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Central role of altered phosphodiesterase 2-dependent signaling in the pathophysiology of cognition-based brain disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2302-2303页

作者： Asma Boulksibat Alessandra Tempio Barbara Bardoni Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire CNRS UMR7275Inserm U1323ValbonneFrance

The second messengers 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)modulate molecular pathways that are involved in a large variety of cellular *** the brain,these processes include neurogenesis,neuronal differentiation,activation and function of microglia,and synaptic plasticity,finally resulting in memory formation.

关键词： formation processes finally

Recent advances in cytokines:Therapeutic implications for inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第5期17卷 547-556页

作者： Guillaume Bouguen Jean-Baptiste Chevaux Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet inserm uMR991 Department of HepatoGastroenterologyUniversity Hospital of RennesPontchaillou35000 RennesFrance inserm u954 Department of Hepato-GastroenterologyUniversity Hospital of Nancy54511 Vandoeuvre-les-NancyFrance

Inflammatory bowel diseases （IBDs） are complex and chronic disabling conditions resulting from a dysregulated dialogue between intestinal microbiota and components of both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Cytokines are essential mediators between activated immune and non-immune cells, including epithelial and mes- enchymal cells. They are immunomodulatory peptides released by numerous cells and these have significant effects on immune function leading to the differentiation and survival of T cells. The physiology of IBD is becom- ing a very attractive field of research for development of new therapeutic agents. These include cytokines involved in intestinal immune inflammation. This review will focus on mechanisms of action of oytokines involved in IBD and new therapeutic opportunities for these diseases.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease ulcerative coli-tis Crohn's disease Cytokine Pathophysiology Biologi-cal therapy

Microscopic features of colorectal neoplasia in inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第12期20卷 3164-3172页

作者： Aude Bressenot Virginie Cahn Silvio Danese Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet Department of pathology University Hospital of Nancy IBD Center Division of GastroenterologyHumanitas Clinical and Research Center inserm u954 and Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology University Hospital of Nancy

The risk of developing dysplasia leading to colorectal cancer (CRC) is increased in both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. The prognosis of CRC may be poorer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) than in those without IBD. Most CRCs, in general, develop from a dysplastic precursor lesion. The interpretation by the pathologist of the biopsy will guide decision making in clinical practice: colonoscopic surveillance or surgical management. This review summarizes features of dysplasia (or intraepithelial neoplasia) with macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. From an endoscopic (gross) point of view, dysplasia may be classified as flat or elevated (raised); from a histological point of view, dysplasia is separated into 3 distinct categories: negative for dysplasia, indefinite for dysplasia, and positive for dysplasia with low- or high-grade dysplasia. The morphologic criteria for dysplasia are based on a combination of cytologic (nuclear and cytoplasmic) and architectural aberrations of the crypt epithelium. Immunohistochemical and molecular markers for dysplasia are reviewed and may help with dysplasia diagnosis, although diagnosis is essentially based on morphological criteria. The clinical, epidemiologic, and pathologic characteristics of IBD-related cancers are, in many aspects, different from those that occur sporadically in the general population. Herein, we summarize macroscopic and microscopic features of IBD-related colorectal carcinoma.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Dysplasia Colorectal cancer Microscopic features

Deciphering the mechanobiology of microglia in traumatic brain injury with advanced microsystems

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2304-2306页

作者： Anthony Procès Sylvain Gabriele univ.Grenoble Alpes InsermU1216Grenoble Institut des NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance Mechanobiology&Biomaterials Group CIRMAPResearch Institute for BiosciencesUniversity of MonsMonsBelgium

Advanced microsystems in traumatic brain injury research:Traumatic brain injury(TBI)results from a mechanical insult to the brain,leading to neuronal and axonal damage and subsequently causing a secondary *** minutes ... 详细信息

关键词： traumatic injury damage

Decoding the nexus:branched-chain amino acids and their connection with sleep,circadian rhythms,and cardiometabolic health

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1350-1363页

作者： Hui Li Laurent Seugnet Department of Neurology Xijing HospitalXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon Integrated Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems(WAKING)UniversitéClaude Bernard Lyon 1INSERM U1028CNRS UMR 5292BronFrance

The sleep-wake cycle stands as an integrative process essential for sustaining optimal brain function and,either directly or indirectly,overall body health,encompassing metabolic and cardiovascular *** the heightened metabolic activity of the brain,there exists a considerable demand for nutrients in comparison to other *** these,the branched-chain amino acids,comprising leucine,isoleucine,and valine,display distinctive significance,from their contribution to protein structure to their involvement in overall metabolism,especially in cerebral *** the first amino acids that are released into circulation post-food intake,branched-chain amino acids assume a pivotal role in the regulation of protein synthesis,modulating insulin secretion and the amino acid sensing pathway of target of ***-chain amino acids are key players in influencing the brain's uptake of monoamine precursors,competing for a shared *** their involvement in protein synthesis,these amino acids contribute to the metabolic cycles ofγ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate,as well as energy ***,they impact GABAergic neurons and the excitation/inhibition *** rhythmicity of branchedchain amino acids in plasma concentrations,observed over a 24-hour cycle and conserved in rodent models,is under circadian clock *** mechanisms underlying those rhythms and the physiological consequences of their disruption are not fully *** sleep,obesity,diabetes,and cardiovascular diseases can elevate branched-chain amino acid concentrations or modify their oscillatory *** mechanisms driving these effects are currently the focal point of ongoing research efforts,since normalizing branched-chain amino acid levels has the ability to alleviate the severity of these *** this context,the Drosophila model,though underutilized,holds promise in shedding new light on these *** findings indicate its po

