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The crop Journal 2020年第1期8卷 132-139页

作者： Qi Wang Kun Li Xiaojiao Hu Huimin Shi Zhifang Liu Yujin Wu Hongwu Wang Changling Huang National Key Facility for crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina National Engineering Laboratory for crop Molecular Breeding BeijingChina

The cell wall composition and structure of the maize stalk directly affects its digestibility and in turn its feed *** studies of stem quality have focused mostly on common maize germplasm,and few studies have focused on high-oil cultivars with high grain and straw *** of the genetic basis of cell wall composition and digestibility of maize stalk using high-oil maize is desirable for improving maize forage *** the present study,a high-oil inbred line(By804)was crossed as male parent with the maize inbred line B73 to construct a population of 188 recombinant inbred lines(RILs).The phenotypes of six cell-wall-related traits were recorded,and QTL analysis was performed with a genetic map constructed with SNP *** traits were significantly correlated with one another and showed high broad-sense *** 20 QTLs mapped,the QTL associated with each trait explained 10.0%–41.1%of phenotypic *** half of the QTL each explained over 10%of the phenotypic *** results provide a theoretical basis for improving maize forage quality by marker-assisted selection.

关键词： Maize QTL Cell wall Digestibility Recombinant inbred lines

The Blue-Light Receptor CRY1 Interacts with BZR1 and BIN2 to Modulate the Phosphorylation and Nuclear Function of BZR1 in Repressing BR Signaling in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2019年第5期12卷 689-703页

作者： Guanhua He Jie Liu Huixue Dong Jiaqiang Sun National Key Facility for crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

The blue-light receptor cryptochrome 1(CRY1)primarily mediates blue-light inhibition of hypocotyl elongation in ***,the underlying mechanisms remain largely *** report here that CRY1 inhibits hypocotyl elongation by repressing brassinosteroid(BR)signaling.A genetic interaction assay reveals the negative regulatory effect of CRY1 on the function of BZR1,a core transcription factor in the BR signaling *** demonstrated that CRY1 interacts with the DNA-binding domain of BZR1 to interfere with the DNA-binding ability of BZR1,and represses its transcriptional ***,we found that CRY1 promotes the phosphorylation of BZR1 and inhibits the nuclear accumulation of ***,we discovered that CRY1 interacts with the GSK3-like kinase BIN2 and enhances the interaction of BIN2 and BZR1 in a light-dependent *** findings revealed that CRY1 negatively regulates the function of BZR1 through at least two mechanisms:interfering with the DNA-binding ability of BZR1 and promoting the phosphorylation of ***,we uncover a novel CRY1-BIN2-BZR1 regulatory module that mediates crosstalk between blue light and BR signaling to coordinate plant growth in Arabidopsis.

关键词： brassinosteroid BIN2 BZR1 cryptochrome 1

Haplotyping of Rice Genotypes Using Simple Sequence Repeat Markers Associated with Salt Tolerance

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Rice science 2016年第6期23卷 317-325页

作者： A.D.CHOWDHURY G.HARITHA T.SUNITHA S.L.KRISHNAMURTHY B.DIVYA G.PADMAVATHI T.RAM N.SARLA ICAR-Indian institute of Rice Research Division of crop Improvement Central Soil Salinity Research Institute

Salt stress is a major problem in most of the rice growing areas in the world. A major QTLSaltol associated with salt tolerance at the seedling stage has been mapped on chromosome 1 in *** study aimed to characterize the haplotype diversity at Saltol and additional QTLs associated withsalt tolerance. Salt tolerance at the seedling stage was assessed in 54 rice genotypes in the scale of 1to 9 score at EC = 10 dSm^-1 under controlled environmental conditions. Seven new breeding linesincluding three KMR3/O. rufipogon introgression lines showed similar salt tolerant ability as FL478 andcan be good sources of new genes/alleles for salt tolerance. Simple sequence repeat （SSR） markerRM289 showed only two alleles and RM8094 showed seven alleles. Polymorphic information contentvalue varied from 0.55 for RM289 to 0.99 for RM8094 and RM493. Based on 14 SSR markers, the 54lines were clearly separated into two major clusters. Fourteen haplotypes were identified based onSaltol linked markers with FL478 as the reference. Alleles of RM8094 and RM3412 can discriminatebetween the salt tolerant and susceptible genotypes clearly and hence can be useful in marker-assistedselection at the seedling stage. Other markers RM10720 on chromosome 1 and RM149 and RM264 onchromosome 8 can also distinguish tolerant and susceptible lines but with lesser stringency.

