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Effect of coordination structure of aluminum on its activation from minerals and Oxisols during their acidification

Pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 916-928页

作者： Kewei LI Yangxiaoxiao SHI Jackson Nkoh NKOH Jun JIANG Renkou XU State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The types and contents of phyllosilicate minerals in soils play an important role in soil acidification,as soil acid buffering capacity varies with the composition of the phyllosilicate *** addition to aluminum-oxygen （Al-O） octahedrons,a certain number of Al-O tetrahedrons exist in phyllosilicate minerals due to the isomorphic substitution of silicon ion (Si4+) by aluminum ion (Al3+) in Si-O tetrahedrons of ***,the effect of the two coordination structures of Al on the release of Al during mineral acidification has not yet been ***,the differences in Al activation in phyllosilicate minerals and soils with different Al coordination structures were investigated through constant-p H experiments and27Al magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance （MAS-NMR） *** results of27Al MAS-NMR spectra showed that kaolinite contained Al-O octahedrons,phlogopite and illite contained Al-O tetrahedrons,and vermiculite composite contained both octahedral and tetrahedral *** p Hvermiculite composite>phlogopite>kaolinite,which was consistent with the orders of cation exchange capacity and content of tetrahedral Al of the *** to the rate constants,the Al release rates were in the order of phlogopite>illite>vermiculite composite>kaolinite at p H *** for phlogopite,the Al release rates in these minerals increased with decreasing suspension p ***,the Al release contents and rates were greater in phlogopite,illite,and vermiculite composite containing Al-O tetrahedrons than in kaolinite containing only Al-O *** Oxisols derived from basalt with different ages were selected for similar ***27Al MAS-NMR spectra of the Oxisols showed that the 0.01-million-year （Ma） Oxisol contained both octahedral and tetrahedral Al,while the 1.33-Ma Oxisol contained only Al-O *** contents of b

关键词： Al-O octahedrons Al-O tetrahedrons aluminum release exchangeable Al phyllosilicate minerals soil acidification

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Co-incorporation of Chinese milk vetch(Astragalus sinicus L.)and chemical fertilizers alters microbial functional genes supporting short-time scale positive nitrogen priming effects in paddy soils

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 567-576页

作者： Limin WANG Chunmei HE Dongfeng HUANG Juhua YU Cailing LIU Qinghua LI Yibin HUANG Juan LI Fei WANG institute of Resources Environment and Soil FertilizerSoil and Fertilizer InstituteFujian Academy of Agricultural SciencesFuzhou 350012(China) School of Resources and Environment Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601(China)

Nitrogen(N)priming is a microbially mediated biochemical process as affected by different incorporation ***,little information is known about the microbial mechanisms driving the response of N priming to co-operation of Chinese milk vetch(CMV,Astragalus sinicus L.)and different rates of chemical fertilizers in paddy soils in South ***,an anaerobic incubation experiment was conducted to study N priming effects(PE)and their relationships with soil microbial functional genes after CMV incorporation alone(M),co-incorporation of CMV with 100%(normal dosage)chemical fertilizers(MC100),and co-incorporation of CMV with 80% chemical fertilizers(MC80).Co-incorporation of CMV and chemical fertilizers enhanced the short-time scale(the first 20 d of incubation)positive PE of N,while no significant differences existed among the three treatments on day 60 or 90 of incubation(P>0.05).Compared with the M treatment,gross priming effect(GPE)in the MC100 and MC80 treatments significantly increased by 34.0% and 31.3%,respectively,and net priming effect(NPE)increased by 47.7% and 47.8%,respectively,during the first 20 d of incubation(Psoil nutrient availability and added substrate *** MC100 and MC80 treatments increased the gdhA gene abundance by 5.0% and 9.8%,increased the gdh2 gene abundance by 12.7% and 45.7%,and increased the nasB gene abundance by 9.5% and 41.4%,respectively,in comparison with the M treatment on day 20 of *** analyses indicated that soil microbial functional genes involved in N mineralization(gdhA and gdh2),assimilatory nitrate reduction(nasB),and nitrification(amoB)were significantly correlated with N priming under different incorporation practices during the incubation period(Psoil microbial community functional gene structure,which may accelerate mineralization and assimilatory nitrate reduction and inhibit

关键词： green manure gross priming effect incorporation practice microbial mechanism net priming effect rice field soil

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Microplastics may reduce the fish bioaccumulation of organic pollutants

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3079-3090页

作者： YANG Bing ZHOU Xian HU XiaoJie QIN Chao WANG Jian GAO YanZheng institute of Organic Contaminant Control and soil Remediation College of Resource and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural University

