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Small but big leaps towards neuroglycomics:exploring N-glycome in the brain to advance the understanding of brain development and function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 489-490页

作者： Boyoung Lee Hyun Joo An Center for Cognition and Sociality Institute for Basic Science(IBS)DaejeonSouth Korea Asia-Pacific Glycomics Reference Site DaejeonSouth Korea Graduate School of Analytical science&Technology Chungnam National UniversityDaejeonSouth Korea

Glycosylation is a process that involves the addition of sugar moieties or glycans to different types of molecules,including proteins,lipids,and nucleic *** these,protein glycosylation is one of the most prevalent forms of post-translational modification,playing a crucial role in biological *** more than ten monosaccharides identified within mammalian brain cells and more than 1×1012 possible combinations,the heterogeneity of glycosylation is extensive(Conroy et al.,2021).The diversity of glycans and the complexity of their structures allow for a wide range of protein functions.N-glycans are one of the most abundant forms of glycans and are involved in various cellular functions.N-glycans can be added to proteins at specific sequons,Asn-X-Ser/Thr,and are classified into three main types in mature glycoproteins:high mannose,complex,and *** mannose N-glycans consist of 5-9 mannose residues linked to a chitobiose core and undergo processing into complex or hybrid forms in the Golgi apparatus(Varki et al.,2017).Complex N-glycans are more diverse and contain various branched structures such as antennae with fucose,galactose,and sialic acid *** N-glycans contain one or more complex branches in conjunction with an oligomannose branch(Fisher and Ungar,2016).Understanding the specific functions of these different types of N-glycans in protein regulation,folding,and function is an active area of research in the life sciences,including glycobiology.

关键词： functions function apparatus

Partial Collapsing Degeneration of Floer Trajectories and Adiabatic Gluing

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第1期40卷 161-249页

作者： Yong-Geun OH Ke ZHU Center for Geometry and Physics Institute for Basic Science(IBS)79 Jigok-ro 127beon-gilNam-guPohang-siGyeongsangbuk-doKorea 37673&POSTECHGyeongsangbuk doKorea Department of Mathematics and Statistics Minnesota State UniversityMankatoMN 56001USA

In the present paper,we study partial collapsing degeneration of Hamiltonian-perturbed Floer trajectories for an adiabatic ε-family and its reversal adiabatic gluing,as the prototype of the partial collapsing degeneration of 2-dimensional(perturbed)J-holomorphic maps to 1-dimensional gradient *** consider the case when the Floer equations are S^(1)-invariant on parts of their domains whose adiabatic limit has positive length as ε→0,which we call thimble-flow-thimble *** main gluing theorem we prove also applies to the case with Lagrangian boundaries such as in the problem of recovering holomorphic disks out of pearly *** particular,our gluing theorem gives rise to a new direct proof of the chain isomorphism property between the Morse-Bott version of Lagrangian intersection Floer complex of L by Fukaya-Oh-Ohta-Ono and the pearly complex of L Lalonde and *** also provides another proof of the present authors’earlier proof of the isomorphism property of the PSS map without involving the target rescaling and the scale-dependent gluing.

关键词： Floer trajectory equation partial collapsing degeneration thimble-flow-thimble moduli space adiabatic gluing exponential decay estimates three-interval method

Simulation of magnetization process and Faraday effect of magnetic bilayer films

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CHINESE PHYSICS B 2024年第9期33卷 590-597页

作者： Gao, Sheng Du, An Zhang, Lei Li, Tian-Guang Ma, Da-Cheng Shenyang inst sci & Technol Dept Basic & Gen Studies Shenyang 110167 Peoples R China Northeastern Univ Coll Sci Shenyang 110819 Peoples R China Northeastern Univ Natl Frontiers Sci Ctr Ind Intelligence & Syst Opt Shenyang 110819 Peoples R China Shenyang inst sci & Technol Off Acad Res Shenyang 110167 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Shenyang Inst Automation State Key Lab Robot Shenyang 110016 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Inst Robot & Intelligent Mfg Shenyang 110016 Peoples R China

We described ferromagnetic film and bilayer films composed of two ferromagnetic layers coupled through antiferromagnetic interfacial interaction by classical Heisenberg model and simulated their magnetization state, magnetic permeability, and Faraday effect at zero and finite temperature by using the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation. The results indicate that in a microwave field with positive circular polarization, the ferromagnetic film has one resonance peak while the bilayer film has two resonance peaks. However, the resonance peak disappears in ferromagnetic film, and only one resonance peak emerges in bilayer film in the negative circularly polarized microwave field. When the microwave field's frequency exceeds the film's resonance frequency, the Faraday rotation angle of the ferromagnetic film is the greatest, and it decreases when the thickness of the two halves of the bilayer is reduced. When the microwave field's frequency remains constant, the Faraday rotation angle fluctuates with temperature in the same manner as spontaneous magnetization does. When a DC magnetic field is applied in the direction of the anisotropic axis of the film, the Faraday rotation angle varies with the DC magnetic field and shows a similar shape of the hysteresis loop.

