan has undergone a process from fragmentation to integration in the context of manmade tourism development and *** more tourism projects are developed,supporting infrastructures and facilities are continuously *** in Jinshitan have been vigorously developed in depth and extended from coastal area to inland *** shown by the changing spatial distribution of relocated and commercial housing estates since 1992,there have been differences in the location,living environment and available landscapes between the housing estates,indicating the heterogeneity of social space and inequality in the living environment.

关键词： Tourism urbanization Jinshitan landscape pattern evolution

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Past,present and future of saline lakes:research for global sustainable development

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2015年第6期33卷 1349-1353页

作者： Nickolai SHADRIN 郑绵平 Aharon OREN institute of Marine Biological Research MLR Key Laboratory of Saline Lake resources and environments Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological Sciences Department of Plant and environmental Sciences The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life SciencesThe Hebrew University of JerusalemEdmond J.Safra Campus

The 12 th International Conference on Salt Lake Research was held in Langfang City,China from July 14 to 18,*** manuscripts of presentations have been retained for publication in this special *** are very diverse,covering the biology,physics,chemistry and geology of salt lakes,the history of hydrological research on the Dead Sea,the effects of socioeconomic and environmental policies by stakeholders on human populations,and the increasing salinization of freshwater lakes around the world.

关键词：全球可持续发展盐湖国际会议环境政策社会经济淡水湖泊廊坊市生物学

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Lignin-derived hard carbon anode with a robust solid electrolyte interphase for boosted sodium storage performance

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Carbon Energy 2024年第9期6卷 235-244页

作者： Jingqiang Zheng Yulun Wu Chaohong Guan Danjun Wang Yanqing Lai Jie Li Fuhua Yang Simin Li Zhian Zhang Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Value-Added Metallurgy National Energy Metal Resources and New Materials Key LaboratorySchool of Metallurgy and EnvironmentEngineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery MaterialsCentral South UniversityChangshaChina University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Helmholtz institute Ulm UlmGermany

Hard carbon is regarded as a promising anode candidate for sodium-ion batteries due to its low cost,relatively low working voltage,and satisfactory specific ***,it still remains a challenge to obtain a high-performance hard carbon anode from cost-effective carbon *** addition,the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)is subjected to continuous rupture during battery cycling,leading to fast capacity ***,a lignin-based hard carbon with robust SEI is developed to address these issues,effectively killing two birds with one *** innovative gas-phase removal-assisted aqueous washing strategy is developed to remove excessive sodium in the precursor to upcycle industrial lignin into high-value hard carbon,which demonstrated an ultrahigh sodium storage capacity of 359 mAh g^(-1).It is found that the residual sodium components from lignin on hard carbon act as active sites that controllably regulate the composition and morphology of SEI and guide homogeneous SEI growth by a near-shore aggregation mechanism to form thin,dense,and organic-rich *** from these merits,the as-developed SEI shows fast Na+transfer at the interphases and enhanced structural stability,thus preventing SEI rupture and reformation,and ultimately leading to a comprehensive improvement in sodium storage performance.

关键词： hard carbon lignin sodium components sodium-ion storage solid electrolyte interphase

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Improving winter wheat grain yield and water-/nitrogen-use efficiency by optimizing the micro-sprinkling irrigation amount and nitrogen application rate

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第2期20卷 606-621页

作者： LI Jin-peng ZHANG Zhen YAO Chun-sheng LIU Yang WANG Zhi-min FANG Bao-ting ZHANG Ying-hua College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China School of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036P.R.China Wheat Research institute Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou 450002P.R.China

Available irrigation resources are becoming increasingly scarce in the North China Plain (NCP),and nitrogen-use efficiency of crop production is also relatively ***,it is imperative to improve the water-use efficiency (WUE) and nitrogen fertilizer productivity on the ***,we conducted a two-year field experiment to explore the effects of different irrigation amounts (S60,60 mm;S90,90 mm;S120,120 mm;S150,150 mm) and nitrogen application rates (150,195 and 240 kg ha^(–1);denoted as N1,N2 and N3,respectively) under micro-sprinkling with water and nitrogen combined on the grain yield(GY),yield components,leaf area index (LAI),flag leaf chlorophyll content,dry matter accumulation (DM),WUE,and nitrogen partial factor productivity (NPFP).The results indicated that the GY and NPFP increased significantly with increasing irrigation amount,but there was no significant difference between S120 and S150;WUE significantly increased first but then decreased with increasing irrigation and S120 achieved the highest *** increase in nitrogen was beneficial to improving the GY and WUE in S60 and S90,while the excessive nitrogen application (N3) significantly reduced the GY and WUE in S120 and S150 compared with those in the N2 *** NPFP significantly decreased with increasing nitrogen rate under the same irrigation *** synchronous increase in spike number (SN) and 1 000-grain weight (TWG)was the main reason for the large increase in GY by micro-sprinkling with increasing irrigation,and the differences in SN and TGW between S120 and S150 were *** S60 and S90,the TGW increased with increasing nitrogen application,which enhanced the GY,while N2 achieved the highest TWG in S120 and *** the filling stage,the LAI increased with increasing irrigation,and greater amounts of irrigation significantly increased the chlorophyll content in the flag leaf,which was instrumental in increasing DM after anthesis and increasing the ***-sprinkling with in