关键词： haplotype rice salt tolerance Saltol simple sequence repeat marker

RNA-seq analysis of unintended effects in transgenic wheat overexpressing the transcription factor GmDREB1

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The crop Journal 2017年第3期5卷 207-218页

作者： Qiyan Jiang Fengjuan Niu Xianjun Sun Zheng Hu Xinhai Li Youzhi Ma Hui Zhang institute of crop Science National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

The engineering of plants with enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses typically involves complex multigene networks and may therefore have a greater potential to introduce unintended effects than the genetic modification for simple monogenic traits. For this reason, it is essential to study the unintended effects in transgenic plants engineered for stress tolerance. We selected drought-and salt-tolerant transgenic wheat overexpressing the transcription factor, GmDREB1, to investigate unintended pleiotropic effects using RNA-seq analysis. We compared the transcriptome alteration of transgenic plants with that of wild-type plants subjected to salt stress as a control. We found that GmDREB1 overexpression had a minimal impact on gene expression under normal ***1 overexpression resulted in transcriptional reprogramming of the salt response,but many of the genes with differential expression are known to mitigate salt stress and contribute incrementally to the enhanced stress tolerance of transgenic wheat. GmDREB1 overexpression did not activate unintended gene networks with respect to gene expression in the roots of transgenic wheat. This work is important for establishing a method of detecting unintended effects of genetic engineering and the safety of such traits with the development of marketable transgenic crops in the near future.

关键词： Unintended effects Transgenic wheat Transcription factor RNA-seq DREB

Metabolic profiling of DREB-overexpressing transgenic wheat seeds by liquid chromatographymass spectrometry

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The crop Journal 2020年第6期8卷 1025-1036页

作者： Fengjuan Niu Qiyan Jiang Xianjun Sun Zheng Hu Lixia Wang Hui Zhang institute of crop Sciences National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

DREBs are transcription factors that regulate abiotic stress tolerance in ***,we reported that wheat transgenic lines overexpressing Gm DREB1 showed increased tolerance to drought and salt ***,the molecular basis of increased tolerance is still poorly understood,and whether the overexpression of DREB will cause unexpected effects is also of *** performed seed metabolic profiling of the genetically modified(GM)wheat T349 and three non-GM cultivars with LC-MS to identify the metabolic basis of stress tolerance and to assess the unexpected effects of exogenous gene *** we did not note the appearance of novel metabolites or the disappearance of existing metabolites,overexpression of the transcription factor Gm DREB1 in T349 wheat influenced metabolite levels in *** levels of stress tolerance-associated metabolites were found in the stress-sensitive non-transgenic acceptor counterpart J19,while metabolites associated with cell membrane structure and stability accumulated in *** these metabolites in T349,most showed levels similar to those in the non-GM *** of Gm DREB1 in T349 may cause a shift in its metabolic profile leading to down-regulation of several energy-consuming processes to favor increased yield under stress conditions,which is a reasonable expectation of breeders while creating the GM wheat and Gm DREB1 overexpression did not cause unexpected effects in T349 *** results may be helpful for GM crop research and risk assessment.

关键词： Transgenic wheat Metabolomics LC-MS DREB Drought tolerance

Most Tibetan weedy barleys originated via recombination between Btr1 and Btr2 in domesticated barley

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Plant Communications 2024年第5期5卷 163-175页

作者： Guangqi Gao Luxi Yan Yu Cai Yu Guo Congcong Jiang Qiang He Sarah Tasnim Zongyun Feng Jun Liu Jing Zhang Takao Komatsuda Martin Mascher Ping Yang State Key Laboratory of crop Gene Resources and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Grain crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization(MARA)/institute of crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Leibniz institute of Plant Genetics and crop Plant Research 06466 SeelandGermany crop Research institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan 250100China

