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Insights into the kinetics–morphology relationship of 1-, 2-, and 3D TiNb_(2)O_(7) anodes for Li-ion storage

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Nano research 2024年第4期17卷 2770-2780页

作者： Wenlei Xu Yaolin Xu Veronika Grzimek Andrea Martin Thorsten Schultz Patrícia Arusso Yan Lu Norbert Koch Nicola Pinna Department of Chemistry IRIS Adlershof and the Center for the Science of Materials BerlinHumboldt-Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Str.212489 BerlinGermany Department of Electrochemical Energy Storage Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und EnergieHahn-Meitner-Platz 114109 BerlinGermany institut für physik and IrIS Adlershof Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Str.212489 BerlinGermany Joint research Group of Molecular Systems Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie12489 BerlinGermany

understanding the influence of electrode material’s morphology on electrochemical behavior is of great significance for the development of rechargeable batteries,however,such studies are often limited by the inability to precisely control the morphology of electrode ***,nanostructured titanium niobium oxides(TiNb_(2)O_(7))with three different morphologies(one-dimensional(1D),two-dimensional(2D),and three-dimensional(3D))were synthesized via a facile microwave-assisted solvothermal *** influence of the morphological dimension of TiNb_(2)O_(7) as electrode material on the electrochemical performance in Li-ion batteries(LIBs)and the underlying correlation with the electrochemical kinetics were studied in detail.2D TiNb_(2)O_(7)(TNO-2D)shows a superior rate capability and cycling stability,associated with improved kinetics for charge transfer and Li-ion diffusion,compared to the 1D and 3D *** X-ray diffraction measurements reveal the structural stability and crystallographic evolution of TNO-2D upon lithiation and delithiation and correlate the Li-ion diffusion kinetics with the lattice evolution during battery charge and ***,carbon-coated TNO-2D achieves enhanced rate capability(205 mAh·g^(-1) at 50 C)and long-term cycling stability(87%after 1000 cycles at 5 C).This work provides insights into the rational morphology design of electrode materials for accelerated charge transfer and enhanced fast-charging capability,pushing forward the development of electrode materials for high-power rechargeable batteries in future energy storage.

关键词： morphological dimension electrochemical kinetics lithium-ion batteries TiNb_(2)O_(7) structural evolution

Next-to-leading-order relativistic and QCD corrections to prompt J/ψpair photoproduction at future e^(+)e^(−)colliders

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期48卷 104-112页

作者： Zhi-Guo He Xiao-Bo Jin Bernd A.Kniehl rong Li Department of Physics and Electronics School of Mathematics and PhysicsBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China II.institut für Theoretische physik Universität HamburgLuruper Chaussee 14922761 HamburgGermany institut für Theoretische physik Universität Regensburg93040 RegensburgGermany Center of Advanced Quantum Studies Department of PhysicsBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter School of PhysicsXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China institute of Theoretical Physics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Within the framework of nonrelativistic-QCD factorization,we calculate both the next-to-leading-order relativistic and QCD corrections to prompt J/ψpair production,with feed-down fromψ(2S)mesons,via photon-photon collisions at future e^(+)e^(−)colliders,including the future Circular Lepton Collider(fCC-ee),the Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC),and the Compact Linear Collider(CLIC).We present total cross sections and distributions in single J/ψtransverse momentum and rapidity,as well as in J/ψpair invariant *** relativistic and QCD corrections both turn out to be large and ***,the production rates are large enough for useful experimental studies.

关键词： heavy quarkonium perturbative calculation two-photon collisions

Graphitic carbons: preparation, characterization,and application on K-ion batteries

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rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4056-4075页

作者： Kang-Zhe Cao Jia-Hui Ma Yu-Lian Dong Yu Duan run-Tian Zheng Dharani Bundhooa Hui-Qiao Liu Yong Lei College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xinyang Normal University Xinyang Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Energy Materials fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik Institut für Physik & IMN MacroNano Technische Universit?t Ilmenau Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry (CMI) University of NamurB-5000 Namur

