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Prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation restores the balance between A_(2A)R-and A_(1)R-mediated adenosine signaling in the 6-hydroxidopamine model of Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2053-2067页

作者： Milica Zeljkovic Jovanovic Jelena Stanojevic Ivana Stevanovic Milica Ninkovic Tihomir V.Ilic Nadezda Nedeljkovic Milorad Dragic laboratory for Neurobiology Department of General Physiology and BiophysicsFaculty of BiologyUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia Medical Faculty of Military Medical Academy University of DefenceBelgradeSerbia

An imbalance in adenosine-mediated signaling,particularly the increased A_(2A)R-mediated signaling,plays a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's *** therapeutic approaches fail to alter disease progression,demonstrating the need for novel approaches in *** transcranial magnetic stimulation is a non-invasive approach that has been shown to improve motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's ***,the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation remain *** purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which the beneficial effects of prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation in the 6-hydroxydopamine model of experimental parkinsonism are based on modulation of adenosine-mediated *** with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions underwent intermittent theta burst stimulation for 3 weeks and were tested for motor skills using the Rotarod ***,quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,immunohistochemistry,and biochemical analysis of components of adenosine-mediated signaling were performed on the synaptosomal fraction of the lesioned caudate *** intermittent theta burst stimulation improved motor symptoms in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned animals.A 6-hydroxydopamine lesion resulted in progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the caudate *** with intermittent theta burst stimulation began 7 days after the lesion,coinciding with the onset of motor *** treatment with prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation,complete motor recovery was *** improvement was accompanied by downregulation of the e N/CD73-A_(2A)R pathway and a return to physiological levels of A_(1)R-adenosine deaminase 1 after 3 weeks of intermittent theta burst *** results demonstrated that 6-hydroxydopamine-induced degeneration reduced the expression of A_(1)R and elevated the expression of A_(2A)***

关键词： A_(1)R A_(2A)R adenosine receptors adenosine ecto-5′-nucleotidase intermittent theta burst stimulation non-invasive brain stimulation Parkinson's disease purinergic signalling

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A new viewpoint and model of neural signal generation and transmission: Signal transmission on unmyelinated neurons

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Nano Research 2021年第3期14卷 590-600页

作者： Zuoxian Xiang Chuanxiang Tang Chao Chang Guozhi Liu innovation laboratory of terahertz biophysics National Innovation Institute of Defense TechnologyBeijing100071China Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

We establish a preliminary model of neural signal generation and transmission based on our previous research,and use this model to study signal transmission on unmyelinated *** our model,the characteristics of neural signals are studied both on a long-time and a short time *** the long-time scale,the model is consistent with the circuit *** the short time scale,the neural system exhibits a THz and infrared electromagnetic oscillation but the energy envelope curve of the rapidly oscillating signal varies *** addition,the numerical method is used to solve the equations of neural signal generation and transmission,and the effects of the temperature on signal transmission are *** is found that overly high and overly low temperatures are not conducive to the transmission of neural signals.

关键词： THz ion channel neuron signal generation and conduction unmyelinated neuron

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A new viewpoint and model of neural signal generation and transmission: Signal transmission on myelinated neuron

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第10期29卷 578-587页

作者： Zuoxian Xiang Chuanxiang Tang Lixin Yan Chao Chang Guozhi Liu Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China innovation laboratory of terahertz biophysics National Innovation Institute of Defense TechnologyBeijing 100071China

Based on our previous work, we study the problem of neural signal transmission of myelinated neurons. We found that the transmembrane ion current at Ranvier's node acts as an energy supplement. In addition, the length of the myelin sheath has an upper limit of lT. Above this upper limit, the neural signal will not be effectively transmitted. In the range of normal physiological parameters, lT is on the order of mm. Finally, the effect of temperature on the transmission of nerve signals is investigated. temperatures that are too high and too low are not conducive to the conduction of nerve signals.

关键词： THz myelinated neuron signal transmission

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Minimal-invasive enhancement of auditory perception by terahertz wave modulation

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 5235-5244页

作者： Xiaoxuan Tan Kaijie Wu Shuang Liu Yifang Yuan Chao Chang Wei Xiong innovation laboratory of terahertz biophysics National Innovation Institute of Defense TechnologyBeijing 100071China School of Life Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100071China School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100071China

Hearing impairment is a common disease affecting a substantial proportion of the global ***,the most effective clinical treatment for patients with sensorineural deafness is to implant an artificial electronic ***,the improvements to hearing perception are variable and limited among healthy ***,cochlear implants have disadvantages,such as crosstalk derived from the currents that spread into non-target tissue between the ***,in this work,we describe terahertz wave modulation,a new and minimally invasive technology that can enhance hearing perception in animals by reversible modulation of currents in cochlear hair *** single-cell electrophysiology,guinea pig audiometry,and molecular dynamics simulations,we show that THM can reversibly increase mechano-electrical transducer currents(~50%higher)and voltage-gated K^(+)currents in cochlear hair cells through collective resonance of–C=O *** addition,measurement of auditory brainstem response(ABR)in guinea pigs treated with THM indicated a~10 dB increase in hearing *** study thus reports a new method of highly spatially selective hearing enhancement without introducing any exogeneous gene,which has potential applications for treatment of hearing disorders as well as several other areas of neuroscience.