Tibetan weedy barleys reside at the edges of qingke(hulless barley)fields in Tibet(Xizang).The spikes of these weedy barleys contain or lack a brittle rachis,with either two-or six-rowed spikes and either hulled or hulless grains at *** the brittle rachis trait of Tibetan weedy barleys is similar to that of wild barley(Hordeum vulgare *** Thell.),these plants share genetic similarity with domesticated *** origin of Tibetan weedy barleys continues to be ***,we show that most Tibetan weedy barleys originated from cross-pollinated hybridization of domesticated barleys,followed by hybrid self-pollination and recombination between Non-brittle rachis 1(btr1)and 2(btr2).We discovered the specific genetic ancestry of these weedy barleys in South Asian *** weedy barleys exhibit lower genetic diversity than wild and Chinese landraces/cultivars and share a close relationship with qingke,genetically differing from typical eastern and western barley *** classified Tibetan weedy barleys into two groups,brittle rachis(BR)and non-brittle rachis(NBR);these traits align with the haplotypes of the btr1 and btr2 *** wild barleys carry haplotype combinations of Btr1 and Btr2,each showing lower proportions in a population,the recombinant haplotype BTR2H8+BTR1H24 is predominant in the BR *** block analysis based on whole-genome sequencing revealed two recombination breakpoints,which are present in 80.6%and 16.8%of BR acces-sions according to marker-assisted *** events between wild and domesticated barley were rarely *** support the notion that Tibetan weedy barleys originated via recom-bination between Btr1 and Btr2 in domesticated barley.

关键词： Tibetan weedy barley agriocrithon de-domestication out-pollination recombination brittle rachis

Chromosome 5P of Agropyron cristatum induces chromosomal translocation by disturbing homologous chromosome pairing in a common wheat background

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The crop Journal 2023年第1期11卷 228-237页

作者： Haiming Han Xinyuan Ma Zhen Wang Kai Qi Wenjing Yang Weihua Liu Jinpeng Zhang Shenghui Zhou Yuqing Lu Xinming Yang Xiuquan Li Lihui Li National Key Facility for crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Wide hybridization is a strategy for broadening the genetic basis of wheat. Because an efficient method for inducing wheat–alien chromosome translocations will allow producing useful germplasm, it is desirable to discover new genes that induce chromosomal variation. In this study, chromosome 5P from *** was shown to induce many types of chromosomal structural variation in a common wheat background, including nonhomoeologous chromosome translocations, as revealed by genomic in situ hybridization, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and DNA marker analysis. Aberrant meiosis was associated with chromosomal structural variation, and aberrant meiotic behavior was observed in wheat–*** 5P monosomic and disomic addition lines, suggesting that the effect of chromosome 5P was independent of the number of chromosome 5P copies. Chromosome 5P disturbed homologous chromosome pairing at pachytene stage in a common wheat background, resulting in a high frequency of univalent formation and reduced crossing over. Thirteen genes involved in DNA repair or chromatin remodeling, including RAD52-like and MSH6 genes, were differentially expressed(upregulated) in wheat–A. cristatum 5P addition lines according to transcriptome analysis, implicating chromosome 5P in the process of meiotic double-strand break repair. These findings provide a new, efficient tool for inducing wheat–alien chromosome translocations and producing new germplasm.

关键词： Agropyron cristatum Wheat Chromosome 5P Translocation Chromosome pairing

Ordering of high-density markers by the k-Optimal algorithm for the traveling-salesman problem

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The crop Journal 2020年第5期8卷 701-712页

作者： Luyan Zhang Huihui Li Lei Meng Jiankang Wang National Key Facility for crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Construction of accurate and high-density linkage maps is a key research area of *** investigated the efficiency of genetic map construction(MAP)using modifications of the k-Optimal(k-Opt)algorithm for solving the traveling-salesman problem(TSP).For TSP,different initial routes resulted in different optimal *** most optimal solution could be found only by use of as many initial routes as *** for MAP,a large number of initial routes resulted in one optimal order.k-Opt using open route length gave a slightly higher proportion of correct orders than the method of adding one virtual marker and using closed route *** frequency(REC)and logarithm of odds(LOD)score gave similar proportions of correct order,higher than that given by genetic *** missing markers and genotyping error reduced ordering accuracy,but the best order was still achieved with high probability by comparison of the optimal orders from multiple initial *** time increased rapidly with marker number,and 2-Opt took much less time than *** 2-Opt algorithm was compared with ordering methods used in two other software *** best method was 2-Opt using open route length as the criterion to identify the optimal order and using REC or LOD as the measure of distance between *** describe a unified software interface for using k-Opt in high-density linkage map construction for a wide range of genetic populations.