K-ion batteries(KIBs) have drawn much attention due to the abundant potassium reserves and wide accessibility as well as high energy density, which can be designed for large-scale energy storage systems. As the most promising anode materials for KIBs, graphitic carbons, especially those with an intermediate structure between the crystalline graphite and amorphous carbons become a hot research focus because of the improved rate capability and enhanced diffusion-controlled capacity at low voltage regions. Herein, we first review the structures of graphitic carbons in the view of graphitic domains and the structure changes in their K-ion intercalation compounds. Then, we summarize the preparation mechanisms and characterizations of graphitic carbons and the influence factors in their degree of graphitization. furtherly, we illustrate the strategies to optimize their K-ion storage properties from four aspects, namely graphitic domain design, microstructure engineering, electrochemical active component regulation, and defect engineering. finally, we propose the issues that urgently need to be solved in graphitic carbons and the possible solutions. We hope that this view could offer some inspiration for the further designing and optimizing of graphitic carbons for practical KIBs.

关键词： Anodes

Temperature and structure measurements of heavy-ion-heated diamond using in situ X-ray diagnostics

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Matter and radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 80-89页

作者： J.Lutgert P.Hesselbach M.Schorner V.Bagnoud r.Belikov P.Drechsel B.Heuser O.SHumphries P.Katrik B.Lindqvist C.Qu r.redmer D.riley G.Schaumann S.Schumacher A.Tauschwitz D.Varentsov K.Weyrich X.Yu B.Zielbauer Zs.Major P.Neumayer D.Kraus institut fur physik Universitat RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str.2318059 RostockGermany GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany institut für Angewandte physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am MainMax-von-Laue-Str.160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany institut fur Geowissenschaften Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am MainAltenhoferallee 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-rossendorf Bautzner Landstr.40001328 DresdenGermany European XfEL GmbH Holzkoppel 422869 SchenefeldGermany Centre for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastUniversity RoadBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität DarmstadtSchlossgartenstr.964289 DarmstadtGermany State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Institute of Heavy Ion PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Helmholtz institut Jena Frobelstieg 307743 JenaGermany

We present in situ measurements of spectrally resolved X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction from monocrystalline diamond samples heatedwith an intense pulse of heavy *** this way,we determine the samples’heating dynamics and their microscopic and macroscopic structuralintegrity over a timespan of several *** the ratio of elastic to inelastic scattering with state-of-the-art density functionaltheory molecular dynamics simulations allows the inference of average temperatures around 1300 K,in agreement with predictions fromstopping power *** simultaneous diffraction measurements show no hints of any volumetric graphitization of the material,butdo indicate the onset of fracture in the diamond *** experiments pave the way for future studies at the facility for Antiproton andIon research,where a substantially increased intensity of the heavy ion beam will be available.

关键词： heated intense structure

Insights into Nano-and Micro-Structured Scaffolds for Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 187-230页

作者： Jiajia Qiu Yu Duan Shaoyuan Li Huaping Zhao Wenhui Ma Weidong Shi Yong Lei fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik Institut Für Physik and IMN MacroNanoTechnische Universit.t Ilmenau98693 IlmenauGermany Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal resources Clean Utilization Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy EngineeringKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013People’s Republic of China School of Science and Technology Pu’er UniversityPu’er 665000People’s Republic of China

Adopting a nano-and micro-structuring approach to fully unleashing the genuine potential of electrode active material benefits in-depth understandings and research progress toward higher energy density electrochemical energy stor-age devices at all technology readiness *** to various challenging issues,especially limited stability,nano-and micro-structured(NMS)electrodes undergo fast electrochemical performance *** emerging NMS scaffold design is a pivotal aspect of many electrodes as it endows them with both robustness and electrochemical performance enhancement,even though it only occupies comple-mentary and facilitating components for the main ***,extensive efforts are urgently needed toward optimizing the stereoscopic geometrical design of NMS scaffolds to minimize the volume ratio and maximize their functionality to fulfill the ever-increasing dependency and desire for energy power source *** review will aim at highlighting these NMS scaffold design strategies,summariz-ing their corresponding strengths and challenges,and thereby outlining the potential solutions to resolve these challenges,design principles,and key perspectives for future research in this ***,this review will be one of the earliest reviews from this viewpoint.

