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Sedentary behavior and physical activity predicting depressive symptoms in adolescents beyond attributes of health-related physical fitness

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 489-496页

作者： gene l.farren tao zhang xiangli gu katherine t.thomas department of Kinesiology Health Promotionand RecreationUniversity of North TexasDentonTX 76203USA Corresponding author.E-mail address：Gene.Farren@unt.edu

Background： Sedentary behavior （SB）, physical activity （PA）, and attributes of physical fitness have been shown to be related to depressive symptoms in adolescents. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether SB and fitness-producing activity predicted depression in active adolescents over and above gender and fitness attributes. Methods： Participants were 249 adolescents （age： 12.85 ± 0.89 years, mean ± SD） from 3 public middle schools who wore Actical accelerometers to assess their SB and PA. Participants also completed the FITNESSGRAM health-related fitness assessment and a brief depression questionnaire. A 3-step hierarchical regression analysis was conducted with gender and fitness attributes （i.e., body mass index （BMI）, maximal volume oxygen uptake （VO2max）, curlups, and pushups）, moderate- and vigorous-intensity activity, and SB entered in respective steps. Results： Regression analysis indicated activity variables （i.e., moderate- and vigorous-intensity activity） significantly predicted depression （△R^2= 0.12, p 〈 0.01） beyond gender and fitness attributes. Overall, gender, fitness attributes, activity variables, SB explained 31% of the variance in depression. Structure coefficients revealed VO2max （rs= -0.77）, moderate-intensity activity （rs= -0.67）, vigorous-intensity activity （rs = -0.81）, and SB （rs = 0.57） were substantially correlated with the criterion variable; thus, they were the strongest predictors of depression. Conclusion： The findings of the current study indicated SB and PA were both significant predictors of depression; however, sufficient fitness-producing activity and adequate cardiorespiratory fitness may nullify the negative influence of SB on depressive symptoms in active adolescents.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. （http：//***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/）.

关键词： Accelerometers Adolescent health Cardiorespiratory fitness FITNESSGRAM Mental health Moderate-to-vigorous-intensity activity

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The moderating effect of physical activity on the relationship between bullying and mental health among sexual and gender minority youth

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 106-115页

作者： Sally J.Kirklewski Ryan J.Watson Carolyn Lauckner department of Health promotion and Behavior University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Human Development and Family Sciences University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269 USA department of Behavioral Science University of Kentucky College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA

Background:Sexual and gender minority youth frequently experience bullying,which often contributes to higher depressive symptoms and lower *** that physical activity(PA)can mitigate depressive symptoms and improve self-esteem,we examined the moderating effect of PA on the relationship between bullying and mental health among sexual and gender minority ***:Data from the Lesbian,Gay,Bisexual,Transgender,and Queer National Teen Survey(n=9890)were *** regression analyses examined the influence of history and frequency of being bullied,PA,and the interaction of these variables on depressive symptoms and *** slopes analyses were used to probe significant ***:Results indicated the importance of accounting for bullying history when examining effects of PA on mental *** was negatively related to depression(t=-4.18,p<0.001)and positively related to self-esteem(t=12.11,p<0.001).Bullying frequency was positively related to depression(t=19.35,p<0.001)and negatively related to self-esteem(t=-12.46,p<0.001).There was a significant interaction between bullying frequency and PA for depression(t=4.45,p<0.001)and self-esteem(t=-4.69,p<0.001).Post hoc analyses suggested that the positive effects of PA on mental health may be limited to those not bullied because it had a negligible effect on those who were ***:Results suggest that sexual and gender minority youth exercise interventions aiming to improve mental health should first address bullying history;otherwise,their effectiveness may be limited to those who have been bullied.

关键词： Bullying Depression Exercise LGBTQ Self-esteem Youth

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Impact of gut–brain interaction in emerging neurological disorders

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第1期11卷 1-6页

作者： Muh-Shi Lin Yao-Chin Wang Wei-Jung Chen Woon-Man Kung Division of Neurosurgery Department of SurgeryKuang Tien General HospitalTaichung 43303Taiwan department of Biotechnology and Animal Science College of BioresourcesNational Ilan UniversityYilan 26047Taiwan department of Biotechnology College of Medical and Health CareHung Kuang UniversityTaichung 43302Taiwan department of Health Business Administration College of Medical and Health CareHung Kuang UniversityTaichung 43302Taiwan department of Emergency Min-Sheng General HospitalTaoyuan 33044Taiwan Graduate Institute of injury prevention and Control College of Public HealthTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031Taiwan Division of Neurosurgery Department of SurgeryTaipei Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationNew Taipei City 23142Taiwan department of Exercise and Health promotion College of Kinesiology and HealthChinese Culture UniversityTaipei 11114Taiwan