关键词： optimal algorithm traveling

Fine Mapping of qPAA8,a Gene Controlling Panicle Apical Development in Rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第9期53卷 710-718页

作者： Zhi-Jun Cheng Bi-Gang Mao Su-Wei Gao Ling Zhang Jiu-Lin Wang Cai-Lin Lei Xin Zhang Fu-Qing Wu Xiu-Ping Guo Jianmin Wan National Key Facility for crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesBeijing 100081China

In rice,one detrimental factor influencing single panicle yield is the frequent occurrence of panicle apical abortion（PAA） under unfavorable climatic *** now,no detailed genetic information has been available to avoid PAA in rice ***,we show that the occurrence of PAA is associated with the accumulation of excess hydrogen *** trait loci（QTLs） mapping for PAA in an F2 population derived from the cross of L-05261（PAA line） × IRAT129（non-PAA variety） identified seven QTLs over a logarithm of the odd（LOD） threshold of 2.5,explaining approximately 50.1% of phenotypic variance for PAA in *** of the QTLs with an increased effect from L-05261,were designated as qPAA3-1,qPAA3-2,qPAA4,qPAA5 and qPAA8,and accounted for 6.8%,5.9%,4.2%,13.0% and 12.2% of phenotypic variance,*** found that the PAA in the early heading plants was mainly controlled by ***,using the sub-populations specific for qPAA8 based on markerassisted selection,we further narrowed qPAA8 to a 37.6-kb interval delimited by markers RM22475 and *** results are beneficial for PAA gene clone.

关键词： Rice Inflorescences Phenotypes Political systems Breeds (animals) Accounting Quantitative trait loci

Research progress in BYDV resistance genes derived from wheat and its wild relatives

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2009年第9期36卷 567-573页

作者： Zengyan Zhang Zhishan Lin Zhiyong Xin ational Key Facility for crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China

Barley yellow dwarf virus （BYDV） may cause a serious disease affecting wheat worldwide. True resistance to BYDV is not naturally found in wheat. BYDV resistance genes are found in more than 10 wild relative species belonging to the genera of Thinopyrum, Agropyron, Elymus, Leymus, Roegneria, and Psathyrostachy. Through wide crosses combining with cell culture, use ofph mutants, or irradiation, 3 BYDV resistance genes in Th. intermedium, including Bdv2, Bdv3 and Bdv4, were introgressed into common wheat background. Various wheat-Th, intermedium addition and substitution, translocation lines with BYDV-resistance were developed and characterized, such as 7D-TAi#1 （bearing Bdv2）, 7B-7Ai#1, 7D-7E （beating Bdv3）, and 2D-2Ai-2 （bearing Bdv4） translocations. Three wheat varieties with BYDV resistance from Th. intermedium were developed and released in Australia and China, respectively. In addition, wheat-Agropyron cristatum translocation lines, wheat-Ag, pulcherrimum addition and substitution lines, and a wheat-Leymus multicaulis addition line （line24） with different resistance genes were developed. Cytological analysis, morphological markers, biochemical markers, and molecular markers associated with the alien chromatin carrying BYDV resistance genes were identified and applied to determine the presence of alien, chromosomes or segments, size of alien chromosome segments, and compositions of the alien chromosomes. Furthermore, some resistance-related genes, such as RGA, P450, HSP70, protein kinases, centrin, and transducin, were identified, which expressed specifically in the resistance translocation lines with Bdv2. These studies lay the foundations for developing resistant wheat cultivars and unraveling the resistance mechanism against BYDV.

关键词： wheat (Triticum aestivum) BYDV resistance alien chromosome introgression identification resistance-related gene