关键词： magnetic bilayer films magnetic permeability hysteresis loop Faraday effect Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation *** 75.75.-c 78.20.Ls 77.80.Dj NANOPARTICLES

lncRNA Gm20257 alleviates pathological cardiac hypertrophy by modulating the PGC-1α-mitochondrial complex IV axis

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FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE 2024年第4期18卷 664-677页

作者： Yu, Tong Gao, Qiang Zhang, Guofang Li, Tianyu Liu, Xiaoshan Li, Chao Zheng, Lan Sun, Xiang Wu, Jianbo Cao, Huiying Bi, Fangfang Wang, Ruifeng Liang, Haihai Li, Xuelian Zhou, Yuhong Lv, Lifang Shan, Hongli Shanghai Univ Engn sci Inst Frontier Med Technol Shanghai Frontiers Sci Res Ctr Druggabil Cardiovas Shanghai 201620 Peoples R China Harbin Med Univ Sch Basic Med Dept Physiol Harbin 150081 Peoples R China Harbin Med Univ Ctr Funct Expt Teaching Sch Basic Med Harbin 150081 Peoples R China Harbin Med Univ Coll Pharm Dept Pharmacol State Key Lab Frigid Zone Cardiovasc DisState Pro Harbin 150081 Peoples R China

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy, a major contributor to heart failure, is closely linked to mitochondrial function. The roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which regulate mitochondrial function, remain largely unexplored in this context. Herein, a previously unknown lncRNA, Gm20257, was identified. It markedly increased under hypertrophic stress in vivo and in vitro. The suppression of Gm20257 by using small interfering RNAs significantly induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Conversely, the overexpression of Gm20257 through plasmid transfection or adeno-associated viral vector-9 mitigated angiotensin II-induced hypertrophic phenotypes in neonatal mouse ventricular cells or alleviated cardiac hypertrophy in a mouse TAC model respectively, thus restoring cardiac function. Importantly, Gm20257 restored mitochondrial complex IV level and enhanced mitochondrial function. Bioinformatics prediction showed that Gm20257 had a high binding score with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1 (PGC-1 alpha), which could increase mitochondrial complex IV. Subsequently, Western blot analysis results revealed that Gm20257 substantially affected the expression of PGC-1 alpha. Further analyses through RNA immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting following RNA pull-down indicated that PGC-1 alpha was a direct downstream target of Gm20257. This interaction was demonstrated to rescue the reduction of mitochondrial complex IV induced by hypertrophic stress and promote the generation of mitochondrial ATP. These findings suggest that Gm20257 improves mitochondrial function through the PGC-1 alpha-mitochondrial complex IV axis, offering a novel approach for attenuating pathological cardiac hypertrophy.

关键词： lncRNA Gm20257 cardiac hypertrophy PGC-1 alpha mitochondrial complex IV ATP LONG NONCODING RNA HEART-FAILURE CARDIOMYOPATHY REGULATOR

Microfluidic thermotaxic selection of highly motile sperm and in vitro fertilization

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BIO-DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING 2024年第5期7卷 687-700页

作者： Chen, Sihan Chen, Jiemin Qin, Zihan Wang, Jibo Wang, Yuwen Liu, Rong Zhao, Wen Zhang, Ming Zhang, Yuanzhen Luo, Mengcheng Chen, Pu Wuhan Univ TaiKang Med Sch Sch Basic Med Sci Dept Biomed EngnTissue Engn & Organ Mfg TEOM Lab Wuhan 430071 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ TaiKang Ctr Life & Med Sci Wuhan 430071 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ TaiKang Med Sch Sch Basic Med Sci Hubei Prov Key Lab Dev Originated Dis Wuhan 430071 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Reprod Med Ctr Zhongnan Hosp Wuhan 430071 Peoples R China