The central nervous system(CNS)is a reservoir of immune *** immune glial cells are responsible for maintenance and defense against foreign *** blood–brain barrier(BBB)prevents detrimental pathogens and potentially overreactive immune cells from entering the *** the double-edged neuroinflammatory response is overloaded,it no longer has the protective function of promoting ***,microbiota and its derivatives may emerge as pathogen-associated molecular patterns of brain pathology,causing microbiome–gut–brain axis dysregulation from the *** dysbiosis of the gastrointestinal flora leads to subsequent alterations in BBB permeability,peripheral immune cells are recruited to the *** results in amplification of neuroinflammatory circuits in the brain,which eventually leads to specific neurological *** treatment strategies for gastrointestinal disorders may protect against specific immune responses to gastrointestinal disorders,which can lead to potential protective effects in the ***,this study investigated the mutual effects of microbiota and the gut–brain axis,which may provide targeting strategies for future disease treatment.

关键词： Neuroinflammation Blood–brain barrier Microbiota Gut–brain axis Neurological disorders

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“No Need to Get Salty” Or Is There? Sodium Functionality as a Consideration in Nutrition Public Health Policy

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第2期12卷 138-146页

作者： Molly Riordan Brandy-Joe Milliron Rachel Sherman Lauren Miller Jennifer Aquilante Jonathan Deutsch Division of Chronic Disease & injury prevention Philadelphia Department of Public Health Philadelphia PA USA department of Nutrition Sciences College of Nursing and Health Professions Drexel University Philadelphia USA Drexel Food Core Lab College of Nursing and Health Professions Drexel University Philadelphia USA Division of Chronic Disease & injury prevention Philadelphia Department of Public Health Philadelphia PA USA Drexel Food Core Lab Department of Food and Hospitality Management College of Nursing and Health Professions Drexel University Philadelphia USA

Aim: Public health professionals focus on both downstream (individual) and upstream (population-level) interventions to reduce sodium consumption and prevent sodium-related chronic diseases. Effective upstream interventions specifically aimed at reducing dietary sodium intake include the implementation of comprehensive nutrition standards that restrict the amount of sodium contained in foods available for purchase. The aim of this work was to identify sought-after foods that did not meet the Philadelphia Nutrition Standards’ sodium limits and reformulate those foods to be standards-compliant and consumer-acceptable. Subject and Methods: Two foods were reformulated for compliancy with the Philadelphia Nutrition Standards’ sodium limits and consumer acceptability: the hoagie roll and soft pretzel. Reformulation included sensory testing and engaging potential manufacturing partners to investigate products’ commercial potential. Results: While hoagie roll reformulation led to a local company manufacturing and selling the reformulated product, soft pretzel reformulation stalled due to lack of consumer acceptability of the reformulated product. Salt contributes desirable characteristics in the texture, taste, and appearance of the soft pretzel, the absence of which consumers found unacceptable. Conclusion: Product reformulation holds great potential to create lower-sodium foods that otherwise have all of the characteristics of the higher-sodium “original” products but requires an understanding of the role of salt in product recipes. Reducing salt without considering its multiple functions in food may result in a product that is unacceptable or even unsafe. A simple four-step tool can help public health practitioners evaluate the extent to which products are suitable for reformulation.

关键词： Sodium Chloride Dietary/Administration & Dosage Health promotion/Methods Nutrition Policy Food/Standards Food Technology

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Cancer chemoprevention by phytochemicals:potential molecular targets,biomarkers and animal models

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第9期28卷 1409-1421页

作者： Ki Han KWON Avantika BARVE Siwang Yu Mou-Tuan HUANG Ah-Ng Tony KONG Center for Cancer prevention Research department of Pharmaceutics Center for Cancer prevention Research Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science Center for Cancer prevention Research Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research Center for Cancer prevention Research department of Pharmaceutics department of Chemical Biology Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy RutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ 08854USA