关键词： Nano-and micro-structured Interconnected porous Scaffolds Electrode design Electrochemical energy storage

recent progress and future prospects of high-entropy materials for battery applications

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第3期45卷 4-8页

作者： Wenbo Qiu Zidong Wang Shijiang He Huaping Zhao Yong Lei institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik Institut für Physik&IMN MacroNanoTechnische Universität IlmenauIlmenau98693Germany

Due to the energy crisis caused by limited fossil fuel reserves,extensive use of the renewable energy sources such as wind or solar energy is deemed to replace the use of traditional fossil fuels in the future^([1−3]).However,most renewable energy sources face the same problem,which is the intermittency of *** example,solar energy cannot be utilized at *** means the continuous energy demand required for large-scale power grids can’t be satisfied by a single solar panel model.

关键词： battery replace entropy

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费曼积分作为一类新的特殊函数

Science Bulletin 2024年第7期69卷 859-862页

作者：刘志峰马滟青王辰宇 Zhejiang institute of Modern Physics School of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for High Energy Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Max-Planck-institut für physik Garching 85748Germany

feynman integrals(fIs)serve as fundamental components of perturbative quantum field *** study of fIs is important for both exploring the mysteries of quantum field theories and their phenomenological applications,particularly in particle physics.A significant amount of effort has been devoted to analytically calculating fIs,with the goal of expressing them as linear combinations of special functions.

关键词： functions. theory. 特殊函数

Convergence Phenomenon with fourier Series of tg(x2)and Alike

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第7期14卷 556-595页

作者： Alfred Wünsche institut fr physik Humboldt-Universitt Berlin Berlin Germany

The fourier series of the 2π-periodic functions tg(x2)and 1sin(x)and some of their relatives (first of their integrals) are investigated and illustrated with respect to their convergence. These functions are Generalized functions and the convergence is weak convergence in the sense of the convergence of continuous linear functionals defining them. The figures show that the approximations of the fourier series possess oscillations around the function which they represent in a broad band embedding them. This is some analogue to the Gibbs phenomenon. A modification of fourier series by expansion in powers cosn(x)for the symmetric part of functions and sin(x)cosn−1(x)for the antisymmetric part (analogous to Taylor series) is discussed and illustrated by examples. The fourier series and their convergence behavior are illustrated also for some 2π-periodic delta-function-like sequences connected with the Poisson theorem showing non-vanishing oscillations around the singularities similar to the Gibbs phenomenon in the neighborhood of discontinuities of functions. .

关键词： Gibbs Phenomenon Generalized functions Weak Convergence Chebyshev Polynomials of first and Second Kind Even and Odd Generating functions for Chebyshev Polynomials Polylogarithms Completeness relations

research progress of transition metal compounds as bifunctional catalysts for zinc-air batteries

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Nano research Energy 2024年第1期3卷 78-100页

作者： Yan ran Changfan Xu Deyang Ji Huaping Zhao Liqiang Li Yong Lei fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik Institut für Physik&IMN MacroNanoTechnische Universität IlmenauIlmenau 98693Germany Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Department of ChemistryInstitute of Molecular Aggregation ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Zinc-air batteries(ZABs)are widely studied because of their high theoretical energy density,high battery voltage,environmental protection,and low ***,the slow kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction(Orr)and oxygen evolution reaction(OEr)on the air electrode limits the further application of ZABs,so that how to develop a cheap,efficient,and stable catalyst with bifunctional catalytic activity is the key to solving the development of *** metal compounds are widely used as cathode materials for ZABs due to their low cost,high electrocatalytic activity,and stable *** review summarizes the research progress of transition metal compounds as bifunctional catalysts for *** development history,operation principle,and mechanism of Orr and OEr reactions are introduced *** application and development of transition metal compounds as bifunctional catalysts for ZABs in recent years are systematically introduced,including transition metal oxides(TMOs),transition metal nitrides(TMNs),transition metal sulfides(TMSs),transition metal carbides(TMCs),transition metal phosphates(TMPs),and *** addition,the shortcomings of transition metal compounds as bifunctional catalysts for ZABs were summarized and reasonable design strategies and improvement measures were put forward,aiming at providing a reference for the design and construction of high-performance ZABs cathode ***,the challenges and future in this field are discussed and prospected.

关键词： transition metal compounds zinc-air batteries bifunctional catalysts electrochemical air electrode