The selection of the most motile and functionally competent sperm is an essential basis for in vitro fertilization (IVF) and normal embryonic development. Widely adopted clinical approaches for sperm sample processing intensely rely on centrifugation and wash steps that may induce mechanical damage and oxidative stress to sperm. Although a few microfluidic sperm sorting devices may avoid these adverse effects by exploiting intrinsic guidance mechanisms of sperm swimming, none of these approaches have been fully validated by clinical-grade assessment criteria. In this study, a microfluidic sperm sorting device that enables the selection of highly motile and functional sperm via their intrinsic thermotaxis is presented. Bioinspired by the temperature microenvironment in the fallopian tube during natural sperm selection, a microfluidic device with controllable temperature gradients along the sperm separation channel was designed and fabricated. This study investigated the optimal temperature conditions for human sperm selection and fully characterized thermotaxis-selected sperm with 45 human sperm samples. Results indicated that a temperature range of 35-36.5 degree celsius along the separation channel significantly improves human sperm motility rate ((85.25 +/- 6.28)% vs. (60.72 +/- 1.37)%; P=0.0484), increases normal sperm morphology rate ((16.42 +/- 1.43)% vs. (12.55 +/- 0.88)%; P<0.0001), and reduces DNA fragmentation ((7.44 +/- 0.79)% vs. (10.36 +/- 0.72)%; P=0.0485) compared to the nonthermotaxis group. Sperm thermotaxis is species-specific, and selected mouse sperm displayed the highest motility in response to a temperature range of 36-37.5 degree celsius along the separation channel. Furthermore, IVF experiments indicated that the selected sperm permitted an increased fertilization rate and improved embryonic development from zygote to blastocyst. This microfluidic thermotaxic selection approach will be translated into clinical practice to improve the IVF succe

关键词： Microfluidic device Thermotaxis Sperm sorting Assisted reproductive technology In vitro fertilization MECHANISM SYSTEM

Single-cell RNA-seq reveals the transcriptional program underlying tumor progression and metastasis in neuroblastoma

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FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE 2024年第4期18卷 690-707页

作者： Nian, Zhe Wang, Dan Wang, Hao Liu, Wenxu Ma, Zhenyi Yan, Jie Cao, Yanna Li, Jie Zhao, Qiang Liu, Zhe Tianjin Med Univ Sch Basic Med Sci Dept Immunol Tianjin 300070 Peoples R China Hangzhou Normal Univ Sch Basic Med Sci Dept Cell Biol Zhejiang Key Lab Med Epigenet Hangzhou 311121 Peoples R China Nanjing Med Univ Collaborat Innovat Ctr Canc Personalized Med Nanjing 211166 Peoples R China Tianjin Med Univ Canc inst & Hosp Depr Pediat Oncol Natl Clin Res Ctr Canc Tianjins Clin Res Ctr CancKey Lab Canc Prevent & Tianjin 300060 Peoples R China

Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common childhood malignancies. Sixty percent of patients present with widely disseminated clinical signs at diagnosis and exhibit poor outcomes. However, the molecular mechanisms triggering NB metastasis remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, we generated a transcriptomic atlas of 15 447 NB cells from eight NB samples, including paired samples of primary tumors and bone marrow metastases. We used time-resolved analysis to chart the evolutionary trajectory of NB cells from the primary tumor to the metastases in the same patient and identified a common 'starter' subpopulation that initiates tumor development and metastasis. The 'starter' population exhibited high expression levels of multiple cell cycle-related genes, indicating the important role of cell cycle upregulation in NB tumor progression. In addition, our evolutionary trajectory analysis demonstrated the involvement of partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (p-EMT) along the metastatic route from the primary site to the bone marrow. Our study provides insights into the program driving NB metastasis and presents a signature of metastasis-initiating cells as an independent prognostic indicator and potential therapeutic target to inhibit the initiation of NB metastasis.

关键词： single-cell RNA sequencing metastasis neuroblastoma epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION TGF-BETA MYCN IDENTIFICATION EXPRESSION PLASTICITY PHENOTYPES DYNAMICS

Recent Advances in Patterning Strategies for Full‑Color Perovskite Light‑Emitting Diodes

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 99-137页

作者： Gwang Heon Lee Kiwook Kim Yunho Kim Jiwoong Yang Moon Kee Choi Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering Center for Future Semiconductor Technology(FUST)Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea Department of Energy science and Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea Energy science and Engineering Research Center Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea Department of Materials science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea Center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Seoul 08826Republic of Korea

Metal halide perovskites have emerged as promising light-emitting materials for next-generation displays owing to their remarkable material characteristics including broad color tunability,pure color emission with remarkably narrow bandwidths,high quantum yield,and solution *** recent advances have pushed the luminance efficiency of monochromic perovskite light-emitting diodes(PeLEDs)to their theoretical limits,their current fabrication using the spincoating process poses limitations for fabrication of full-color *** integrate PeLEDs into full-color display panels,it is crucial to pattern red–green–blue(RGB)perovskite pixels,while mitigating issues such as cross-contamination and reductions in luminous ***,we present state-of-the-art patterning technologies for the development of full-color ***,we highlight recent advances in the development of efficient ***,we discuss various patterning techniques of MPHs(i.e.,photolithography,inkjet printing,electron beam lithography and laserassisted lithography,electrohydrodynamic jet printing,thermal evaporation,and transfer printing)for fabrication of RGB pixelated *** patterning techniques can be classified into two distinct approaches:in situ crystallization patterning using perovskite precursors and patterning of colloidal perovskite *** review highlights advancements and limitations in patterning techniques for PeLEDs,paving the way for integrating PeLEDs into full-color panels.