Microplastics have frequently been regarded as a threat to aquatic organisms due to their potential to enhance the accessibility of organic pollutants. However, studies of microplastics as “carriers” in the process of bioaccumulation have only been conducted on a few organic contaminants. In this study, we employed machine learning algorithms to predict the sorption capacity of 83 exogenous organic pollutants(in CCL4) on microplastics, the prediction model exhibits exceptional predictive performance,achieving R2values of 0.8651 and 0.6962, RMSE values of 0.4625 and 0.1841 for the sorption coefficients Kfand n, respectively,and quantitatively estimated the contribution of microplastics to the bioaccumulation levels of organic pollutants in Gadus morhua. By considering both natural and microplastic-ingesting pathways, we demonstrated that the ingestion of microplastics containing organic pollutants facilitates the entry of organic pollutants into Gadus morhua. However, due to their robust sorption capacity, microplastics transport the organic pollutants accumulated through the natural pathway out of the fish, thereby preventing bioaccumulation. These findings elucidate the “cleaning” mechanism of microplastics concerning various organic pollutants in aquatic organisms, providing valuable insights for accurately assessing the risk of microplastics in aquatic environments.

关键词： microplastics aquatic organisms organic pollutants machine learning risks

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Cadmium found in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) kernels mainly originates from root uptake rather than shell absorption from soil

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Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 726-735页

作者： Xin TANG Yurong WANG Changfeng DING Yuepeng YIN Zhigao ZHOU Taolin ZHANG Xingxiang WANG CAS Key Laboratory of soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Ecological Experimental Station of Red soil Chinese Academy of SciencesYingtan 335211China

Roots and shells are two potential organs through which peanut plants absorb cadium(Cd)from soils;however,the relative contributions of the two uptake pathways(root uptake and shell absorption)to kernel Cd accumulation and their translocation characteristics are poorly *** this study,the relative contributions of the two pathways to Cd accumulation in two peanut cultivars,Xianghua2008(XH)and Yueyou43(YY),were accurately assessed by labeling rooting and podding zone soils with 113Cd and 111Cd isotopes(0.3 mg kg^(-1) dry soil),respectively,in a split-pot *** results showed that approximately 96%of the Cd accumulated in the peanut kernels was derived from root uptake,while only 4%originated from shell *** 1%of the Cd accumulated in whole peanut plants was attributed to shell absorption,of which 41%–44%was retained in shells and 56%–59%was translocated to *** contrast,the Cd absorbed by roots was efficiently translocated into all plant organs,of which 80%–84%was distributed in *** YY accumulated 1.3 times more Cd in whole plants than XH,the relative contributions of the two pathways to Cd accumulation in each plant organ were barely affected by peanut *** to the strong retention effect of shells,shell-derived Cd was approximately 2 times higher than root-derived Cd in *** results would improve the understanding of Cd accumulation processes in peanut plants,revealing that the root uptake pathway contributes predominantly to the Cd concentration in peanut kernels,based on which strategies and technology for the reduction of Cd in peanut plants could be designed and developed.

关键词： contamination heavy metal isotope-labeling technique relative contribution translocation factor uptake pathway

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Rhizosphere microbes influence wogonoside accumulation in perennial Scutellaria baicalensis

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 553-566页

作者： Yang SUN Hong LIU Junwei PENG Minchong SHEN Yang HU Dongsheng YU Jiangang LI Yuanhua DONG CAS Key Laboratory of soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049(China) Tobacco Research institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Qingdao 266101(China)

Dried roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi are an acclaimed traditional Chinese medicine,and wogonoside content is a key indicator used to evaluate *** *** than rising linearly with cultivation years,*** quality initially increases and then ***,little is known regarding the dynamic variations in *** rhizosphere microorganisms under long-term cultivation and underlying mechanisms of their effects on wogonoside formation and *** aim of this study was to investigate the roles of soil nutrients and rhizosphere microbes on *** quality across different cultivation years(1-4 years).The wogonoside content(25.14 mg g^(-1))was highest in the biennial *** and then decreased following long-term *** soil nutrients(available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available iron,available manganese,and available zinc)were reduced significantly as cultivation years *** also affected rhizosphere bacterial community structure significantly,driving it toward deterministic process(i.e.,β-nearest taxon indexsoil nutrients and microorganisms,which may theoretically support the future artificial cultivation and management of Chinese medicinal plants.