Recent studies have strongly indicated that certain daily-consumed dietaryphytochemicals could have cancer protective effects against transgenic mice can-cer models and cancers mediated by carcinogens,irradiations and carcinogenicmetabolites derived from exogenous or endogenous *** cancer-protec-tive effects elicited by these dietary compounds are believed to be due at least inpart to the induction of cellular defense systems including the detoxifying andantioxidant enzymes system,as well as the inhibition of anti-inflammatory andanti-cell growth signaling pathways culminating in cell cycle arrest and/or cell-death,in this review,we summarize the potential mechanisms including the modu-lation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kB),cyclooxygenases-2 (COX-2),activatorprotein-1 (AP-1),mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the inductionof phase Ⅱ cellular detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes mediated mainly by theantioxidant response elements (ARE) within the promoter regions of these genesthrough nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nff2),a member of the Cap‘n’collar (CNC) family of the basic region-leucine zipper transcription ***,we also review several animal models of carcinogenesis and cancerchemopreventive efficacy studies of these animal models using dietarychemopreventive ***,we discuss the cellular signaling cascadesmediated by Nrf2,NF-kB,AP-1,MAPKs and COX-2,which have been consideredto play pivotal roles in tumor initiation,promotion and progression processes,and could be promising molecular targets for the design of drugs targeting cancerprevention and therapy.

关键词： chemoprevention dietary cancer chemopreventive compounds nuclear factor E2related factor 2 nuclear factor-kappaB activator protein-l mitogen-activated protein kinases

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Seasonal variations in the onset of ulcerative colitis in Japan

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第47期19卷 9063-9068页

作者： Shigeo Koido Toshifumi Ohkusa Hiroaki Saito Tetsuji Yokoyama Tomoyoshi Shibuya Naoto Sakamoto Kan Uchiyama Hiroshi Arakawa Taro Osada Akihito Nagahara Sumio Watanabe Hisao Tajiri Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicinethe Jikei University School of MedicineChiba 277-8567Japan department of Gastroenterology Juntendo University School of MedicineTokyo 113-8421Japan department of Health promotion National Institute of Public HealthSaitama 351-0197Japan

AIM:To investigate seasonal variations in the onset and relapse of ulcerative colitis(UC)in Japanese ***:Between 1994 and 2006,198 Japanese patients diagnosed with UC according to conventional criteria in an academic hospital were enrolled for onset *** 265 Japanese patients with UC who were observed for more than 12 mo,165 patients relapsed(239 times)and were enrolled for relapse *** patients’symptoms were recorded each month for 12 consecutive ***:There was monthly seasonality in symptom onset during October and March for *** onset of symptoms in UC patients frequently occurred during the *** in UC onset was observed according to both month(P=0.015)and season(P=0.048).Relapse commonly occurred in October,and variations in relapse were not significant either in month(P=0.52)or season(P=0.12).Upper respiratory inflammation was the main factor responsible for ***:Our results suggest that environmental factors associated with winter and spring seasonality may be responsible for triggering the clinical onset of UC in Japan.

关键词： Japanese population Onset Relapse Seasonal variations Ulcerative colitis

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Secretory carcinoma——impact of translocation and gene fusions on salivary gland tumor

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2017年第5期29卷 379-384页

作者： Ryoko Inaki Masanobu Abe Liang Zong Takahiro Abe Aya Shinozaki-Ushiku Tetsuo Ushiku Kazuto Hoshi department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery University of Tokyo Hospital Division for Health Service promotion University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine University of Tokyo Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing) Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute department of Pathology Graduate School of Medicine University of Tokyo

Secretory carcinoma（SC）, previously described as mammary analogue secretory carcinoma（MASC）, is a recently described salivary gland tumor which morphologically resembles mammary secretory carcinoma. The first description of SC/MASC, reported by Skálová et al. in 2010, was as a rare salivary carcinoma imitating secretory carcinoma of the breast. SC/MASC is a unique salivary gland tumor with morphological overlap with acinic cell carcinoma（Aci CC）, mucoepidermoid carcinoma（MEC）, and adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified（ADCNOS）. SC/MASC shares similar clinicopathological features with Aci CC. As a critical difference between SC/MASC and Aci CC, SC/MASC characteristically has the chromosomal translocation t（12;15）（p13;q25） which leads to a fusion gene between the ETV6 gene on chromosome 12 and the NTRK3 gene on chromosome 15. This genetic background is an important differential diagnostic finding for excluding other salivary gland tumors and may be a critical factor determining the prognosis for patients with SC/MASC. Research in recent years has provided a large body of new data on SC/MASC and suggests the possibility that the ETV6-NTRK3 translocation could be a therapeutic target. Here, we review the morphological and clinicopathological features of SC/MASC and discuss new directions for therapy.