关键词： terahertz wave neuromodulation hearing enhancement potassium channels cochlea

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Amplification of terahertz/infrared field at the nodes of Ranvier for myelinated nerve

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第7期63卷 58-62页

作者： YanSheng Liu KaiJie Wu ChunLiang Liu GangQiang Cui Chao Chang GuoZhi Liu Key laboratory of Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049.China innovation laboratory of terahertz biophysics National Innovation Institute of Defense TechnologyBejig 100071China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Xi'an 710024China

The myelination of axons was the last major evolution in the vertebrate nervous *** promotes the speed of action potential by two orders,and modulates the conduction of neurons,important for learning new ***,the intrinsic mechanism for high-speed information propagation in myelin in the nervous systems is still *** propose that myelinated nerve fibres serve as dielectric waveguides for the high-frequency electromagnetic information in a certain mid-infrared to terahertz spectral *** on the structure characteristics of myelinated nerve composed of periodic nodes of Ranvier and myelin sheath,the energy for the signal propagation is supplied and amplified when crossing the nodes of Ranvier via a periodic *** this work,we exploit the quasi-quantum model of amplification for neural terahertz/infrared information at the nodes of Ranvier,and prove the existence of biomolecular ensemble for three-energy-level amplification,revealing the essential mechanism of high-speed electromagnetic information transmitting in myelinated nerves.

关键词： terahertz/infrared field myelin nodes of Ranvier quasi-quantum model

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Neuromodulation of Chemical Synaptic Transmission Driven by THz Photons

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Research 2023年第3期2022卷 221-228页

作者： Xiaoxuan Tan Yuan Zhong Ruijie Li Chao Chang innovation laboratory of terahertz biophysics National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology.Beijing 100071China Astronaut Center of China Beijing 100084China Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Brain Research Center and State Key laboratory of Trauma Burnsand Combined InjuryThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038China

Postsynaptic currents of chemical synapse are modulated by multitudinous neurotransmitters,such as acetylcholine,dopamine,glutamate,andγ-aminobutyric acid,many of which have been used in the treatment of neurological ***,based on molecular dynamics simulations and quantum chemical calculation,we propose that 30-to 45-THz photons can resonate with a variety of typical neurotransmitter molecules and make them absorb photon energy to activate the transition to high energy state,which is expected to be a new method of neural ***,we verified the calculated results through experiments that THz irradiation could substantively change neuronal signal emission and enhance the frequency,amplitude,and dynamic properties of excitatory postsynaptic current and inhibitory postsynaptic *** addition,we demonstrated the potential of neural information regulation by THz photons through 2-photon imaging in *** findings are expected to improve the understanding of the physical mechanism of biological phenomena and facilitate the application of terahertz technology in neural regulation and the development of new functional materials.

关键词： materials verified finding

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Epigenetics in the modern era of crop improvements

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Yan Xue Xiaofeng Cao Xiangsong Chen Xian Deng Xingwang Deng Yong Ding Aiwu Dong Chengguo Duan Xiaofeng Fang Lei Gong Zhizhong Gong Xiaofeng Gu Chongsheng He Hang He Shengbo He Xinjian He Yan He Yuehui He Guifang Jia Danhua Jiang Jianjun Jiang Jinsheng Lai Zhaobo Lang Chenlong Li Qing Li Xingwang Li Bao Liu Bing Liu Xiao Luo Yijun Qi Weiqiang Qian Guodong Ren Qingxin Song Xianwei Song Zhixi Tian Jiawei Wang Yuan Wang Liang Wu Zhe Wu Rui Xia Jun Xiao Lin Xu Zhengyi Xu Wenhao Yan Hongchun Yang Jixian Zhai Yijing Zhang Yusheng Zhao Xuehua Zhong Daoxiu Zhou Ming Zhou Yue Zhou Bo Zhu Jiankang Zhu Qikun Liu College of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Biology Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed Hunan University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking University State Key laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture South China Agricultural University National Institute of Biological Sciences Key laboratory of Seed innovation Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Key laboratory of Seed innovation State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key laboratory of Wheat Improvement Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang State Key laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life Sciences Henan University State Key laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding National Maize Improvement Center Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding China Agricultural University Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding China Agricultural University Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural University Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed laboratory Institute of Advan

Epigenetic mechanisms are integral to plant growth, development, and adaptation to environmental stimuli. Over the past two decades,our comprehension of these complex regulatory processes has expanded remarkably, producing a substantial body of knowledge on both locus-specific mechanisms and genome-wide regulatory patterns. Studies initially grounded in the model plant Arabidopsis have been broadened to encompass a diverse array of crop species, revealing the multifaceted roles of epigenetics in physiological and agronomic traits. With recent technological advancements, epigenetic regulations at the single-cell level and at the large-scale population level are emerging as new focuses. This review offers an in-depth synthesis of the diverse epigenetic regulations, detailing the catalytic machinery and regulatory functions. It delves into the intricate interplay among various epigenetic elements and their collective influence on the modulation of crop traits. Furthermore, it examines recent breakthroughs in technologies for epigenetic modifications and their integration into strategies for crop improvement. The review underscores the transformative potential of epigenetic strategies in bolstering crop performance, advocating for the development of efficient tools to fully exploit the agricultural benefits of epigenetic insights.