关键词： bacterial diversity medicinal plant rhizosphere bacterial community soil nutrient wogonoside content wogonoside formation

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Characteristics of the microbial communities regulate soil multi-functionality under different cover crop amendments in Ultisol

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2099-2111页

作者： Guilong Li Xiaofen Chen Wenjing Qin Jingrui Chen Ke Leng Luyuan Sun Ming Liu Meng Wu Jianbo Fan Changxu Xu Jia Liu soil and Fertilizer&Resources and Environment institute Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchang 330200China Key Laboratory of Acidified soil Amelioration and Utilization Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNanchang 330200China Ecological Experimental Station of Red soil Chinese Academy of SciencesYingtan 335211China

The use of cover crops is a promising strategy for influencing the soil microbial consortium,which is essential for the delivery of multiple soil functions(i.e.,soil multifunctionality).Nonetheless,relatively little is known about the role of the soil microbial consortium in mediating soil multifunctionality under different cover crop amendments in dryland ***,we assessed the multifunctionality of soils subjected to four cover crop amendments(control,non-amended treatment;RD,radish monoculture;HV,hairy vetch monoculture;and RDHV,radish-hairy vetch mixture),and we investigated the contributions of soil microbial richness,network complexity,and ecological clusters to soil *** results demonstrated that cover crops whose chemical composition differed from that of the main plant crop promoted higher multifunctionality,and the radish-hairy vetch mixture rendered the highest *** obtained evidence that changes in soil microbial richness and network complexity triggered by the cover crops were associated with higher soil ***,specialized microbes in a key ecological cluster(ecological cluster 2)of the soil microbial network were particularly important for maintaining soil *** results highlight the importance of cover crop-induced variations in functionally important taxa for promoting the soil multifunctionality of dryland Ultisols.

关键词： cover crops soil multifunctionality microbial richness network complexity ecological cluster

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soil type and wetting intensity control the enhancement extent of N_(2)O efflux in soil with drought and rewetting cycles

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 137-144页

作者： Panpan Jiao Lei Yang Zhongwu Li Peng Zheng Xiaodong Nie School of Geographical Sciences Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China State Key Laboratory of soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of EducationYangling 712100China institute of soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Climate change alters the intensity and frequency of drought and rewetting(D/W)events;however,the influence patterns of D/W on soil N_(2)O efflux in the water-limited area were not fully ***,the impacts of D/W cycles varying in different extent of rewetting and frequency to N_(2)O efflux in two kinds of soil on the Loess Plateau were *** incubation conditions consisted of 1)D/W treatments with four 7-day cycles from 10%water holding capacity(WHC)to 60%WHC or 90%WHC,2)constant moisture of 60%WHC and 90%*** pulse of N_(2)O efflux rate under 10-60%WHC treatment was higher than that under 10-90%WHC treatment in calcic cambisols,while opposite trend was observed in earth-cumuli-orthic ***,the pulse of N_(2)O efflux rate decreased as cycle number increased for different wetting intensities and soil *** direct N_(2)O efflux under 10-60%WHC and 10-90%WHC treatments were 5.49 and 1.89μg N_(2)O-N g^(-1)soil in calcic cambisols,with those being 1.92 and 10.85μg N_(2)O-N g^(-1)soil in earth-cumuli-orthic anthrosols,*** N loss in earth-cumuli-orthic anthrosols was approximately 5.74 times greater than that in calcic cambisols under 10-90%WHC treatment,whereas the N loss under 10-60%WHC treatment was about 2.86 times greater in calcic cambisols than that in earth-cumuli-orthic *** study suggested that extreme rainfall events can enhance the N_(2)O efflux and N loss in agricultural soils on the Loess Plateau in terms of soil type and wetting intensity,which should not be ignored in the N fertilizer management.

关键词： Drought/rewetting cycles N_(2)O efflux Wetting intensity Microbial biomass N Dissolved organic N Loess plateau

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Runoff and Infiltration responses of revegetated slopes to clipping management on the northern Loess Plateau

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 171-183页

作者： Qilin He Binbin Li Fengbao Zhang Nan Shen Mingyi Yang The Research Center of soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of EducationYanglingShaanxi712100China institute of soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYanglingShaanxi712100China institute of soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi712100China Water and soil Conservation Monitoring Center of Ministry of Water Resources Beijing100053China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Large-scale vegetation restoration can reduce local watershed water yield,limit vegetation establishment and subsequent growth,and influence regional ecosystem *** management by reducing aboveground parts of grassland was gradually recommended and adopted in Grain-for-Green project management to offset these additional ***,scientific evaluation of the effectiveness of clipping management on infiltration and runoff processes is necessary for maintaining the stability of the surface water system and the sustainability of vegetation restoration in semi-arid regions.A field simulated rainfall experiment was conducted with four managed clipping grasslands(mainly bunge needlegrass and Stipa grandis),including no clipping,light clipping,heavy clipping,and complete clipping under three slope gradients(10,20,and 30°)and three rainfall intensities(60,90,and 120 mm/h)to explore the mechanism of runoff and infiltration responses to clipping using structural equation modeling and variation partitioning based on an SCS-CN *** results showed the runoff coefficient of the light clipping,heavy clipping,and complete clipping plots were 1.33,2.22,and 4.22 times that of the no clipping *** light clipping,heavy clipping,and complete clipping plots decreased the infiltration coefficients by 0%,5%,and 26%relative to the no clipping *** intensity dominated runoff and infiltration amounts,and clipping intensity's total effect was stronger than slope *** intensity and slope gradient were more influential on runoff with increasing rainfall *** mutual inhibition effect was between clipping intensity and slope gradient on *** order to maintain the sustainability of restoration,a 25-50%vegetation coverage after clipping maximizes the benefits of increasing runoff and maintaining enough soil water supply that prevents possible soil *** propose that future vegetation restoration policies should evaluate the appropriat