关键词： Secretory carcinoma mammary analogue secretory carcinoma MASC ETV6-NTRK3 fusion gene salivary gland tumor

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ARBITRATION ——Alternative Dispute Solution

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China's Foreign Trade 2010年第14期 65-67页

作者： Nan Chunyu department of LegalAffairs of China Council for promotion of International Trade

This article will introduce the arbitration and tell the traders how to resolve the disputes by the means of arbitration in China.

关键词：仲裁方式中国商人对外贸易

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Storage time affects the level and diagnostic efficacy of plasma biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2373-2381页

作者： Lifang Zhao Mingkai Zhang Qimeng Li Xuemin Wang Jie Lu Ying Han Yanning Cai department of Clinical Biobank Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center BeijingChina department of Neurology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative diseases Ministry of EducationBeijingChina School of Biomedical Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikouHainan ProvinceChina Center of Alzheimer’s Disease Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases BeijingChina Institute of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryGaoke Innovation CenterShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina department of Neurobiology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Several promising plasma biomarker proteins,such as amyloid-β(Aβ),tau,neurofilament light chain,and glial fibrillary acidic protein,are widely used for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative ***,little is known about the long-term stability of these biomarker proteins in plasma samples stored at-80°*** aimed to explore how storage time would affect the diagnostic accuracy of these biomarkers using a large *** samples from 229 cognitively unimpaired individuals,encompassing healthy controls and those experiencing subjective cognitive decline,as well as 99 patients with cognitive impairment,comprising those with mild cognitive impairment and dementia,were acquired from the Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline *** samples were stored at-80°C for up to 6 years before being used in this *** results showed that plasma levels of Aβ42,Aβ40,neurofilament light chain,and glial fibrillary acidic protein were not significantly correlated with sample storage ***,the level of total tau showed a negative correlation with sample storage ***,in individuals without cognitive impairment,plasma levels of total protein and tau phosphorylated protein threonine 181(p-tau181)also showed a negative correlation with sample storage *** was not observed in individuals with cognitive ***,we speculate that the diagnostic accuracy of plasma p-tau181 and the p-tau181 to total tau ratio may be influenced by sample storage ***,caution is advised when using these plasma biomarkers for the identification of neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer's ***,in cohort studies,it is important to consider the impact of storage time on the overall results.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-β diagnostic ability glial fibrillary acidic protein neurodegeneration neurofilament light chain plasma biomarkers single molecule array storage time tau

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Effect of environmental stresses on the survival and cytotoxicity of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli

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Food Quality and safety 2017年第2期1卷 139-146页

作者： Brian Byongkwon Yoo Yanhong Liu Vijay Juneja Lihan Huang Cheng-An Hwang Residue Chemistry and Predictive Microbiology Research Unit and Molecular Characterization of Foodborne Pathogens Research Unit Eastern Regional Research CenterAgricultural Research ServiceUnited States Department of AgricultureWyndmoorPennsylvaniaUSA Present address:Clinical and Environmental Microbiology Branch Division of Healthcare Quality and PromotionNational Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious DiseasesCenters for Disease Control and Prevention1600 Clifton Rd.NEAtlantaGA 30329USA

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of environmental stresses on the cytotoxicity of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). STEC O157:H7 and six non-O157 STEC strains (O26:H11, O103:H1, O104:H4, O111:NM, O121:NM, and O145:NM) were subjected to osmotic (aw 0.95-0.98), acid (pH 4-7), and chlorine (1-5 ppm) stresses. After stress treatments, bacterial populations, expression of virulence-associated genes, and Vero-cytotoxicity were determined. Among the strains, O145:NM survived at aw 0.97 longer than other serotypes, while O111:NM was significantly more sensitive to osmotic stress. At pH 4, O103:H1 was more resistant to the stress, while O26:H11 and O111:NM had significantly less growth. For 2 ppm chlorine stress, O26:H11, O103:H1, and O145:NM had higher populations (>3 log) than other strains. Stressed strains showed a significant increase in relative gene expression levels of stx1, stx2, and eae in O103:H1, O104:H4, and O145:NM than non-stressed control. Additionally, significantly higher Vero-cytotoxicity, as indicated by lactate dehydrogenase assay, of stressed O26:H11, O103:H1, O104:H4, and O145:NM was observed. The results suggest that the growth and cytotoxicity of selected pathogenic E. coli may be enhanced after being exposed to environmental stresses.

关键词： Pathogenic Escherichia coli stress growth virulence genes Vero-cytotoxicity.

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