关键词： branched-chain amino acids cardiovascular health circadian clock drosophila insulin metabolism sleep γ-aminobutyric acid

Viral infections in inflammatory bowel disease:Tips and tricks for correct management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第27期27卷 4276-4297页

作者： Vincenzo Craviotto Federica Furfaro Laura Loy Alessandra Zilli Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet Gionata Fiorino Silvio Danese Mariangela Allocca Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCSRozzano 20089MilanoItaly Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and inserm u954 University Hospital of NancyLorraine UniversityNancy 54511France Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityPieve Emanuele 20090MilanoItaly

Over the past decades,the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)has become more targeted,anticipating the use of immune-modifying therapies at an earlier *** top-down approach has been correlated with favorable short and long-term outcomes,but it has also brought with it concerns regarding potential infectious *** large IBD population treated with immunemodifying therapies,especially if combined,has an increased risk of severe infections,including opportunistic infections that are sustained by viral,bacterial,parasitic,and fungal *** infections have emerged as a focal safety concern in patients with IBD,representing a challenge for the clinician:they are often difficult to diagnose and are associated with significant morbidity and *** first step is to improve effective preventive strategies,such as applying vaccination protocols,adopt adequate prophylaxis and educate patients about potential risk *** viral infections in immunosuppressed patients may present atypical signs and symptoms,the challenges for the gastroenterologist are to suspect,recognize and diagnose such *** treatment of common viral infections allows us to minimize their impact on disease outcomes and patients’*** practical review supports this standard of care to improve knowledge in this subject area.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Viral infections Opportunistic infections Standard of care Crohn’s disease ulcerative colitis

use of longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging in preclinical models of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第5期14卷 771-772页

作者： Harun Najib Noristani Florence Evelyne Perrin inserm u1198 University of Montpellier

Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a distressing event with grave socio/economic consequences to our *** response following SCI involves blood-spinal cord barrier breakdown,neuroinflammation and formation of a glial scar that altogether govern the feasibility of spontaneous axonal re-growth and limited functional *** advances in understanding SCI pathophysiology have been achieved using numerous transgenic mouse lines developed in different ***,there are inherent strain differences that affect inflammation,gliosis,axon regeneration and ultimately functional recovery after SCI.

关键词： Spinal cord injury(SCI) spinal cord injury

Anatomical and electrophysiological plasticity of locomotor networks following spinal transection in the salamander

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2013年第4期29卷 467-476页

作者： Jean-Marie Cabelguen Stéphanie Chevallier Ianina Amontieva-Potapova Céline Philippe Neurocentre Magendie INSERM U 862 - Bordeaux University

Recovery of locomotor behavior following spinal cord injury can occur spontaneously in some vertebrates, such as fish, urodele amphibians, and certain reptiles. This review provides an overview of the current status of our knowledge on the anatomical and electrophysiological changes occurring within the spinal cord that lead to, or are associated with the [e-expression of locomotion in spinally-transected salamanders. A better understanding of these processes will help to devise strategies for restoring locomotor function in mammals, including humans.

关键词： salamander spinal cord locomotor recovery regeneration

Transforming growth factor-β and fibrosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第22期13卷 3056-3062页

作者： Franck Verrecchia Alain Mauviel inserm u697 Paris 75010 France

Transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β）, a prototype of multifunctional cytokine, is a key regulator of extracellular matrix （ECM） assembly and remodeling. Specifically, TGF-β isoforms have the ability to induce the expression of ECM proteins in mesenchymal cells, and to stimulate the production of protease inhibitors that prevent enzymatic breakdown of the ECM. Elevated TGF-β expression in affected organs, and subsequent deregulation of TGF-β functions, correlates with the abnormal connective tissue deposition observed during the onset of fibrotic diseases. During the last few years, tremendous progress has been made in the understanding of the molecular aspects of intracellular signaling downstream of the TGF-β receptors. In particular, Smad proteins, TGF-β receptor kinase substrates that translocate into the cell nucleus to act as transcription factors, have been studied extensively. The role of Smad3 in the transcriptional regulation of type I collagen gene expression and in the development of fibrosis, demonstrated both/n vitro and in animal models with a targeted deletion of Smad3, is of critical importance because it may lead to novel therapeutic strategies against these diseases. This review focuses on the mechanisms underlying Smad modulation of fibrillar collagen expression and how it relates to fibrotic processes.

关键词： Collagen Connective tissue growth factor Fibrosis Smad Transforming growth factor-β