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A primary model of THz and far-infrared signal generation and conduction in neuron systems based on the hypothesis of the ordered phase of water molecules on the neuron surface Ⅰ: signal characteristics

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Science Bulletin 2020年第4期65卷 308-317页

作者： Zuoxian Xiang Chuanxiang Tang Chao Chang Guozhi Liu Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China innovation laboratory of terahertz biophysics National Innovation Institute of Defense TechnologyBeijing 100071China

In this paper, we use the theory of quantum optics and electrodynamics to study the electromagnetic field problem in the nervous system based on the assumption of an ordered arrangement of water molecules on the neuronal surface. Using the Lagrangian of the water molecule-field ion, the dynamic equations for neural signal generation and transmission are derived. Perturbation theory and the numerical method are used to solve the dynamic equations, and the characteristics of high-frequency signals(the dispersion relation, the time domain of the field, the frequency domain waveform, etc.) are *** model predicts some intrinsic vibration modes of electromagnetic radiation on the neuronal *** frequency range of these vibration modes is in the THz and far-infrared ranges.

关键词： Neuron THz Infrared Neuron signal generation and conduction Ion oscillation

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Topologically tuned terahertz confinement in a nonlinear photonic chip

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第6期11卷 1296-1303页

作者： Jiayi Wang Shiqi Xia Ride Wang Ruobin Ma Yao Lu Xinzheng Zhang Daohong Song Qiang Wu Roberto Morandotti Jingjun Xu Zhigang Chen The MOE Key laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics TEDA Institute of Applied Physics and School of PhysicsNankai UniversityTianjin 300457China innovation laboratory of terahertz biophysics National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology100071 BeijingChina Collaborative innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi University030006 TaiyuanShanxiChina INRS-EMT 1650 Blvd.Lionel-BouletVarennesQC J3X 152Canada

Compact terahertz(THz)functional devices are greatly sought after for high-speed wireless communication,biochemical sensing,and non-destructive ***,controlled THz generation,along with transport and detection,has remained a challenge especially for chip-scale devices due to low-coupling efficiency and unavoidable absorption ***,based on the topological protection of electromagnetic waves,we demonstrate nonlinear generation and topologically tuned confinement of THz waves in an engineered lithium niobate chip forming a wedge-shaped Su-Schrieffer-Heeger *** measured band structures provide direct visualization of the THz localization in the momentum space,while robustness of the confined mode against chiral perturbations is also analyzed and compared for both topologically trivial and nontrivial *** topological control of THz waves may bring about new possibilities in the realization of THz integrated circuits,promising for advanced photonic applications.

关键词： nonlinear realization wedge

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Design of artificial biomimetic channels with Na^(+)permeation rate and selectivity potentially outperforming the natural sodium channel

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8638-8646页

作者： Zhi Zhu Yan Zhao Chao Chang Shaojian Yan Tingyu Sun Shiyu Gu Yangmei Li Dengsong Zhang Chunlei Wang Xiao Cheng Zeng School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China innovation laboratory of terahertz biophysics National Innovation Institute of Defense TechnologyBeijing 100071China School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China International Joint laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry College of SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Artificial ion channels that enable high-efficiency ion transport have important implications in nanofluidics and biomedical applications such as drug ***,we show a simulation-based chemical design of a biomimetic sodium channel that possesses permeation rate and selectivity potentially higher than those of the state-of-the-art natural vertebrate voltage-gated sodium ***,our theoretical findings have undergone empirical testing,aligning well with the Arrhenius law as derived from a diverse range of experimental *** high-efficiency ion transport is achieved by anchoring the carboxylate functional groups within the channel filter.A key chemical guiding principle underlying the ion channel design is that the free-energy barrier for the Na^(+)passage across the channel should be comparable to typical thermal energy at room *** the implementation of the chemical design,we found that the relatively low free-energy barrier can be attributed to the compensation effect of the carboxylate groups to the partially lost oxygen shell of the ion within the ion channel,as well as to the consonant vibration of the ions inside and outside the *** mechanistic understanding brings new insight,at the molecular level,into the high-efficiency ion transport across the designed membrane *** proof of principle achieved from the simulations will stimulate future experimental confirmation and potential applications of the high-performance artificial channels in nanofluidics and in bioinspired iontronics.

关键词： sodium channels anchoring carboxylate functional groups molecular dynamics simulations low free-energy barrier for ion passage thermal kinetic energy

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