关键词： Perovskite Light-emitting diode Full-color display High-resolution patterning Electroluminescence

An electrochemiluminescent magneto-immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of hs-cTnI on a microfluidic chip

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NANOTECHNOLOGY AND PRECISION ENGINEERING 2024年第3期7卷 13-23页

作者： Hui, Yun Zhao, Zhen Shu, Weiliang Shen, Fengshan Kong, Weijun Geng, Shengyong Xu, Zhen Wu, Tianzhun Zhou, Wenhua Yu, Xuefeng Chinese Acad sci Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol Shenzhen Key Lab Micro Nano Biosensing Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Biomed Imaging Sci & Syst Key Lab Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China

Sensitive detection and precise quantitation of trace-level crucial biomarkers in a complex sample matrix has become an important area of research. For example, the detection of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) is strongly recommended in clinical guidelines for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Based on the use of an electrode modified by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and a Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)-doped silica nanoparticle (Ru@SiO2)/tripropylamine (TPA) system, a novel type of electrochemiluminescent (ECL) magneto-immunosensor is developed for ultrasensitive detection of hs-cTnI. In this approach, a large amount of [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) is loaded in SiO2 (silica nanoparticles) as luminophores with high luminescent efficiency and SWCNTs as electrode surface modification material with excellent electrooxidation ability for TPA. Subsequently, a hierarchical micropillar array of microstructures is fabricated with a magnet placed at each end to efficiently confine a single layer of immunomagnetic microbeads on the surface of the electrode and enable 7.5-fold signal enhancement. In particular, the use of transparent SWCNTs to modify a transparent ITO electrode provides a two-order-of-magnitude ECL signal amplification. A good linear calibration curve is developed for hs-cTnI concentrations over a wide range from 10 fg/ml to 10 ng/ml, with the limit of detection calculated as 8.720 fg/ml (S/N = 3). This ultrasensitive immunosensor exhibits superior detection performance with remarkable stability, reproducibility, and selectivity. Satisfactory recoveries are obtained in the detection of hs-cTnI in human serum, providing a potential analysis protocol for clinical applications. (c) 2024 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： Electrochemiluminescent magneto-immunosensor Microfluidic chip High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I Single-walled carbon nanotube [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+)-doped silica nanoparticle

A citrullinated antigenic vaccine in treatment of autoimmune arthritis

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sciENCE BULLETIN 2024年第18期69卷 2920-2929页

作者： Jin, Xu Dong, Tianya Wang, Qian Xie, Yang Fang, Xiangyu Wei, Chaonan Liu, Shuyan Zheng, Xi Wang, Ping Zhu, Danxue Cao, Lulu Dong, Suwei Fang, Kechi Zhong, Chao Wang, Jing Hu, Fanlei Li, Zhanguo Peking Univ Peoples Hosp Dept Rheumatol & Immunol Beijing 100044 Peoples R China Beijing Key Lab Rheumatism Mech & Immune Diag Beijing 100044 Peoples R China Peking Univ Peking Tsinghua Ctr Life Sci Beijing 100871 Peoples R China Peking Univ Sch Pharmaceut Sci State Key Lab Nat & Biomimet Drugs Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Peking Univ Sch Basic Med Sci Dept Integrat Chinese & Western Med Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Peking Univ Sch Pharmaceut Sci Dept Chem Biol Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Inst Psychol CAS Key Lab Mental Hlth Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad sci Dept Psychol Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Peking Univ NHC Key Lab Med Immunol Beijing Key Lab Tumor Syst Biol Inst Syst BiomedDept ImmunolHlth Sci Ctr Beijing 100191 Peoples R China

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease triggered by antigenic peptides with environmental and genetic risk factors. It has been shown that antigen-specific targeting could be a promising therapeutical strategy for RA by restoring immune tolerance to self-antigens without compromising normal immunity. Citrullination of antigens enhances antigenic properties and induces autoimmune responses. Here, we showed that citrullinated antigenic (citAg) vaccine ameliorated collagen-induced arthritis with decreased T-helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells, downregulated proinflammatory cytokines including interlukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and inhibited antigen recall responses. B cell receptor sequencing further revealed that citAg vaccine could dampen the dysregulated V(D)J recombination, restoring the immune repertoire. Taken together, the results demonstrated that citAg vaccine might have a therapeutic effect on RA. (c) 2024 science China Press. Published by Elsevier B.V. and science China Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： CitAg Citrullination Collagen type II Therapeutic vaccine Immune tolerance Rheumatoid arthritis RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS LUNGS SUPPRESSION TOLERANCE PROTEINS