关键词： Runoff Infiltration Grassland clipping management SCS-CN model Structural equation model Variation partitioning

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Legacy of herbicides in water from Hailun City,Northeast China:Occurrence,source,and ecological risk assessment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第11期145卷 50-63页

作者： Jun Ma Wenjie Ren Hongzhe Wang Jiayin Song Junfeng Jia Hong Chen Changyin Tan Ying Teng School of Geographic Sciences Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Key Laboratory of soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China College of Materials and Chemistry Tongren UniversityTongren 554300China

Herbicides(HBCs)are extensively used in modern ***,their potential negative impacts on environmental media have emerged as a significant environmental *** this study,we employed positivematrix factorization(PMF)to identify the potential sources of ***,we utilized amulti-matrix ecological riskmodel to assess the risks associated with HBCs in both surface water and groundwater in the black soil region of Northeast *** findings revealed that the levels of15HBCs in surface water and groundwater ranged from585.84 to 6466.96 ng/L and 4.80 to 11,774.64 ng/L,*** PMF results indicated that surface runoff and erosion accounted for 50%of the total HBCs in water,serving as the primary *** tested HBCs exhibited acute risk values within acceptable *** risk index for the∑15HBCs was categorized as“moderate risk”in 31%of the surface waters and 13%of the ***,4%of the groundwater sampling sites reached the“high risk”*** chronic risk quotient of∑15HBCs in surface water and groundwater was 92%and 62%at the“high risk”level,***,noncarcinogenic HBCs contributed more significantly to the ecotoxicology of the aquatic system than carcinogenic *** study provides comprehensive information on the legacy of HBCs in water bodies and emphasizes the potential risks posed by HBCs to aquatic *** results obtained from this study could help relevant management authorities in developing and implementing effective regulations tomitigate the ecological and environmental risks associated with HBCs.

关键词： Herbicide Surface and groundwater Source apportionment Ecological risk assessment

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Green manuring relocates microbiomes in driving the soil functionality of nitrogen cycling to obtain preferable grain yields in thirty years

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 596-610页

作者： Guopeng Zhou Kunkun Fan Songjuan Gao Danna Chang Guilong Li Ting Liang Hai Liang Shun Li Jiudong Zhang Zongxian Che Weidong Cao State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China institute of soil&Fertilizer and Resource&Environment Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchang 330200China institute of soil and Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture Gansu Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou 730070China

Fertilizers are widely used to produce more food, inevitably altering the diversity and composition of soil organisms. The role of soil biodiversity in controlling multiple ecosystem services remains unclear, especially after decades of fertilization. Here, we assess the contribution of the soil functionalities of carbon(C), nitrogen(N), and phosphorus(P) cycling to crop production and explore how soil organisms control these functionalities in a 33-year field fertilization experiment. The long-term application of green manure or cow manure produced wheat yields equivalent to those obtained with chemical N, with the former providing higher soil functions and allowing the functionality of N cycling(especially soil N mineralization and biological N fixation) to control wheat production. The keystone phylotypes within the global network rather than the overall microbial community dominated the soil multifunctionality and functionality of C,N, and P cycling across the soil profile(0–100 cm). We further confirmed that these keystone phylotypes consisted of many metabolic pathways of nutrient cycling and essential microbes involved in organic C mineralization, N_(2)O release, and biological N fixation. The chemical N, green manure, and cow manure resulted in the highest abundances of amoB, nifH, and GH48 genes and Nitrosomonadaceae,Azospirillaceae, and Sphingomonadaceae within the keystone phylotypes, and these microbes were significantly and positively correlated with N_(2)O release, N fixation, and organic C mineralization, respectively. Moreover, our results demonstrated that organic fertilization increased the effects of the network size and keystone phylotypes on the subsoil functions by facilitating the migration of soil microorganisms across the soil profiles and green manure with the highest migration rates. This study highlights the importance of the functionality of N cycling in controlling crop production and keystone phylotypes in regulating soil functions, an

关键词： soil biodiversity soil multifunctionality element cycling keystone phylotypes

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