关键词： micro-sprinkling irrigation winter wheat grain yield water and nitrogen utilization

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Investigation of Detailed Kinetic Scheme Performance on Modelling of Turbulent Non-Premixed Sooting Flames

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Journal of Thermal Science 2011年第6期20卷 548-555页

作者： Y.Yunardi D.Darmadi H.Hisbullah M.Fairweather Department of Chemical Engineering Syiah Kuala University Energy and resources Research institute SPEMEUniversity of LeedsLeedsUnited Kingdom

This paper presents the results of an application of a first-order conditional moment closure （CMC） approach coupled with a semi-empirical soot model to investigate the effect of various detailed combustion chemistry schemes on soot formation and destruction in turbulent non-premixed flames. A two-equation soot model repre- senting soot particle nucleation, growth, coagulation and oxidation, was incorporated into the CMC model. The turbulent flow-field of both flames is described using the Favre-averaged fluid-flow equations, applying a stan- dard k-c turbulence model. A number of five reaction kinetic mechanisms having 50 - 100 species and 200 - 1000 elementary reactions called ABF, Miller-Bowman, GRI-Mech3.0, Warnatz, and Qin were employed to study the effect of combustion chemistry schemes on soot predictions. The results showed that of various kinetic schemes being studied, each yields similar accuracy in temperature prediction when compared with experimental data. With respect to soot prediction, the kinetic scheme containing benzene elementary reactions tends to result in a better prediction on soot concentrations in comparison to those contain no benzene elementary reactions. Among five kinetic mechanisms being studied, the Qin combustion scheme mechanism turned to yield the best prediction on both flame temperature and soot levels.

关键词： soot conditional moment closure combustion kinetic scheme non-premixed turbulent flame

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U-Pb zircon ages of intermediate granulites and deformed granites in Dabie Mountains, Central China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1996年第22期41卷 1886-1890页

作者：陈能松游振东索书田杨勇李惠民 Faculty of Geological Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Tianjin institute of Geology and Mineral resources. Ministry of Geology and Mineral resources Tianjin 300170 China

In the Dabie area,the coesite- and microdiamond-bearing eclogites are wellexposed,and metamorphic rocks of granulite and amphibolite facies are much *** recent years a number of methods are systematically applied to thedating of eclogite ***,the age of granulitic rocks are scarcely *** obtained results of U-Pb dating of minor amount zircon single crystals extractedfrom the intermediate granulites and the deformed granites are reported.1 Geological aspects of

关键词： granulite facies of metamorphism deformed granite U-Pb zircon geochronology Dabie Mountains.

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Assessment of wetland fragmentation in the middle reaches of the Heihe River by the type change tracker model

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第2期7卷 177-188页

作者： RuiFeng ZHAO ZuoLun XIE LiHua ZHANG Wen ZHU Jie LI Dan LIANG College of Geography and environment Science Northwest Normal University Cold and Arid Regions environmental and Engineering Research institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

The quantitative research of wetland landscape fragmentation in the middle reaches of the Heihe River is important for the wetland and oasis sustainable development in the Hexi Corridor. Based on the data of remote sensing and GIS, we constructed the type change tracker model with sliding window technique and spatially mor- phological rule. The suitable scale and optimum scale of the fragmentation model of wetland landscape in the middle reaches of the Heihe River were determined by the area frequency statistics method, Chi-square distribution normal- ized scale variance, fractal dimension and diversity index. By integrating type change tracker model and the optimum scale with GIS spatial analysis, the spatial distribution characteristics of wetland landscape fragmentation in different periods and the related spatial-temporal change process were clarified. The results showed that （1） the type change tracker model, which analyzes the spatial pattern of wetland fragmentation on the pixel level, is better than the tradi- tional wetland fragmentation analysis on the landscape and patch levels; （2） The suitable scale for the wetland frag- mentation ranged from 150 rex150 m to 450 mx450 m and the optimum scale was 250 mx250 m in the middle reaches of the Heihe River; and （3） In the past 35 years, the total wetland area decreased by 23.2% and the frag- mentatJon of wetland markedly increased in the middle reaches of the Heihe River. The areas of core wetlands re- duced by 12.8% and the areas of perforated, edge and patch wetlands increased by 0.8%, 3.1% and 8.9%, respec- tively. The process of wetland fragmentation in the research region showed the order of core wetland, perforated or edge wetland, patch wetland or non-wetland. The results of this study would provide a reference for the protection, utilization and restoration of limited wetland resources and for the sustainable development of the regional eco-environment in the Heihe River Basin.

关键词： wetland landscape pattern fragmentation the type change tracker model Heihe River

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